• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2857-2861
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• 2014

More and more evidence indicates that the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene might be associated with susceptibility to breast carcinoma in humans being. However, individually published results have been inconsistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk. A complete search strategy was done by the electronic databases including PubMed and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. A meta-analysis including seven individual studies was carried out in order to explore the association between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene polymorphisms and breast carcinoma. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk were assessed by the random-effects model. A significant relationship between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma was discovered in an allelic genetic model (OR: 1.214, 95%CI: 1.085-1.358, p=0.001), a homozygote model (OR: 1.663, 95%CI: 1.240-2.232, p=0.001), a heterozygote model (OR: 1.392, 95%CI: 1.190-1.629, p=0.000), a recessive genetic model (OR: 1.407, 95%CI: 1.060-1.868, p=0.018) and a dominant genetic model (OR: 1.427, 95%CI: 1.228-1.659, p=0.000). On sub-group analysis based on ethnicity, significance was observed between the European group and the mixed group. A significant relationship was found between the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene and breast carcinoma risk. Individuals with the A allele of the G801A polymorphism in the CXCL12 gene are under a higher risk for breast carcinoma.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.204-211
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• 1994

Three unknown ninhydrin positive substances (UK-I, UK-II and UK-III) were detected with an amino acid analyzer in a water extract of Korean red ginseng. One of them (UK-II) was isolated and determined to be maltulosyl arginine (Arg-Fru-Glc) on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Another one (VK-III) was identified as Arg-Fru. Maltulosyl arginine, but not Arg-Fru, is a newly identified amino acid derivative. The Korean red ginseng was shown to contain more amount of maltulosyl arginine than the white ginseng. Maltulosyl arginine was found to be produced by the Mallard reaction of maltose with arginine during the heating process involved in preparation of the red ginseng. Maltulosyl arginine was found to inhibit maltase activity. Based on these results, the physiological significance of this new compound is discussed.

• 셀메드
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.18.1-18.16
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• 2012

An oncology-specific database called OncoRx (http://bit.ly/cancerRx) was previously set up in cyberspace to aid clinicians in identifying interactions of anticancer drugs (ACDs) and chemotherapy regimens with traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs). Since then, users have requested the drug-CAM interactions (DCIs) of 5 specific CAMs (cranberry, melatonin, co-enzyme Q10, huachansu, reishi mushroom) to be updated in the database. Pharmacokinetic properties (metabolism, enzyme induction/inhibition, elimination), TCM properties and DCIs of each CAM were collated with 117 ACDs using 9 hardcopy compendia and online databases as resources. Additionally, individual ACDs and CAMs were used as keywords for PubMed searches in combination with the terms 'anticancer drugs', 'drug interactions', 'herb-drug/drug-herb interactions', 'pharmacokinetic interactions' and 'pharmacodynamic interactions'. DCI parameters consisted of interaction effects, evidence summaries, proposed management plans and alternative non-interacting CAMs, together with relevant citations and update dates of the DCIs. OncoRx is also used as a case to introduce the "Four Pharmaco-cybernetic Maxims" of quality, quantity, relationship and manner to developers of digital healthcare tools. Its role in Hayne's "5S" hierarchy of research evidence is also presented. OncoRx is meant to complement existing DCI resources for clinicians and alternative medicine practitioners as an additional drug information resource that provides evidence-based DCI information for ACD-CAM interactions.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2011

대부분의 의사들은 임상시험을 치료약제개발 후 의료현장에서 사용하기 위해 진행되는 과정으로 생각할 것이다. 실험실에서 개발된 기술이 진단검사로써 도입되기 위해서는 치료약제의 경우와 유사한 임상시험 과정을 거쳐 그 안정성과 유효성에 대한 검증을 필요로 한다. 치료약제의 효과검증에서 가장 우수한 근거를 얻을 수 있는 연구방법은 무작위대조연구 방법이지만, 이를 검체진단검사에 그대로 적용하기는 어렵다. 검체진단검사의 경우 비교연구가 진단정확도의 검증을 위해 현실적으로 사용할 수 있는 연구방법이지만 대상군의 모집 방법과 구분 방법, 질환대상자의 질환 심각도, 참고표준의 선택과 적용, 눈가림 여부 등 여러 요인들이 진단정확도 지표에 직접적인 영향을 주기 때문에, 좋은 근거수준의 연구결과를 얻기 위해서는 이러한 요소들을 고려한 잘 고안된 연구디자인이 중요하다. 또한 검체진단검사는 치료약제의 경우와 달리 결과를 얻기 위한 검사과정이 사용자인 일선 검사실에 의해 계속 생산되어야 하고, 검사의 개발과 발전의 속도가 빠르며, 일선검사실이 최종사용자이자 개발자인 경우가 흔하다는 특성이 있다. 저자들은 이러한 검사의 특성을 고려하여 검사법 자체의 수행능력에 대한 검증으로부터 검사법 성능평가를 위한 질환확진군과 정상군에 대한 비교연구, 일련의 질환의심자 대상의 진단정확도 평가와 임상 효과성 평가, 도입 후 일상감시로 이어지는 임상시험의 진행단계를 제안하고자 한다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2020

북한과 남한은 임상검사실 인력구조에서 차이가 있다. 북한에서는 남한의 '임상병리사'에 해당하는 유사인력을 '실험의사(검사의사)'라고 호칭한다. 본 연구자들은 탈북 보건의료인의 증언을 바탕으로 한 선행연구를 고찰해 보면, 검사의사(laboratory doctor)의 신분은 의사(physician)와 준의(feldsher, physician assistant)일 것이라고 사료된다. 의사와 준의는 5.5년제 의학대학 및 3년제 의학전문학교에서 양성되고 있다. 북한의 보건의료인력체계는 남한의 경우처럼 보건전문가들의 전문영역별 업무나 교육, 자격 및 법률이 세분화되어 있지 않다. 대한임상병리사협회는 한반도 통일을 대비하여 유관 단체와 함께 정책연구를 통해서 북한 임상검사인력에 대한 직제 전문화 구축과 발전 방향을 상호 모색해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2023

Purpose: The predominant approach for mitigating inadequate sampling rates has primarily involved bolstering the volume of education. This study aimed to curtail inadequate sampling rates through the implementation of continuous quality improvement (CQI) activities, tailoring effective methods to the unique needs of each institution. Methods: We developed a sample handling guidebook and implemented QI activities to address this issue. Results: These measures resulted in a 4.7% decrease in inadequate sampling rates, concurrently improving knowledge of sample handling and overall nurse satisfaction. We addressed the root causes of inadequate sampling before laboratory pre-processing by: 1) focusing on systematic rather than erratic errors through CQI activities, 2) revising the sample handling guide, and 3) delivering face-to-face education based on the specific needs of the nursing department. These changes resulted in an additional 0.6% decrease in the inadequate sampling rate. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the implementation of CQI activities based on evidence derived from a multifaceted causal analysis significantly reduced the inadequate sampling rate compared to previous studies.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2008

Since first discovered in chick skeletal muscles, stretch-activated channels (SACs) have been proposed as a probable mechano-transducer of the mechanical stimulus at the cellular level. Channel properties have been studied in both the single-channel and the whole-cell level. There is growing evidence to indicate that major stretch-induced changes in electrical activity are mediated by activation of these channels. We aimed to investigate the mechanism of stretch-induced automaticity by exploiting a recent mathematical model of rat atrial myocytes which had been established to reproduce cellular activities such as the action potential, $Ca^{2+}$ transients, and contractile force. The incorporation of SACs into the mathematical model, based on experimental results, successfully reproduced the repetitive firing of spontaneous action potentials by stretch. The induced automaticity was composed of two phases. The early phase was driven by increased background conductance of voltage-gated $Na^+$ channel, whereas the later phase was driven by the reverse-mode operation of $Na^+/Ca^{2+}$ exchange current secondary to the accumulation of $Na^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$ through SACs. These results of simulation successfully demonstrate how the SACs can induce automaticity in a single atrial myocyte which may act as a focus to initiate and maintain atrial fibrillation in concert with other arrhythmogenic changes in the heart.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4823-4827
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• 2014

Background: Since inconsistent results have been reported regarding the relation between the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) -1306C>T polymorphism and susceptibility for breast cancer, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the issue. Materials and Methods: An internet search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed to identify eligible studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate any association between MMP-2 -1306C>T polymorphism and breast cancer susceptibility. Results: Nine case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving 9,858 cases and 10,871 controls. Overall, there was no evidence of any association between the MMP-2 -1306C>T polymorphism and breast cancer susceptibility in different genetic models (T-allele vs C-allele: OR=0.95, 95%CI, 0.82-1.10, p=0.49; TT vs CC: OR=1.03, 95%CI, 0.90-1.19, p=0.66; TT+TC vs CC: OR=0.93, 95%CI, 0.78-1.10, p=0.38; TT vs TC+CC: OR=1.02, 95%CI, 0.89-1.17, p=0.77). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, CC was associated with a significant increase in breast susceptibility among Latin-Americans in the dominant model (OR=0.61, 95%CI, 0.40-0.93, p=0.02), but the association disappeared in other models. No significant association was observed among Europeans, East Asians and others in different genetic models. In the subgroup analysis by their source of controls, no significant association between MMP-2 -1306C>T polymorphism and breast cancer susceptibility was noted among population-based studies and hospital-based studies in different genetic models. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that MMP-2 -1306C>T polymorphism is not associated with breast cancer susceptibility, although the association among Latin-Americans in the dominant model was significant.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to identify topics for evidence-based clinical nursing practice guidelines in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from 330 staff nurses from 10 general hospitals and 53 nurses in charge of nursing education in 110 hospitals with over 500 beds. Using open questions, the nurses identified activities which could not be verified, which lacked consistency among nurses, clinical units and/or hospitals, which were not based on the up-to-date knowledge and which needed reform. The data were analysed by content analysis using a qualitative methodology. Results: Collected data consisted of 1882 clinical topics, which were classified into 50 topics, 207 mid-categories, and 456 sub-categories. The most frequent topics in order of frequency were medications, central line management, intravenous injections, urinary catheterization, perioperative nursing care, skin tests, pressure ulcer care, blood transfusions, laboratory examination-culture, respiratory care which were performed routinely in clinical setting by staff nurses. Conclusion: The research findings indicate the urgent need to develop evidence-based clinical nursing practice guidelines related to these research findings. Further research is needed to identify topics related to health promotion, and symptom/management of health problem.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.374-384
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• 2023

Fibrosis is a pathological condition that is characterized by an abnormal buildup of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as collagen, in tissues. This condition affects various organs of the body, including the liver and kidney. Early diagnosis and treatment of fibrosis are crucial, as it is a progressive and irreversible process in both organs. While there are certain similarities in the fibrosis process between the liver and kidney, there are also significant differences that must be identified to determine molecular diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of RNA molecules that do not code for proteins, are increasingly recognized as playing significant roles in gene expression regulation. Emerging evidence suggests that specific lncRNAs are involved in fibrosis development and progression by modulating signaling pathways, such as the TGF-β/Smad pathway and the β-catenin pathway. Thus, identifying the precise lncRNAs involved in fibrosis could lead to novel therapeutic approaches for fibrotic diseases. In this review, we summarize lncRNAs related to fibrosis in the liver and kidney, and propose their potential as therapeutic targets based on their functions.