• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2006

The Sundarbans mangrove forest has a rich biodiversity of flowering plants and many of these have been used in traditional medicine although the flora remains comparatively uninvestigated scientifically. Xylocarpus granatum, Xylocarpus moluccensis and Excoecaria agallocha methanolic extract showed a central nervous system depressant activity on the hole cross and open field test at 800 mg/kg dose level. The most significant depressant activity was observed in Xylocarpus granatum followed by Xylocarpus moluccensis and Excoecaria agallocha. There was no depressant activity observed in the models for Sarcolobus globosus. Further studies are required to confirm the activity and to explain the mechanism.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 2006

The methanol extract and residual methanol fraction of Excoecaria agallocha L. (Euphorbiaceae) stem bark was investigated in this study by wheat rootlet and shoot growth inhibition, and antimicrobial bioassay. The methanol extract and residual methanol fraction showed high inhibitory effect on both the wheat rootlet (82-89%) and shoot growth (85-90%) compared to control. The methanol extract showed a better and dose related inhibition on both the rootlet and shoot growth compared to residual methanol fraction. The $IC_{50}$ value of methanol extract for rootlet and shoot were $2.88\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $2.32\;{\mu}g/ml$, and of residual methanol fraction for rootlet and shoot were $7.91\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $4.45\;{\mu}g/ml$. The methanol extract and residual methanol fraction did not show any antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms of clinical isolates Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureous, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis. The plant has the potential to be a source of novel cytotoxic compound(s).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.393-403
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• 2024

As an archipelagic country, Indonesia is surrounded by large and small islands. Many mangrove plant species are found along the coasts surrounding large and small islands. Besides their conservation value, mangrove plants provide various benefits, including the use of their leaves, fruit, bark, and wood as raw materials in pharmaceutical and other industries. Additionally, mangrove wood is a potential raw material for pulp and paper production. It is essential to study the fiber dimensions of the wood to identify the appropriate characteristics of raw material for pulp and paper. Therefore, in this study, we comprehensively analyzed the differences in the wood fiber dimensions of seven mangrove species from the Indramayu Regency, West Java Province, namely Avicennia alba, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Bruguiera cylindrica, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Sonneratia ovata, Sonneratia caseolaris, and Excoecaria agallocha. For this analysis, maceration followed the Forest Product Laboratory guidelines, and preparation followed the Sass method. The fiber length, diameter, and lumen diameter were measured using a light microscope. Based on the values of the length and dimension derivatives, the fibers of these mangrove wood species were grouped into quality classes II or III for use as raw materials for the pulp and paper industry. The wood fibers of H. tiliaceus, A. alba, S. caseolaris, and E. agallocha met the quality class criterion II, whereas wood species fibers of B. gymnorhiza, B. cylindrica, and S. ovata met the quality class criterion III.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5885-5892
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• 2014

Mangrove plants serve as a sink of heavy metals and contain phenolic compounds at a high level. Therefore, with mangrove plants, recent studies to develop phytoremediation and natural antioxidants have been conducted in the commercial and academic fields. In the present study, six mangroves in Weno Island of Micronesia were investigated for their phylogenetic relationship and antioxidant activities. First, to determine the phylogenetic relationship among them, rbcL (large subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase), one of the chloroplast genes, was used as a molecular marker. According to the data, Xylocarpus, Sonneratia and Rhizophora showed close similarity but not Excoecaria. The levels of phenolic compounds in the bark were abundant in R. apiculata and X. granatum, accounting for 1.10 mM/mg, while R. stylosa and S. alba contained the low amounts, representing 0.73 mM/mg and 0.72 mM/mg, respectively (p<0.05). In addition, bark extracts from R. apiculata, X. granatum, X. moluccensis, and E. agallocha had high antioxidant activities through the DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS analysis, whereas S. alba showed the lowest activities. These results suggest that the bark of R. apiculata can be used as a good source for the development of natural antioxidants.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2021

This study was conducted at Sitakunda coastal afforestation range, comprised of four beats- Bansbaria, Bakkhali, Baterkhil and Bogachattar, in Chittagong. Afforestation effects on soil physicochemical properties in comparison to adjacent barren land were analysed. In the study area, an area of 3277.33 ha was planted with Sonneratia apetala, Avecinnia officinalis, Excoecaria agallocha, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops decandra from 1968 to 2011. We found positive soil physicochemical changes in plantations in comparison to adjacent barren land. Soil bulk density of plantation was lower than the adjacent barren land. Soil pH and soil salinity were significantly higher in barren land whereas soil organic matter, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium of plantations were higher in afforested land. Soil texture ranged from clay loam to sandy loam in different depth of these two types of land. However, this study concludes that there is clear evidence that afforestation has positive impacts on all soil properties in different location and soil depths in the study area.