• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.201-209
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• 2013

Objectives: The goal of this study was to perform an economic analysis of a primary stenting with drug-eluting stents (DES) compared with bare-metal stents (BMS) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admitted through an emergency room (ER) visit in Korea using population-based data. Methods: We employed a cost-minimization method using a decision analytic model with a two-year time period. Model probabilities and costs were obtained from a published systematic review and population-based data from which a retrospective database analysis of the national reimbursement database of Health Insurance Review and Assessment covering 2006 through 2010 was performed. Uncertainty was evaluated using one-way sensitivity analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results: Among 513 979 cases with AMI during 2007 and 2008, 24 742 cases underwent stenting procedures and 20 320 patients admitted through an ER visit with primary stenting were identified in the base model. The transition probabilities of DES-to-DES, DES-to-BMS, DES-to-coronary artery bypass graft, and DES-to-balloon were 59.7%, 0.6%, 4.3%, and 35.3%, respectively, among these patients. The average two-year costs of DES and BMS in 2011 Korean won were 11 065 528 won/person and 9 647 647 won/person, respectively. DES resulted in higher costs than BMS by 1 417 882 won/person. The model was highly sensitive to the probability and costs of having no revascularization. Conclusions: Primary stenting with BMS for AMI with an ER visit was shown to be a cost-saving procedure compared with DES in Korea. Caution is needed when applying this finding to patients with a higher level of severity in health status.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.143-154
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore innovative adaptation of IT systems worldwide to support process-focus assessment. To this end, the study presents four cases from Australia, Singapore, the U.S.A., and Korea to inform educational policy and technology researchers and practitioners. Based on comparing the four chosen cases as benchmarks, the study concluded that IT systems and technologies can expedite and improve school interventions to enhance student learning in terms of time and quality. Also, educational big data and learning analytics can be used to systematically monitor and communicate individual student's progress among school stakeholders (i.e., teachers, students, parents, and administrators). Lastly, the study made some suggestions to support process-focused assessment in schools as following : 1) A more evidence-based, systems approach is needed to integrate the curriculum, instruction, and assessment to bridge the gap between educational policy and school practice; 2) It is critical to create ICT-friendly school environments so that meaningful data could be collected, analyzed, and stored from individual students and school units; 3) Teacher professional development is another area that needs special considerations and support to successfully implement process-focused assessment in schools.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.622-634
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of the evidence based guideline for prompted voiding by Lyons & Specht (2001) in National Guideline $Clearinghouse^{TM}$ for use in Korea based on the experts' opinions. Method: The target expert group consisted of 8 registered nurses, 6 physicians, and 5 nursing professors who are experts in urinary incontinence. This study used a questionnaire survey. The appropriateness, applicability, and the present application of each recommendation in the guideline were analyzed with descriptive statistics using the SPSS program, with content analysis based on the experts' opinions. Result: The scores on each recommendation's appropriateness showed the high degree of agreement among nurses, physicians, and nursing professors. However, the recommendation for 'use of oxybutinin' showed the lowest score as 5.89. It was notable that the most recommendations scored lower for applicability compared with appropriateness. The reasons for lower scores for applicability were the lack of clinicians' knowledge of assessment and management, and the lack of resources in clinical settings in Korea. Conclusion: This study will augment the understanding of the actual urinary incontinence management in Korean clinical settings and can be used as the baseline data for further study of tailoring international guidelines into local and national clinical settings.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.17
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• pp.219-225
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• 2001

The basic structure for assessment of potential health risks from environmental chemicals is widely agreed upon, but many of the details of risk assessment procedures differ among practitioners. Government regulatory agencies typically have guidelines or standard procedures for their risk assessments, established to ensure consistency and comparability, to set standards for adequacy, and to embody underlying tenets. In setting and updating such guidelines, each agency takes into account not only the prevailing thinking about appropriate procedures, but also its own goals and responsibilities and the precedents it has set for itself in past analyses. This results in variations in methods, and consequently in characterization of risks, among regulatory assessments, even when they are based on the same data. As a result, adopting existing assessments from a variety of regulatory bodies needs to be done with caution. This paper examines some of the variants in risk assessment approaches among American federal regulatory agencies and relates them to the variations in regulatory responsibilities of those groups. Comparisons to international practices are also drawn. The impact on development of world-wide risk standards is discussed.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.316-324
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• 2019

The new medical technology assessment system has a basic goal of protecting the public's health rights and promoting the development of the new medical technology with safe and effective medical technology that has been scientifically proven. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the activation of the new medical technology evaluation system by analyzing the application cases of the dental field after the implementation of the new medical technology evaluation system and proposing an efficient approach to approach the new medical technology evaluation system. The number of related literature and medical technology evaluation results are not significant in dental applications, the number of cases and the length of follow-up period of the relevant medical technology adopted as the new medical technology was far higher. As the speed of medical technology development increases, medical technology is expected to develop in the dental field as well. To introduce the medical technology to the clinical site, access to the correct direction of evidence is required to collect and objectify data at the medical site in order to prepare a literary basis for the medical technology.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 1998

Portfolio assessment provides many opportunities to foster children's creativity and to increase their responsibility for learning. few research study has been conducted in this area, and this assessment method has scarcely been administered in primary science class, Proper and effective use of portfolio assessment in our primary science class requires basic research on how to design and administer the method. Based on the earlier study on typical structures and components of portfolio assessment, the assessment instrument was developed on various primary science topics, The development team was consisted of one science education specialist and nine pre-service elementary school teachers. It takes ten months to develop instruments for 27 class hours. The development process was reciprocal in that development and revision cycle was repeated more than 7 times. The portfolio assessment instruments consist of instructional objectives, developers' evidence for the objectives, and assessment criteria. Adopting a new way of assessment into science class inevitably causes lots of confusions to teachers and children. The absence of basic research studies must be a critical barrier for successful administration of a new assessment method such as portfolio assessment. further research is required in the preparation and administration of portfolio assessment in our primary science classroom.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.459-468
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), a set of reference intake values, have served as a basis for guiding a balanced diet that promotes health and prevents disease in the general Korean population. In the process of developing DRIs, a systematic review has played an important role in helping the DRI committees make evidence-based and transparent decisions for updating the next DRIs. Thus, the 2015 KDRI steering committee applied the systematic review framework to the revision process of the KDRIs. The purpose of this article is to summarize the revision process for the 2015 KDRIs by focusing on the systematic review framework. MATERIALS/METHODS: The methods used to develop the systematic review framework for 2015 KDRIs followed the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Tufts Evidence-based Practice Center. The framework for systematic review of the 2015 KDRIs comprised of the 3 following steps: (1) development of an analytic framework and refinement of key questions and search terms; (2) literature search and data extraction; and, (3) appraisal of the literature and summarizing the results. RESULTS: A total of 203,237 studies were retrieved through the above procedure, with 2,324 of these studies included in the analysis. General information, main results, comments of reviewers, and results of quality assessment were extracted and organized by study design. The average points of quality appraisals were 3.0 (range, 0-5) points for intervention, 6.1 (0-9) points for cohort, 6.0 (3-9) points for nested case-control, 5.4 (1-8) points for case-control, 14.6 (0-22) points for cross-sectional studies, and 7.0 (0-11) points for reviews. CONCLUSIONS: Systematic review helped to establish the 2015 KDRIs as a useful tool for evidence-based approach. Collaborative efforts to improve the framework for systematic review should be continued for future KDRIs.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.47-54
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present evidence for quality management based on analysis of patient transportation and response intervals among emergency medical squads. Methods: The chi-square test was used to determine whether mental status and patient assessment affected direct medical control and hospital destination. One way analysis of variance was used to compare response intervals depending on mental status and patient assessment using data drawn from 1172 prehospital care reports. Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between mental status and direct medical control (p<.001); there was a statistically significant relationship between patient assessment and hospital destination (p=.011). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between mental status and hospital destination. The interval from arrival at the patient's side to departure from the scene showed a statistically significant difference (p<.001, p<.001), however, it took the longest time (16.8 minutes) in unresponsive patients. It showed a statistically significant difference (p<.001) in the interval from arrival at patient's side to departure from the scene depending on patient assessment; however, it took the longest time (9.6 minutes) in emergency patients. Conclusion: There was call for direct medical control based on patient assessment; however, patient transportation and response intervals were not appropriate.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.319-331
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate current criteria for insurance coverage by Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA) on the systemic therapy used in the treatment of advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), by reviewing all available clinical evidences including a variety of clinical practice guidelines. Methods: We searched clinical databases and collected data from published phase 1 through 3 randomized clinical trials on all systemic therapies used in RCC, including novel targeted therapies. Additionally, current clinical practice guidelines on the management of kidney cancer or RCC were reviewed. Based on the collected data we evaluated the appropriateness of the HIRA criteria for insurance coverage on the systemic therapy of RCC whether they are evidence-based and up to date. Results: On the basis of the collected data we concluded that there was a need for a revision in HIRA criteria for systemic therapy of RCC. Despite recent emerging therapeutic advances and changes in therapeutic strategies of management of RCC, some of anticancer regimens were inappropriately listed even though they were not proven to provide efficacy or safety superior to those of other therapies. We thus proposed an updated recommendation based on current clinical evidences. Conclusion: Systemic therapy of RCC is being rapidly changed with the advancement of understanding of the molecular biology of cancer. Consequently newly developed targeted therapies are becoming the standard therapy in the management of medically or surgically unresectable advanced or metastatic RCC. To provide effective and safe therapy to patients with RCC, the criteria for insurance coverage should be made carefully taking into consideration of most up-to-date and high-quality clinical evidences, and should be continuously reviewed so as to reflect evidence-based clinical practice.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.112-121
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• 2019

The purpose of the study was to determine whether a delirium educational program has a positive outcome on nurses' documentation in patient records of delirium care. A one group pre-post design was used. A convenient sample of 60 consecutive records that included documentation by participating nurses in four medical wards of one regional general hospital in South Korea was audited two months before and two months after a delirium educational program. Although an educational program in this study positively changed nurses' knowledge and attitudes, these positive effects did not translate to improvement in the documentations of delirium care. There was no significant increase in the frequency of nursing documentation of delirium assessment following participation in the educational program. Furthermore, there was no significant increase in the frequency of nursing documentation of the use of non-pharmacological management following the documentation of keywords associated with delirium after participation in the educational program. The findings indicate the need to develop, implement and record a systematic risk assessment for delirium and assessment and management of existing delirium based on evidence-based guidelines in clinical practice in South Korea.