• Title/Summary/Keyword: Exhaust emissions

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Factor Analysis on Exhaust Gas Emissions of Small DI Diesel Engine (직접분사식 소형 디젤엔진의 배기배출물에 대한 인자분석적 고찰)

  • JANG, Se-Ho;KIM, Yeong-Sik
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.586-592
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    • 2017
  • This study analyzed the effect of four control factors, RPM, load, EGR rate and cooling water temperature on the exhaust emissions of the small DI diesel engine. The amount of NOx and smoke emissions were measured through experiments for three levels of four control factors according to orthogonal array table, and the effect of four factors on NOx and smoke emissions was analyzed quantitatively. The main results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. RPM, load and EGR rate have a great influence on NOx and smoke emissions, and the effect of cooling water temperature is negligible. 2. As RPM and load increases NOx emission increases and decreases sharply as the EGR rate increases. 3. Smoke emission decreases or increases randomly according to RPM and load, but increases sharply in proportion to the EGR rate. 4. EGR rate has the greatest effect on NOx and smoke emissions by more than 60% of contribution to variance, especially in the case of NOx emission, EGR rate represents a significant result even under the confidence level of 99% on ANOVA.

Durability Characteristics of an IDI Diesel Engine Using Biodiesel Fuel (바이오디젤유를 사용하는 간접분사식 디젤기관의 내구 특성)

  • Ryu, Kyun-Hyun;Oh, Young-Taig
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.120-127
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    • 2005
  • An IDI diesel engine used to agricultural tractors was fueled with $20\%$ biodiesel fuel(BDF 20) in excess of 300 hours. Engine dynamometer testing was completed at regularly scheduled intervals to monitor the engine performance and exhaust emissions. The engine performance and exhaust emissions were sampled at 1 hour interval for analysis. The combustion variation such as the combustion maximum pressure and the crank angle at this maximum pressure was not appeared during long-time dynamometer testing. Also, BSFC with BDF 20 resulted in lower than with diesel fuel. Since the biodiesel fuel used in this study includes oxygen of about $11\%$, it could influence the combustion process strongly. So, BDF 20 resulted in lower emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and smoke emissions without special increase of oxides of nitrogen than diesel fuel. It was concluded that there was no unusual deterioration of the engine, or any unusual change in exhaust emissions from using the BDF 20.

The Effect of Oxygen in Fuel on the Exhaust Gas Emissions in Diesel Engine (디젤기관에서 연료중의 산소성분이 배기가스 배출특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 유경현;오영택
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.59-67
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    • 2000
  • Recently the world is faced with the very serious problems related to the increasing use of the conventional petroleum fuels. THe air pollutions in big cities were also occurred by the exhaust emissions from automobiles. many researchers have been attracted various oxygenated fuels as an alternative fuel and a renewable fuel for the measure of these problems. In this study the effect of oxygen in fuel on the exhaust gas emissions has been investigated with oxygenated fuels as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. The exhaust gas emission were investigated by comparing with that of the diesel fuel. The vegetable fuel oil such as soybean oil gives lower smoke level than that with diesel fuel. Furthermore the smoke emission is more affected by the oxygen content in fuel than by the fuel viscosity. This study concluded that the fuels including oxygen might be a good measure to reduce smoke in diesel engine because the oxygen strongly influenced the combustion process.

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A Study on Idle Performance Improvements for a Gasoline Engine with the Syngas Assist (합성가스를 이용한 가솔린엔진 아이들 성능 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Song, Chun-Sub;Kim, Chang-Gi;Kang, Kern-Young;Cho, Young-Seok
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.245-251
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    • 2005
  • Recently, fuel reforming technology for the fuel cell vehicle has been applied to internal combustion engines, with various purpose. Syngas which is reformed from fossil fuel has hydrogen as a major component. It has better effort in combustion characteristics such as wide flammability and hig speed flame propagation. In this study, syngas was added to a gasoline engine for the improvement of combustion stability and exhaust emission in idle state. Combustion stability, exhaust emissions, fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature were measured to investigate the effects of syngas addition on idle performance. Results showed that syngas has ability to extend lean operation limit and ignition retard range. with dramatical reduction of engine out emissions.

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Combustion and Exhaust Emission Characteristics of Bio-Ethanol Fuel(E100) in SI Engine (SI 엔진에서 바이오에탄올 연료(E100)의 연소 및 배기특성)

  • Ha, Sung-Yong;Lee, Chang-Sik
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.32 no.8
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    • pp.582-588
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    • 2008
  • An experimental investigation was conducted to investigate the effect of Bio-ethanol fuel on the engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics under various engine operating conditions. To investigate the effect of bio-ethanol fuel, the commercial 1.6L SI engine equipped with 4 cylinder was tested on EC dynamometer. The engine performance including brake torque, brake specific fuel consumption, and barke specific energy consumption of bio-ethanol fuel was compared to those obtained by pure gasoline. Furthermore, the exhaust emissions were analyzed in terms of regulated exhaust emissions such as unburned hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide.Result of this work shows that the effect of blending of ethanol to gasoline caused drastic decrease of emissions under various operating conditions. Also, improved engine performance such as brake torque and brake power were indicated for bio-ethanol fuel.

Multidimensional Engine Modeling: NO and Soot Emissions in a Diesel Engine with Exhaust Gas Recirculation

  • Kim, Hongsuk;Nakwon Sung
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.8
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    • pp.1196-1204
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    • 2001
  • The effects of EGR(Exhaust Gas Recirculation) on heavy-duty diesel engine performance, NO and soot emissions were numerically investigated using the modified KIVA-3V code. For the fuel spray, the atomization model based on the linear stability analysis and spray wall impingement model were developed for the KIVA-3V code. The Zeldovich mechanism for the formation of nitric oxide and the soot model suggested by Hiroyasu et al. were used to predict the diesel emissions. In this paper, the computational results of fuel spray, cylinder pressure, and emissions were compared with experimental data, and the optimum EGR rates were sought from the NO and soot emissions trade-off. The results showed that the EGR is effective in suppressing NO but the soot emission was increased considerably by EGR. Using cooled EGR, soot emission could be enhanced without worsening of NO.

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Effects of Suction Air Humidity on the Combustion and Exhaust Emissions Characteristics in Diesel Engine (디젤기관에 있어서 흡기습도 변화가 연소 특성과 배기배출물 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 임재근;김동호
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.421-426
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    • 2000
  • A study on the combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics of diesel engine with various suction air humidity is performed experimentally. In this paper, suction air humidity is changed from RH 50% to RH 90%, the experiments are performed at engine speed 1800rpm, and main measured parameters are cylinder pressure, fuel consumption rate, CO, HC, NOx and Soot emissions etc. Increase of suction air humidity from RH 50% to RH 90% does not effect specific fuel consumption, decreases maximum pressure in cylinder, ratio of maximum pressure rise and net heat release, and delays ignition timing. Also, that increases CO and HC emissions, decreases NOx emissions, but does not constant in changing tendency on emission.

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A Study on the Effects of Recirculated Exhaust Gas on Soot Emissions in Diesel Engines (디젤기관 매연 배출물에 미치는 재순환 배기의 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Bae, M.W.;Lim, J.K.
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.6 no.6
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    • pp.142-154
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    • 1998
  • The effects of recirculated exhaust gas on the characteristic of soot emissions have been investigated by using an eight-cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection and water-cooled diesel engine operating at several loads and speeds. The experiments in this study are carried out at the fixed fuel injection timing of $38^{\circ}$ BTDC regardless of experimental conditions. The intake oxygen concentration and the mean equivalence ratio calculated by the intake air flow and fuel consumption rate are used to analyze and discuss the influences of EGR rate on soot emissions. Results of this study indicate that soot emissions increase owing to the drop of intake oxygen concentration and the rise of equivalence ratio as the EGR rate increases at a given engine load and speed, especially the high load.

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The Effects of Fuel Injection Skips on the Reduction of Harmful Exhaust Gases during an SI Engine Starting (가솔린 기관의 시동시 연료분사스킵이 유해배출가스 저감에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, S.S.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 2006
  • During the SI engine starting up, starting conditions directly contribute to the harmful emissions in spark ignition engines. The effects of catalyst temperatures and fuel injection skip methods on HC emissions were investigated. The test was conducted on a 1.5L, 4-cylinder, 16 valve, multipoint-port-fuel-injection gasoline engine. To understand the formation of HC emissions, HC concentration was measured in an exhaust port using a Fast Response Flame Ionization Detector(FRFID). The result showed that HC emissions, which were generated during initial stage of the starting, could be reduced by coolant temperature and fuel injection skips. And through the vehicle test of ECE15+EUDC, it is convinced that the optimized fuel injection skip method according to coolant temperatures have favourable effects on the reduction of harmful exhaust emissions including HC during the SI engine start.

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Cycle Resolved NO Emissions and Its Relation with Combustion Chamber Pressure in an S.I. Engine with Fast Response NO Analyzer

  • Sung, Jung-Min;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Lee, Kyung-Hwan
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.17 no.10
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    • pp.1563-1571
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    • 2003
  • A fast response NO analyzer was applied to investigate the relation between cycle-by-cycle NO emissions and combustion chamber pressure. NO emissions were sampled at an isolated exhaust manifold of 4-stroke spark ignition engine to avoid the interference of exhaust gas from other cylinders. The linear correlation analysis was performed with collected data of NO emissions and combustion chamber pressure with respect to the various air-fuel mixture ratios and engine loads. The sampled data sets were obtained during 200 cycles at each operating condition. The results showed that there was a typical pattern in NO emissions from an exhaust port through a cycle. It was possible to set a block of crank angle in which the linear correlation coefficient between NO emissions and combustion chamber pressure was high. As the engine load increased, NO emissions were more dependent on combustion chamber pressure after TDC. It was also analyzed that the correlation between two parameters with respect to air-fuel mixture ratio tended to increase as mixture went leaner. Furthermore, this correlation coefficient for the mixture near the lean limit seemed to be kept high even though combustion was unstable.