• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.111-118
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• 2005

국제해사기구(IMO)에서 1997년 9월 선박으로부터의 대기오염방지를 위한 협약(MARPOL 부속서VI)을 채택하여 U년 5월 19일 협약 발효를 앞두고 있다. 따라서 향후 선박으로부터 배출되는 배기가스 중에 포함된 아황산가스(SOx)와 질소산화물(No%)등 대기오염 물질의 배출 규제와 항만이나 터미널에서 유조선으로부터 휘발성유기화합물(VOCs) 배출금지 등의 규제가 강화될 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 이에 대한 대비와 관리방안을 모색하고자 외국에서 이용되는 선박의 배출오염물질 산정 방법을 이용하여 선박에서 배출되는 SOx, NOx의 배출량을 산정하였다. 또한 울산항 특성을 감안하여 액체화물 적$\cdot$양하시 발생되는 휘발성유기화합물(VOCs)의 양을 산정하는 방법에 대해 고찰하고 그 배출량을 산정하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.383-396
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• 1997

Numerical prediction of the pollutant dispersion over a two-dimensional hilly terrain is presented. The dispersion model used in the present work is based on the gradient diffusion theory and the finite-volume method on a non-orthogonal boundary-fitted grid system. The numerical model is validated by comparing the results with the available experimental data for the flat-floor dispersion within a turbulent boundary-layer. The numerical error analysis is performed based on the guideline of Kasibhatla et al.(1988) for the elevated-source dispersion in the flat-floor boundary layer having a power-law velocity and linear eddy-diffusivity profile. The influences of the two-dimensional hilly terrain on the dispersion from a continuously released source are numerically investigated by changing the emission locations and heights. It is found that the distributions of ground-level concentration are strongly influenced by the source location and the emission height. Hence, the terrain amplification factor is greatly enhanced when the pollutant source is located within a flow separation region. Dispersion from a source of short duration is also simulated and the duration time of the pollutant is compared at several downstream locations on a hilly terrain. The results of the numerical prediction are applied to the evaluation of environmental impacts due to the automobile exhausts at the seashore highway with a parallel mountain range.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2013

This is a thesis about the experiment of comparison characteristic of power and exhaust gas in the same condition between diesel engine that is equipped turbocharger different from response power to increase effectiveness of the engine which is recently used in a lot of industry which requires high power. Resulting of the experiment with natural aspiration diesel engine and turbocharger diesel engine, difference in low speed is not significant, but in high speed, effectiveness of turbocharger diesel engine is much higher than the other one. In other hand, in exhaust gas experiment, turbocharger model exhausts more $NO_X$ and $O_2$, but it doesn't significantly affect the result when it comes with decreasing of $CO_2$ and effectiveness of increased power characteristic. As a result, the turbocharger diesel engine is economically effective comparing with the natural aspiration diesel engine.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

This is a thesis about the experiment of comparison characteristic of power and exhaust gas in the same condition between diesel engine that is equipped turbocharger to increase effectiveness of the engine which is recently used in a lot of industry which requires high power. Resulting of the experiment with natural aspiration diesel engine and turbocharger diesel engine, difference in low speed is not significant, but in high speed, effectiveness of turbocharger diesel engine is much higher than the other one. In other hand, in exhaust gas experiment, turbocharger model exhausts more NOX and $O_2$, but it doesn't significantly affect the result when it comes with decreasing of $CO_2$ and effectiveness of increased power characteristic. As a result, the turbocharger diesel engine is economically effective comparing with the natural aspiration diesel engine.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.284.1-284.1
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• 2002

In previous studies, we demonstrated that ambient PM collected from urban site of Korea air could induce DNA damage, Various mutagens and carcinogens present in the urban air differ according to the source of the pollutants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrated compound are produced in the combustion of fossil fuels as diesel emission exhausts. In recent, PAH and nitro-PAH have been identified in urban air particulate matter (PM). and some of them were found to be tumorigenic in experimental animals and humans. (omitted)

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2012

To determine the performance characteristics of motorcycle engine using biogas for practical use, the intake system of a 110 cc motorcycle engine is properly modified to operate with biogas as a fuel. Biogas is a potentially renewable fuel for replacing gasoline in future, but it has high percentage of $CO_2$ that could lead to slow the burning rate of biogas-air mixture and cause instability in combustion. Thus, the performance characteristics of biogas-fueled motorcycle engines could be different from those of gasoline motorcycle engines. In this paper, the important parameters of performance characteristics (such as: power output, thermal efficiency, fuel consumption, exhaust emission,${\cdots}$) of biogas-fueled motorcycle engine are studied and estimated with change of engine speed and load. The obtained results when operating with biogas are used to compare with that of gasoline fuel under the same operating conditions. Engine speed in the experimental is changed from 1500 rpm (idle-mode) up to 3500 rpm by a step of 500 rpm. Engine load is changed from zero to maximum load with the help of an exciting voltage device from generator-type dynamometer. The experimental results show that the tested engine operated with richer biogas-air mixture than that of gasoline-air mixture under the same test conditions. Biogas-fueled engine gives a higher fuel consumption and lower thermal efficiency under the same power output. Brake thermal efficiency of biogas engine is found to be about 3% lower than gasoline-fueled motorcycle engine for whole range of speed. Exhaust emission of biogas-fueled motorcycle engine (such as: CO, HC) is found to be lower than the limitation level of the emission standards of Vietnam for motorcycle engines (CO <4.5% HC <1200 ppm).

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2012

차량에 의한 대기오염을 실제 주행 조건에서 시간과 공간에 구애받지 않고 실시간으로 측정하기 위하여 이동형 배출가스 측정장치(MEL)가 제작되었다. 미니밴 차량에 CO, NOx, $CO_2$와 같은 배출가스 측정 장비와 입자의 수농도 및 입경별 개수농도 분포 측정을 위한 FMPS, CPC가 탑재되었다. 차량 전단에 장착되는 흡입 샘플링 포트를 사용하여 여러 종류의 차량 추적 실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 MEL의 상세 사양 및 이를 이용하여 디젤 및 가솔린 연료를 사용하는 승용차량들을 추적 실험한 결과를 나타내었다. 디젤 차량에서 배출되는 입자의 수농도는 가솔린 차량에서 배출되는 입자의 수농도보다 높았으며 다량의 극미세입자를 포함하고 있었다. 하지만, 직접분사식 가솔린 차량은 DPF가 장착된 디젤 차량에 비하여 50 nm 이상의 입경 영역에서 입자의 농도가 높은 경향을 보였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.2245-2250
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• 2003

Particulate matters(PM) have bad effect on the health. We carried out measurements of diesel PM under $10{\mu}m$ diameter from a HSDI diesel engine with a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) by using the ELPI. This paper compares the two results of the smoke level and the PM level of masses and numbers. We also investigated the effect of the DOC. Under high speed and load, HSDI diesel engine exhausts much masses of particulate matters over 100nm diameter, and a number of PM from 7 to 100nm diameters at the same condition. DOC could reduce the total mass of the PM. However, the DOC could increase the number of ultra fine PM. Before light-off of the soot, the DOC absorb the PM and the DOC oxidize the PM after light-off temperature. The fine PM could be made during the oxidation. Therefore, the advanced DOC is needed to reduce the number of the fine PM.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2000

Investigated was the effect of propene(C3H6) on the NO-NO2 conversion in dry exhaust gases from lean burn engine using a pulsed corona discharge. A kinetic model was developed to characterize the plasma chemistry in simulated exhausts containing propene. The model uses ELENDIF program to solve Boltzmann equation for electron energy distribution function, and CHEMKIN-II program to solve stiff ODE(ordinary differential equation) problems for species concentrations. The corona discharge energy per pulse and the time-space averaged E/N were obtained by fitting the model to experimental data. The model calculation shows good agreement for NO and NO2 concentrations with the experimental data, and predicts the formation of byproducts such as CH2O, CH3HCO, CO AND CH3NO2 Propene enhances the NOx conversion enormously at lower energy density and the NOx conversion increases with the increase of initial propene and oxygen concentration, and temperature.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2012

Lean NOx Trap (LNT) catalysts are capable of reducing exhaust NOx emissions from diesel engines. LNT stores NOx in lean condition and exhausts N2 by reducing NOx in rich condition. NOx reduction characteristic of LNT catalysts using throttle position sensor and fuel injection timing control for light-duty diesel engine was investigated. In contrast to SCR system, LNT catalyst uses diesel fuel in resuctant. Also if the concentration of reductant is exceeded, excessive amount of reductant will slip throughout LNT and cause another emission problem. Thus LNT regeneration with precise engine control established that can make higher NOx conversion efficiency and lower fuel penalty, prevent another emission problem. NOx and reductant concentration were measured by the NOx sensor and Mexa7100D equipped inlet and outlet of catalyst. As a result of engine test, regeneration strategy has reached high of 77.8% NOx conversion efficiency according to engine operation condition. Moreover, we have proved that it is possible to use regeneration strategy of LNT within 5% fuel penalty.