• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제78권3호
• /
• pp.168-174
• /
• 2015

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is still a major threat worldwide. However, recent scientific advances in diagnostic and therapeutic tools have improved the management of drug-resistant TB. The development of rapid molecular testing methods allows for the early detection of drug resistance and prompt initiation of an appropriate treatment. In addition, there has been growing supportive evidence for shorter treatment regimens in multidrug-resistant TB; and for the first time in over 50 years, new anti-TB drugs have been developed. The World Health Organization has recently revised their guidelines, primarily based on evidence from a meta-analysis of individual patient data (n=9,153) derived from 32 observational studies, and outlined the recommended combination and correct use of available anti-TB drugs. This review summarizes the updated guidelines with a focus on the medical management of drug-resistant TB.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.129-138
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the current status of evidence-based research, education, and practice, and to suggest a directions for the future development of evidence-based nursing. Methods: To examine the current status of evidence-based nursing research, experimental research among studies published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed. We suggested a direction for the future development of evidence-based research based on the analysis and literature reviews. We also suggested a direction for the future development of evidence-based education and practice based on literature reviews. Results: The results showed that designs and methods of studies were insufficient to use evidences derived from the studies in terms of evidence-based research, and experimental studies consistent with themes were found to be deficient. In the future, the methods and rationale for the design of experimental studies need to be clearer In addition, a test for intervention effects through repetitive studies and a connection between the intervention effects and a protocol for clinical practice will be required. In terms of evidence-based education, curriculum revision and development of teaching methods including contents related to evidence-based practice and research methodology in undergraduate and graduate programs will be required. Evidence-based practice in Korea was less actively done than with that of foreign countries. Some large hospitals have recently attempted systemic activities to promote evidence-based nursing practice in clinical settings. To activate evidence-based practice, the perception of nurses for evidence-based practice needs to be changed and support for education and administration of the program is required. Also, evidence-based practice guidelines, protocols, and assessment tools need to be developed. Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing in Korea is in the process of evolving. To realize evidence-based nursing, we need to develop nursing science based on evidences of closer communication and cooperation in terms of nursing research, education, and practice.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.1.1-1.6
• /
• 2014

A growing body of evidence shows that most psychological traits are polygenic, that is they involve the action of many genes with small effects. However, the study of selection has disproportionately been on one or a few genes and their associated sweep signals (rapid and large changes in frequency). If our goal is to study the evolution of psychological variables, such as intelligence, we need a model that explains the evolution of phenotypes governed by many common genetic variants. This study illustrates simple statistical tools to detect signals of recent polygenic selection: a) ANOVA can be used to reveal significant deviation from random distribution of allele frequencies across racial groups. b) Principal component analysis can be used as a tool for finding a factor that represents the strength of recent selection on a phenotype and the underlying genetic variation. c) Method of correlated vectors: the correlation between genetic frequencies and the average phenotypes of different populations is computed; then, the resulting correlation coefficients are correlated with the corresponding alleles' genome-wide significance. This provides a measure of how selection acted on genes with higher signal to noise ratio. Another related test is that alleles with large frequency differences between populations should have a higher genome-wide significance value than alleles with small frequency differences. This paper fruitfully employs these tools and shows that common genetic variants exhibit subtle frequency shifts and that these shifts predict phenotypic differences across populations.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.181-214
• /
• 2022

Pediatric epilepsy, a chronic, recurrent brain disorder, is the most common neurological disorder in children. Its prevalence is increasing. Early management is very important since 30~40% of cases persist into adulthood. To provide basic data for future clinical research on pediatric epilepsy using Korean medicine treatment and cooperation between Western medicine doctors and Korean medicine doctors, we reviewed recent clinical research in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) using herbal medicine for pediatric epilepsy. A total of 23 articles (1 clinical practice guideline, 3 systematic reviews, 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 4 non-RCTs) were reviewed in this study. The authors summarized characteristics of included studies regarding study subjects, diagnostic tools, pattern identification tools, treatment period, evaluation tools, detail of herbal medicines, treatment effects, and adverse events. Combination therapy using both herbal medicine (HM) and anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) was performed more frequently than herbal medicine alone. Liver-pacifying medicinal, water-draining medicine, and orifice-opening medicine were frequently used. The main single HMs were Cheonma, Boglyeong, Jogudeung, and Seogchangpo. Combined therapy using HM and AEDs had significant benefits in improving total effective rate. It also appeared to be safer than AEDs. However, since the quality of clinical trials was poor and only studies in the last 10 years were included, the clinical evidence was uncertain. Finally, the authors provided limitations of this study and several suggestions for future research based on our analysis results.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• 제29권
• /
• pp.11.1-11.7
• /
• 2014

Objectives South Korea's air quality standards are insufficient in terms of establishing a procedure for their management. The current system lacks a proper decision-making process and prior evidence is not considered. The purpose of this study is to propose a measure for establishing atmospheric environmental standards in South Korea that will take into consideration the health of its residents. Methods In this paper, the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of the US was examined in order to suggest ways, which consider health effects, to establish air quality standards in South Korea. Up-to-date research on the health effects of air pollution was then reviewed, and tools were proposed to utilize the key results. This was done in an effort to ensure the reliability of the standards with regard to public health. Results This study showed that scientific research on the health effects of air pollution and the methodology used in the research have contributed significantly to establishing air quality standards. However, as the standards are legally binding, the procedure should take into account the effects on other sectors. Realistically speaking, it is impossible to establish standards that protect an entire population from air pollution. Instead, it is necessary to find a balance between what should be done and what can be done. Conclusions Therefore, establishing air quality standards should be done as part of an evidence-based policy that identifies the health effects of air pollution and takes into consideration political, economic, and social contexts.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.353-363
• /
• 2021

언택트(Untact) 시대로의 급속한 변화 속에서 협업 툴(Collaboration Tool)은 비대면 업무를 위한 디지털 솔루션으로써 그 활용도와 가치가 증대되고 있다. 협업 툴은 다양한 기능을 지원하는 한편, 그 편의성에 비례하여 정보 유출, 보안사고 등 디지털 범죄 및 사고우려 또한 내재되어 있어 디지털 포렌식 관점에서의 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 세계적으로 점유율이 가장 높은 협업 툴 Microsoft Teams에 대한 윈도우즈 및 안드로이드 포렌식 연구를 통해 주요 사용자 행위를 정의하고 각 행위들을 수행한 뒤 의미 있는 아티팩트가 존재하는지 확인하였다. 이후 각 운영환경에서 획득 가능한 아티팩트를 비교·분석하고 여기에서의 차이점을 바탕으로 한 차분 포렌식(differential forensic)을 통해 협업 툴 분석기법 및 수사 시나리오 등 활용 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양정보통신학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.287-290
• /
• 2011

스마트폰에서 동기화 기능은 디폴트(default)값으로 설정되어 있다. 동기화가 설정된 스마트폰은 스마트폰 전용 케이블을 이용해 PC에 연결되면 자동적으로 스마트폰 데이터가 백업되어 저장된다. 이 백업 데이터는 일반적인 기술로는 내용을 분석하기가 어려워서 포렌식 기술을 적용하여야 범죄용의자의 정보를 알아낼 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 동기화 스마트폰의 백업 데이터에 대한 포렌식 분석을 통한 포렌식 증거자료에 대한 연구를 한다. 실험실 환경에서 스마트폰에 개인 금융정보를 보내고, 스마트폰을 훼손하였다고 가정하에 실험을 한다. 스마트폰의 백업 데이터를 포렌식 툴을 사용하여 개인 금융정보 및 범죄 연관 데이터를 분석하고, 포렌식 기술을 적용하여 법정 증거자료로 채택되도록 연구한다. 본 논문을 통해 스마트폰 포렌식 분석에 대한 기초자료로 활용 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to systematically review the correlation between hand dexterity and cognitive function in the elderly, and summarize various evaluation tests and results analysis methods for manual dexterity tests applied to this population. Methods : We searched published studies in the Korean Studies Information Service System and PubMed databases from January 2013 to March 2023. The main keywords used were "dexterity," "fine motor," "elderly," "cognitive function," and "correlation." A total of 10 studies were selected for analysis from the 1,524 searched articles. The included studies consisted of a cohort study, a longitudinal study, and eight cross-sectional studies which were analyzed for patients, intervention, comparison, and outcomes. Results : Analyzing the qualitative level of 10 studies, 8 articles (80%) were non-randomized two-group studies that provided level II evidence whereas the remaining 2 studies (20%) were non-randomized single-group studies (level III evidence). Therefore, these results indicated that the level of evidence in this field is generally high. The Purdue pegboard test was the most commonly used evaluation test for manual dexterity, and velocity speed was the most frequently employed analysis method. Results indicated that there were significant differences in manual dexterity test between the normal elderly, those with mild cognitive impairment, or dementia. Conclusions : These results can be used as a basis for selecting dexterity test evaluation items and methods to analyze it in the elderly while screening for cognitive impairment. In addition, this study highlights potential areas for future research on the development of manual dexterity evaluation tools and techniques for analysis and the need for more reliable and valid methods for assessing cognitive function in the elderly.

• East Asian Economic Review
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.167-188
• /
• 2015

The objective of this study is to obtain a better understanding of the current rice production condition in Myanmar through efficiency analysis, especially, to examine the impact of farm mechanization on Myanmar rice production efficiency. For representation of efficiency and the determinants, this paper uses both the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the stochastic frontier approach (SFA) with variable returns to scale on Myanmar rice production. The efficiency of the rice production was estimated and subsequently the determinants factors were investigated based on the estimated efficiency level of these sample farmers. The empirical evidence finds that farm mechanical tools significantly improve the Myanmar rice production efficiency.

• 산업융합연구
• /
• 제20권7호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2022

경쟁우위 확보를 위해 인적자원을 효율적이고 효과적으로 활용하는 인사관리가 필요하다는 인식이 빠르게 확산하고 있다. 팬데믹으로 인해 노동시장과 근로환경이 빠르게 변화하는 상황에서 기업현장에서는 데이터와 같은 근거에 기반한 인사관리에 대한 관심이 확산하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기업현장에서 인사관리 직무를 수행하고 있는 전문가의 인식에 초점을 두고 데이터 기반 인사관리 실행과 활용 전도에 관해 확인하고자 한다. 연구대상은 경기도 판교에 소재한 IT 서비스 개발/제공 전문기업 3개사 인사기획/관리 직무전문가 3명으로 선정하였으며, 데이터 기반 인사관리 실행현황, 측정/분석 도구와 활용도 수준 파악 등에 집중하였다. 연구방법으로는 근거이론 기반의 개방코딩, 축코딩, 선택코딩 절차를 활용하였다. 심층면담을 통한 연구결과, 기업의 인사관리 측정지표는 사람, 생산성, 문화의 세 영역으로 나누어지며, 활용도가 높은 지표를 영역별로 구분할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 연구대상 기업이 어떠한 측정도구와 메커니즘을 통해 인사관리 기능을 실행하고 있으며, 인사관리 실행 효과성과 효율성을 측정, 분석, 활용에 관한 기업현장의 인식을 확인할 수 있었다.