• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2021

This study examined the effects of kinesio taping on recovery from fatigue induced by an exercise of concentric contraction using an isokinetic machine. The fatigue was introduced by a mode of exercise at 60°/sec, 50 repetitions for three sessions. The changes of blood ammonia, lactate, LDH, and CK as a marker of fatigue were monitored. Eight healthy collegiate students participated in two experiments; 1) kinesio taping application condition and 2) no kinesio taping application condition. Before experiments, their physical characteristics were measured. For the experiment, blood samples were taken before and immediately after exercise, and 24hr as well as 72hr of recovery period. Window SPSS package 12.0 version was used and one-way ANOVA with repeated measures were employed. The results were as follows. 1) Blood ammonia tended to reduce along the recovery, but no differences between conditions were noticed. 2) Blood lactate tended to reduce during the recovery period, but differences between conditions were not noticed. 3) The LDH was not different between conditions and CK tended to reduce during the recovery period, but differences between conditions were not noticed. Based on the results, kinesio taping did not influence on recovery phase of blood ammonia, lactate concentration, LDH, and CK.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.232-236
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• 2017

In this study, We investigated the effect of foot cooling on the reduction of body temperature after hard exercise at the high temperature of $40^{\circ}C$. We performed a total of 30 subjects, and the subjects performed treadmill exercise for 30 minutes. We produced the cooling device to cool the foot using Peltier module. After the end of the exercise, We performed normal recovery method and cooling recovery method(one foot, both feet) for 1 hour on the same indoor environmental conditions and confirmed the change of body temperature of subjects. The results of deep body temperature measurement showed average $38.78{\pm}0.22^{\circ}C$ to $38.54{\pm}0.15^{\circ}C$ when the normal recovery method was performed. Cooling recovery method on one foot showed average $38.69{\pm}0.14^{\circ}C$ to average $38.06{\pm}0.17^{\circ}C$ and Cooling recovery method on both feet showed average $38.69{\pm}0.15^{\circ}C$ to average $37.84{\pm}0.21^{\circ}C$. There was a significant difference between the normal recovery method and the one foot cooling recovery method(p < .05), there was a significant difference between the normal recovery method and the both feet cooling recovery method(p < .05) and there was a significant difference between the one foot cooling recovery method and the both feet cooling recovery method(p < .05). Body temperature showed the lowest decrease rate when the normal recovery method was performed, and body temperature showed the highest decrease rate when the both feet cooling recovery method was performed. Therefore, recovery of cooling on the foot after hard exercise have decreased body temperature, delay fatigue in the body, and will be contributed to improvement of athlete performance.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.2295-2301
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• 2021

Background: Physical therapy applied to stroke patients is recognized as a treatment that promotes function recovery, and it is a widely known fact that constant exercise should be performed. However, there are insufficient studies on exercise intensity and exercise time that can minimize side effects and maximize function recovery for exercise therapy. Objectives: To determine the effect of exercise variables on CPK generation during aerobic exercise in stroke patients and to discover how to use appropriate exercise intensity and time when conducting an exercise for function recovery in stroke patients. Design: Quasi-experimental research. Methods: This study classified subjects into three groups (low-intensity exercise group: LIE, moderate-intensity exercise group: MIE and high-intensity exercise group: HIE) according to exercise intensity, and was further classified into two groups (10-minute exercise group: 10MG and 20-minute exercise group: 20MG) according to exercise time variables within each exercise intensity group. After, the change in CPK according to exercise intensity and time was confirmed through hematological analysis. Results: In LIE and MIE, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercise were increased in 10MG and 20MG, which was not statistically significant (P>.05). In HIE, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercise were increased in 10MG, and it was statistically significant (P<.05). In HIE, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercise were increased in 20MG, and it was statistically significant (P<.01). In 10MG and 20MG, the CPK blood concentrations before and after exercises were increased in all intensity group, and there was a statistically significant difference only in HIE. Conclusion: From the results of this study, considering CPK, it will be helpful to recover and improve function if the exercise intensity setting is applied in the type of moderate intensity exercise during physical therapy interventions in stroke patients.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.356-362
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• 1999

Humans may lose considerable amounts of water and electrolytes from sweat during exercise in a hot climate. Optimal ingestion of fluid-replacement beverages may overcome an obstacle factor of exercise performance in the heat. This study was performed the comparison of heart rate and blood lactate between ingestion of Prunus mume solution and water solution during graded maximal exercise using bicycle ergometer in the heat(ambient temperature of 31-32$^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of 50-55%). Ten healthy no-heat-acclimatized males participated in the study. Exercise duration until all-out of graded testing in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion(786.15$\pm$47.66s) was significantly higher(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Heart rate at 4 min during graded testing and recovery phase in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion was significantly lower(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Blood lactate concentration at 30min of recovery phase after graded maximal exercise in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion was significantly lower(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Recovery rate of blood lactate concentration at 15 min and 30 min of recovery phase after grated maximal exercise in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion was significantly lower(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Present results suggested that ingestion of Prunus mume solution showed the positive effects on the cardiorespiratory function and acid-base regulation as compared with ingestion of water during graded maximal exercise and recovery phase in hot environment.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the thermophysiological responses and subjective sensations of clothing materials with different water transfer property investigated in exercising and resting subjects at an ambient temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ and a relative humidity of 40%. Two kinds of clothing ensemble were tested: 100% cotton with highly water-absorbent but slowly dry properties(C) and 100% polyester with quickly water-absorbent and dry properties by four capillary channels(QADP). Seven apparently healthy male participants each undertook two series of experiments comprised 10-min of rest, 20-min of exercise with 70% of $VO_{2max}$ on a treadmill and 20-min of recovery. Mean skin temperature was significantly lower in QADP than in C during exercise and recovery. Clothing microclimate temperature was significantly lower in QADP during exercise and clothing surface temperature was also lower in QADP especially during recovery. Also, clothing surface humidity was significantly higher in QADP after the later half of exercise. The concentration of blood lactic acid tended to decrease to a lower level at recovery 3 minutes when wearing QADP rather than C clothing ensemble. Metabolic energy was marginally significantly less during the second half of exercise in QADP. Body mass loss tended to be greater in C than in QADP. The participants had better scores in thermal sensation, comfortable sensation and wetness in QADP during exercise and recovery. These results show that functional materials with quickly water-absorbent and dry properties can alleviate heat strain and induce more comfortable clothing microclimates and subjective sensations in the exercise-induced hyperthermia.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2008

This study was investigated the effects of pain and functional recovery when low frequency electrical stimulation and aquatic exercise applied to sciatic nerve injured rats. The rats were assigned into four groups; Group I(n=20, control group), Group II(n=20, low frequency electrical stimulation group), Group III(n=20, aquatic exercise group), Group (n=20, applied low frequency electrical stimulation and aquaatic exercise group). Each IV group measured hot plate examination, sciatic nerve functional index(SFI), c-fos.. In hot plate examination, group II, IV showed effect than group Iat 14 days after injured(p<0.01) and group III, Ⅳ showed effect than group I at 21, 28 days after in-jured(p<0.01, p<0.001). In SFI, group II, III, IV showed effect II, III, IV than group I and group IV showed effect than group II at 14, 21 days after injured(p<0.001). group II, III, IV showed effect than group I at 28 days after injured(II = p<0.01, III and IV = p<0.001). Effects of pain and function recovery when low frequency electrical stimulation and aqua-exercise applied to sciatic nerve injured rats, group Ⅳ were most effected to sciatic nerve injured rats. As well as group II and III were effected to sciatic nerve injured rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.364-372
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of medicinal plants application as an edible functional food resource. We carried out to develop a traditional functional beverage by using hot-water extraction of 4 medicinal plants (Polygonatun sibiricum, Ophiopogonis radix, Lycii fructus, Schizandriae frutcus) and we examined the effects of drink on physiological response during exercise and recovery phase. The subjects were male baseball players, and exercise protocol was performed with 45 minutes treadmill running and 85％ VO$_2$ max intensity. Brix, pH and titratable acidity of developed drink were 9.5％, 3.3 and 0.22％. The approximate nutritional composition of beverage was carbohydrate, 5.98％, total dietary fiber, 0.42％, crude protein, 0.70％, crude fat, 0.20％ and crude ash, 0.20％. Developed. traditional functional beverage contained K (4.00 mg％), Na (3.68mg％), Ca (2.54mg％), Mg (1.60mg％) and Fe (0.29mg％). Developed beverage drinking group showed a lowest heart rate during exercise and recovery phase than the other two group (water group and ion beverage group). In the change of blood lactate concentration, developed beverage intake group showed a significant lowest values during exercise and recovery phase. And blood hematocrit values and osmolarity were lowest in the developed beverage intake group. In these results, exercise performance capacity was expected to improve most highly with the developed drink from composition with medicinal plants. Also developed beverage was effective in recovery of exercise-induced fatigue. Thus developed drink with medicinal plants can be used as a functional material improving decrease fatigue effects in beverage industry.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.229-242
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• 1997

This study was performed to figure out effects of stroke rehabilitation on education using isokinetic exercise on physical function recovery. It is considered isokinetic exercise will playa primary role in muscle strength, ROM of joint, and body balance recovery for stroke rehabilitation and so far can be used as a basic references to increase the health of all people. The study consisted of 42 stroke patient(21 training group, 21 control group) diagnosed as cerebral hemorrhage from Oriental Rehabilitation Department of Kyung Hee University. Upper extremity and lower extremity exercise was performed in the training group using isokinetic ergometer. The recovery of physical function(muscle strength, ROM of joint, body balance) data between the two groups were compared and ana lysed by paired t-test are as followed. 1. Muscle testing record showed increased in the strength of elbow flexion, knee flexion, knee extension, ankle extension of the training group com paired to control group(p < .05). In the measurement of ROM, however other parts of the body motion showed no significant changes, only shoulder extension of the training group was increased(p < .05). 2. Body balance increase was highly significant in all training group compaired to control group(p<001). Based on these findings, stroke rehabilitation education with isokinetic ergometer showed available effects on recovery of physical function rehabilitation program with isokinetic exercise will play a primary role in the recovery of physical function of stroke or brain injury patients as well as to promote the health of all people.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2019

Heart rate is a relatively simple and non-invasive method that is used as an important physiological indicator in many studies and has a close relationship with heart structure and function, cardiovascular disease and sudden cardiac death. In general, appropriately low heart rate during resting means effective heart function and cardiovascular fitness; heart rate at recovery is an important indicator of health and disease condition. We found a beagle dog (Dog_1) with a high heart rate in the previous preliminary experiment. Therefore, purpose of this study was to compare the heart rate response of the Dog_1 with the control group during 12 weeks of interval exercise, to evaluate the structural and functional abnormalities of the heart and to verify the applicability of exercise program. Heart rate was checked during 12 weeks of interval exercise, and after the exercise was over, imaging examination and hematological and serum biochemistry were performed. As a result, Dog_1 (165.6 ± 1.5) showed significantly higher heart rate in low intensity session of interval exercise than control group (133.3 ± 0.5, p < 0.01). In addition, Dog_1 (181.2 ± 1.4) showed significantly higher heart rate than control group (155.1 ± 0.9) in high intensity session (p < 0.01). The heart rate (30 sec, 60 sec) during recovery state was higher in Dog_1 (30 sec: 156.8 ± 4.0, 60 sec: 166.8 ± 5.8) than in the control group (30 sec: 111.2 ± 2.5, 60 sec: 104.0 ± 5.1, p < 0.01). The results of the imaging examination of Dog_1 with high heart rate confirmed that the heart had no functional and structural abnormalities. All beagles with the interval exercise program did not show maladjustment, and in the hematological and serum biochemistry results, all the parameter were within the reference range. If the interval exercise program of this study is used in the future, it is expected to be used as an important basic data to achieve the purpose of health, welfare, and physical fitness improvement of dogs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.686-690
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• 2015

The adrenergic receptor beta 2 (ADRB2) plays a role in various physiological responses of the muscle to exercise, such as contraction and relaxation. Given its important role in muscle function, we investigated the structure of the horse ADRB2 gene and its expression pattern after exercise to determine if it can serve as a putative biomarker for recovery. Evolutionary analyses using synonymous and non-synonymous mutation ratios, were compared with other species (human, chimpanzee, mouse, rat, cow, pig, chicken, dog, and cat), and revealed the occurrence of positive selection in the horse ADRB2 gene. In addition, expression analyses by quantitative polymerase chain reaction exhibited ubiquitous distribution of horse ADRB2 in various tissues including lung, skeletal muscle, kidney, thyroid, appendix, colon, spinal cord and heart, with the highest expression observed in the lung. The expression of ADRB2 in skeletal muscle was significantly up-regulated about four folds 30 minutes post-exercise compared to pre-exercise. The expression level of ADRB2 in leukocytes, which could be collected with convenience compared with other tissues in horse, increased until 60 min after exercise but decreased afterward until 120 min, suggesting the ADRB2 expression levels in leukocytes could be a useful biomarker to check the early recovery status of horse after exercise. In conclusion, we identified horse ADRB2 gene and analyzed expression profiles in various tissues. Additionally, analysis of ADBR2 gene expression in leukocytes could be a useful biomarker useful for evaluation of early recovery status after exercise in racing horses.