• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of unstable bridge exercise on the posture of female university students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 30 female university students who were equally and randomly allocated to a unstable bridge exercise group, an experimental group, and a stable bridge exercise group, a control group. Both did so for 30 minutes three times per week over a six-week period. Using BackMapper, their trunk inclination (TIN), trunk imbalance (TIM), pelvic position (PPO), pelvic torsion (PTO), pelvic rotation (PRO), and the position of their scapulae (PSA) were evaluated. Results: The unstable bridge exercise group obtained significant results in TIN, TIM, PPO, PTO and PSA, while the stable bridge exercise group obtained significant results in TIN, PPO. Conclusion: unstable bridge exercise may be applied as a method to correct the posture of average adults.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1498-1507
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate effect of neck stabilization exercise and Swiss ball exercise on the recovery from the fatigue of neck muscles induced. The turtleneck posture was set artificially by using Smartphone with healthy adults. Repetitively measured ANOVA was executed to examine the changes in the muscle fatigue of sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and splenius capitis among three-time intervals (at the time of general resting, work and after intervention) in the three intervention groups (neck stabilization exercise group, Swiss ball exercise group, and ordinary rest group). There were no significant differences in the changes of fatigue of sternocleidomastoid muscle among all three intervention groups at the time of general resting, work and after intervention (p>.05). Although there was no significant difference in the changes in the fatigue of upper trapezius and splenius capitis muscles between the intervention groups at the time of general resting and work (p>.05), there was the significant difference between the three intervention groups at the time of work and after intervention (p>.05). This study suggest that Swiss ball exercise is more effective in reducing the muscular fatigue of the neck and shoulder at a turtleneck posture than neck stabilization exercise.

• Archives of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of sport massage and McKenzie stretch exercise on forward head posture. To understand the effect, this study measured and analyzed body alignment of the neck. Methods: In this study, a total of 14 subjects with forward head posture were analyzed. Subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=7) received a McKenzie stretch exercise and group 2 (n=7) received a McKenzie stretch exercise and a sport massage. The McKenzie stretch exercise was performed three times a week, for four weeks, while the sport massage was performed once a week. The body alignment of the neck (CVA, CRA) was measured using a goniometer. Results: The improvements in neck body alignments (CVA, CRA) after the McKenzie stretch exercise and sport massage were both significant (group 1: p<0.05; group 2: p<0.05), whereas the between-group comparison found no significant differences. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study confirmed that the McKenzie stretch exercise and sport massage had a significant positive effect on the body alignment of the neck. However, a study that included a greater number of subjects and a long-term treatment period is needed to generalize these results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare how the shoulder height and respiratory function are affected by applying shoulder stabilization exercises and core stabilization exercises that are effective for strengthening the trunk muscles and postural stability for adults with a round shoulder posture (RSP). METHODS: The participants were 28 young adults with RSP. They were assigned randomly to two groups: shoulder stabilization exercise and core stabilization exercise. They performed the exercises for 30 minutes twice a week for four weeks. They measured the shoulder height and respiratory function before and after exercise. RESULTS: No significant difference in shoulder height was found between the groups. A significant decrease in shoulder height was found in the shoulder stabilization exercise group after exercise. The core stabilization exercise group showed a significant decrease after exercise. In respiratory function, no significant difference was found between the groups. The forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) were increased significantly in the shoulder stabilization exercise group before and after exercise. The FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC, and peak expiratory flow were significantly higher in the shoulder stabilization exercise group after exercise than in the core stabilization exercise group. CONCLUSION: Shoulder stabilization exercise and core stabilization exercise improved the postural alignment and pulmonary function, and the exercises could be helpful in shoulder rehabilitation as well as the clinical part of the treatment of rounded shoulder posture.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2020

Background: Backward walking exercise may offer some unique and potentially beneficial differences compared with forward walking exercise. There is still a lack of research on backward walking exercises and forward head posture. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of backward walking exercise on college students forward head posture in their 20s. Methods: Twenty-one subjects participated in the experiment. The subjects were those with a craniovertebral angle (CVA) of 55 degrees or less who understood the purpose and method of this study and voluntarily agreed. A camera capable of taking pictures of the lateral plane was installed at a distance of 1.5 meters before exercising. Pictures were taken before walking backward, and after walking for 15 minutes on the treadmill, the images were taken in the same way. The composition of the backward walking exercise was walking at a rate of 1.0 for 5 minutes, and the remaining 10 minutes were walking at a rate of 1.5. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare CVA and craniorotational angle (CRA) before and after exercise. Results: As a result of this study, there was a significant difference in CVA before and after exercise (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in CRA before and after exercise (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The backward walking exercise and verbal command seems to have positively influenced the changes in CVA and CRA among college students in their 20s. It seems that studies to confirm balance or muscle activity as well as changes in forward head posture through the long-term intervention of the backward walking exercise should be conducted.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.39-50
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• 2018

Background: High string instrument (violin, viola) players are at high risk for developing musculoskeletal problems. In particular, a higher prevalence of shoulder problems has been reported. However, evidence of the effectiveness of therapeutic exercise for musicians with this condition is lacking until now. Objects: This case series study investigated the effect of a specific exercise program on shoulder pain, dysfunction, and posture of professional orchestral high string musicians. Methods: Five professional orchestral high string players with shoulder pain participated in this study. A six-week specific exercise program focus on scapular stability for shoulder pain consisted of scapular muscle exercise. Physical examinations for pain and dysfunction, posture were performed, were identified among all subjects before starting the exercise program. Results: The results revealed that shoulder pain decreased by 67.86% and the effect of pain on instrument play decreased by 63.33%. The shoulder pain and disability Index and the performing arts module-quick disability of the arm, shoulder and hand scale decreased by 71.72% and 51.61% respectively. The exercise program improved function and posture. Conclusion: A specific exercise program for high string players was effective in managing shoulder pain. This case series is intended to provide empirical data on the effectiveness of an exercise program aimed at assessing the effect of exercise on pain, dysfunction, and posture of professional orchestra musicians associated with specific instrument groups.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.172-180
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of squat exercises using elastic bands of ballet dancers on muscle activity, arabesque angle, and static balance of ballet dancers during arabesque posture. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: A total of 25young female ballet dancer svoluntarily participated in the study. The participants were randomized to the elastic resistance squat group(n₁=13) and body squat group(n₂=12). The squats exercise was applied to a total of 12 exercises per four weeks and consisted of 15 times per one set in one to two weeks, 4 sets in three to four weeks. All subjects were evaluated muscle activity, arabesque angle, and static balance during arabesque posture at before-after intervention. All participants were measured muscle activity, arabesque angle, and static balance during arabesque posture at before-after intervention. Results: Elastic resistance squat group and body groups showed a significant increase in the muscle activity, angle, and static balance ability during arabesque posture(p<0.05). In the comparison between the groups, the elastic resistance squat group showed a significant increase in muscle strength, angle, and static balance during arabesque posture (p<0.05). The results showed that the elastic resistance squat exercise was more increased than the body squat exercise in all variables (p<0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, when planning a training program for a ballet dancer, the elastic resistance squat movement can be applied as an exercise method to improve the muscular performance and balance ability of the ballet dancer.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.781-790
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• 2024

As modern people's interest in exercise and health increases, the demand for exercise-related information and devices is increasing, and exercising in the wrong posture can lead to body imbalance and injury. Therefore, in this study, the purpose of this study is to correct the posture for health promotion and injury prevention through the correct exercise posture of users. It was developed using Arduino Uno R3, a pressure sensor, and an acceleration sensor as the main memory device of the system. The pressure sensor was used to determine the squat posture, and the acceleration sensor was used to determine three types of gait: normal step, nasolabial step, and saddle step. Data is transmitted to a smartphone through a Bluetooth module and displayed on an app to guide the user in the correct exercise posture. The gait was determined based on the 20˚ angle at which the foot was opened, and the correct squat posture was compared with the ratio of the pressure sensor values of the forefoot and hindfoot based on the data of the skilled person. Therefore, based on an experiment with about 90% accuracy when determining gait and 95% accuracy based on a 7:3 ratio of pressure sensor values in squat posture, a system was established to guide users to exercise in the correct posture by checking in real time through a smartphone application and correcting exercise in the wrong posture.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.487-492
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to identify the effects of assuming two types of posture (standing and kneeling) during squat exercise on lower body muscle activity. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Twenty-five healthy adults (18 men and 7 women) were instructed to perform the squat exercises while assuming two types of posture (standing and kneeling). EMG (Electromyography) data (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction) were recorded three times from the rectus femoris (RF), gluteus maximus (GMax), gluteus medius (GMed) and biceps femoris (BF) of participant's dominant side and the mean values were analyzed. Results: During the squat exercise with all postures, there was statistically significant difference on rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and biceps femoris muscle activity (p<0.05). The results showed that, there was significantly greater rectus femoris, gluteus medius, and biceps femoris muscle activity in standing posture than in kneeling position (p<0.05). However, the gluteus maximus muscle activity was significantly greater with kneeling posture compared to standing posture (p<0.05). Conclusions: With standing posture, it is showed that rectus femoris, gluteus medius, and biceps femoris muscle activity was greater than kneeling position. While the gluteus maximus muscle activity with standing posture was less than with kneeling posture. Therefore, it is considered that this study can be used as a selective indicator of exercise posture for strengthening specific muscle or weakness caused by paralysis.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.301-309
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to provide an effective method of exercise therapy for patients with cervicogenic headache. Methods : The subjects were divided into the following two groups according to the intervention received: cervical stretch exercise (n=15, control group) cervix-stabilizing exercise (n=15, experimental group) tone (Hz) and stiffness (N/m) of the suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles were measured. T1 slope angle and neck tilt angle were measured. After the exercise program intervention, a greater amount of change in muscle tone and stiffness of suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group. Greater amount of change in posture was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Results : After the exercise program intervention, a greater amount of change in muscle tone and stiffness of suboccipital and upper trapezius muscles was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group. Greater amount of change in posture was found in the experimental group, as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion : The neck-stabilizing exercise were shown to be effective in decreasing the tone of the cervical muscles by stabilizing the cervical bone and improving muscle activity, and in improving the posture by decreasing muscle tone and stiffness.