• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.323-335
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• 2020

In this study, a series of site measurement of particulate and gases pollutants at five tunnels were carried out along with case studies to review the suitability of the current road tunnel ventilation design standards. Previous studies by other researchers have shown that the ratios of the level of measurement to the standard were 27.9%, 1.6% and 3.4% for TSP, CO and NOx, respectively. Those measured in this site study shows even lower ratios; the ratios were 2.6%, 0.8% and 0.3%, for TSP, CO and NOx, respectively. The particle size analysis of TSP for the five tunnels shows that PM10 including tire wear and re-suspended road dust exceeded 20.4%. This implies that non-exhaust particulate matter must be taken into account, since the current design standards for the particulate matter (visibility) include only the engine emission. Based on the recent research results, for vehicle emission rate and slope-speed correction factors, revision of ventilation design standards for pollutants is required. WRA (PIARC) also emphasizes the necessity of the ventilation design standards for pollutants. In addition, enactment of a new road tunnel ventilation system operation standard or guideline is strongly recommended when considering the low operating rate of the ventilation system with jet-fans.

• Clean Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2019

Air pollutants have a high impact on everyday life as well as on human health; therefore, new technologies such as low-emission vehicles and add-on systems for air pollutant reduction are needed for our society. However, the environmental benefits and costs of those technologies are not taken into account in existing economic feasibility assessments, which is a barrier that needs to be overcome for green technology to achieve wide dissemination and fast penetration in the market. Thus, this study develops a methodology to assess the economic feasibility of an air pollutant reduction technology by taking into account the social costs from air pollutants and carries out a case study to validate the methodology. Because the social unit costs for air pollutants have not been evaluated yet in South Korea, the methodology uses the social unit costs evaluated for the European Union that are then converted to those for South Korea based on the measuring criteria for vehicle emission gases, parity purchasing price, foreign currency exchange rate, and customer price index. The social unit costs for South Korea are used to assess economic feasibility. A case study was performed to assess the economic feasibility of a dual fuel system using diesel and compressed natural gas by taking into account social costs from air pollutants as well as economic costs. This study could contribute to assessing the true economic feasibility of green technology, projects, and policy related with air pollutant reduction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.13-18
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• 1999

Recently among after-treatment devices which have high possibility of utility diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) is concerned over the world. DOC oxidizes pollutants by means of activate-reaction during by-passing in the catalyst in doing so conversion efficiency of PM, CO and HC is high and this device does not have an effect on engine performance because back pressure is not nearly increased, But as a small amount of sulfur content in fuel is oxidized it makes sulfate which is absorbed on the surface of catalyst. So in this study the experiment is carried out by means of using ordinary fuel(0.1wt%) and low sulfur fuel(0.05wt%) with DOC and the emission gas of diesel engine is measured.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.226-240
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• 1995

This research has a purpose to achieve experimental data used for design of ventilation systems necessary for indoor air quality control and their operation and management. For the study, spatial concentration distribution of indoor air quality according to pollutant site in a simplified model chamber. In low flow ventilation, flow pattern of indoor air was mainly influenced by diffusion and additionally, spatial distribution was formed by convection. Distribution of ventilation efficiency according to each pattern of model chamber was evaluated. It was confirmed that diffusion patterns of a pollutant among sites were formed, centering around main stream areas of supply and exhaust outlets.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

Recently, global warming has been accelerated due to air pollution and air pollutants are coming from the exhaust of the ICE vehicles, which are gradually increasing in number globally. That is why all the countries in the world are striving to reduce pollutant emissions of automobiles by strengthening regulations on air pollution. To comply with the regulations, the auto industry came up with hybrid vehicles, which have features of both ICE vehicles and electric vehicles. Hybrid vehicles show improvements in emissions, fuel efficiency, as well as functions as electric vehicles. This study aims to show possible troubles that occur at times of damages in high-voltage systems, and to suggest responsive measures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2003

The transfer of air pollutants between passenger room and service room in train are investigated by the computational analysis. The effects of service room temperature, inlet velocity, initial concentration and heating are studied. The flow induced by the difference of density between two rooms is found to take the major role in transfer of polluted air. Low temperature of service room enhances the polluted air flow into passenger room along the floor. Exhaust fan above the door between two rooms is not effective for this case. Strong inlet flow is found to suppress polluted air flow from service room. The heating of passenger room can promote air pollution.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.525-544
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• 1999

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were one of the first airborne pollutants to be identified as being carcinogenic. This class of compounds is ubiquitous in the urban atmosphere, and has therefore undergone considerable scrutiny for the last three decades. PAH can be formed in any incomplete combustion or high temperature pyrolytic process involving materials containing carbon and hydrogen, such as fossil fuels. In this paper, the literature on the occurrence, ambient levels, and atmospheric fate and behaviour of airbonrne PAH has been reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the role of automobile sources in PAH emissions. Sampling and analytical techniques for the determination of PAH in air have also been examined. In addition, health implications and legislative aspects of human exposure to airborne PAH have been briefly reviewed. Finally, future requirements for better understanding of the atmospheric behaviour of PAH recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.136-142
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• 2000

With the significant growth of the number of vehicles environmental problems is raised. NOx SOx, and PM emissions in diesel powered vehicles are larger than that in gasoline because the development of pollutants reduction techniques has not been yet achieved. So it is need to develop after-tratment or to convert into alternative fuel to satisfy emission regula-tion. Among the after-treatment systems to reduce the diesel emissions studies with diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) are done greatly. In this study using DOC reduction efficiency with the change of temperature and catalyst loading was calculated through measurements of CO, HC, PM. and SOX.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.309-311
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• 2008

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 1996

Presently, mobile diesel equipments contribute a lot to improve the economic feasibility of underground mining and tunneling operations. Even in Korea, a lot of diesel equipments are being applied to the undergroud workings already, but the technology of management and control of them is not sufficient yet. This study handled the production procedure, characteristics and evaluation technology on diesel particulate matte(DPM) which is known as a carcinogen. For easy measurement of DPM using laser dust monitor, conversion known as a carcinogen. For easy measurement of DPM using laser dust monitor, conversion factor(k) to gravimetric concentration has been acquired. It is appeared that the critical material among the diesel exhaust pollutants is becoming DPM instead of NOx from this year of 1996 according to the Government regulation.