• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.494-497
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• 2022

Recently, the damage caused by flash floods caused by extreme weather due to global warming is increasing. In order to reduce the damage, this paper conducted a study on the search for the shortest route of an evacuation route due to a flash flood. For this, we implemented a route search system using GIS and shape files including buildings and roads and Dijkstra's algorithm. In this study, the location of users close to the point where the flash flood occurs is identified, and the evacuation route is searched from the starting point to the destination point without passing through the dangerous point. Evacuate out of the test bed, or designate a building in the test bed as an evacuation shelter, and search for a route to the nearest evacuation shelter. Accordingly, it is expected that human damage will be reduced by providing the shortest evacuation route.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

This study analyzes the institutional status related to 'evacuation' and 'firefighting' in underground subway stations, derives institutional limitations for 'evacuation' in underground subway stations, and proposes guidelines in terms of architectural space based on this. As a result of the study, the following points were derived. First, since similar standards are separately enacted in individual laws and it is difficult to grasp the standards and they are dualized, it is necessary to standardize and regulate the space where users stay according to the movement of urban railway users, limited to urban railways. Second, in order to use trains, a special procedure called 'ticketing' must be considered, and regulations on evacuation safety zones and evacuation stairs between the waiting room and the platform are required. Finally, if there is a platform at a depth of more than 30m underground, it is necessary to install an evacuation floor in accordance with standards similar to the current building law.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.243-244
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• 2016

From the viewpoint of ICT-based disaster prevention design, evacuation route planning is one of the hot topics to be solved. Since we have quite a lot of natural disasters these days, its role has become important more and more than before. In order to deal with this tough problem, a genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted, and a revised selection procedure for preserving variety of individuals in each generation is introduced. As a result of some computer simulations applied to Hizen-Hamashuku, one of the model areas in this research project, it is found that the proposed method is effective.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.109-114
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• 2009

At the present time, buildings are designed higher and more complex than ever before. Therefore the potential disasters are happened such as fire, power outage, earthquake, flood, hurricanes. Their disasters require people inside buildings to be evacuated as soon as possible. This paper presents a new disaster evacuation guidance concept of inner buildings, whiche aims at integrated the constructing of a sensor network and a guidance light networks in order to provide a quick detection of disasters and accurate evacuation guidance based on indoor geo-information, and sends these instructions to people. In this paper, we present the integrated logical model based on sensor and guidance light networks for the fire disaster management in inner building using our concept. And we verify proposed logical model according to experiments with visualization and operations on map.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.133-138
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to present an alternative plan in order to reduce the required time to flee from the inside of the gosiwon in danger. The data were derived from changing the width of corridors and emergency exits and the number of stairs in the building EXODUS, which is computer simulation program, The analyzed conclusions from the data are following as below (1) Increasing the exits and the number of stairs are efficient to reduce the accumulated time for standing by. (2) Increasing the number of stairs is efficient to decrease the distance to get out of the building to exit. (3) Increasing the number of stairs is efficient to reduce the time to get out of the building to exit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.637-650
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• 2014

Geospatial research on emergency response in multi-level micro-spatial environments (e.g., multi-story buildings) that aims at understanding and analyzing human movements at the micro level has increased considerably since 9/11. Past research has shown that reducing the time rescuers needed to reach a disaster site within a building (e.g., a particular room) can have a significant impact on evacuation and rescue outcomes in this kind of disaster situations. With the purpose developing emergency response systems that are capable of using complex real-time geospatial information to generate fast-changing scenarios, this study develops a Spatiotemporal Optimal Route Algorithm (SORA) for guiding rescuers to move quickly from various entrances of a building to the disaster site (room) within the building. It identifies the optimal route and building evacuation bottlenecks within the network in real-time emergency situations. It is integrated with a Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) based tracking system in order to monitor dynamic geospatial entities, including the dynamic capacities and flow rates of hallways per time period. Because of the limited scope of this study, the simulated data were used to implement the SORA and evaluate its effectiveness for performing 3D topological analysis. The study shows that capabilities to take into account detailed dynamic geospatial data about emergency situations, including changes in evacuation status over time, are essential for emergency response systems.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2012

Indoor fire simulators have been used to analyse building safety in the events of emergency evacuation. These applications are primarily focused on simulating evacuation behaviors for the purpose of checking building structural problems in normal time rather than in real time situations. Therefore, they have limitations in handling real-time evacuation events with the following reasons. First, the existing models mostly experiment the artificial situations using randomly generated evacuees while real world requires actual data. Second, they take too long time in operation to generate real time data. Third, they do not produce optimal results to be used in rescueing or evacuation guidance. In order to solve these limitations, we suggest a method to build an evacuation simulation system that can be used in real-world emergency situations. The system performs numerous simulations in advance according to varying distributions of occupants. Then the resulting data are stored in DBMS. The actual person data captured in infrared sensor network are compared with the simulation data in DBMS and the querried data most closely is provided to the user. The developed system is tested using a campus building and the suggested processes are illustrated.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.43-55
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• 2013

Recently, the research to visualize and to reproduce evacuation situations such as terrorism, the disaster and fire indoor space has been come into the spotlight and designing a model for interior space and reliable analysis through safety evaluation of the life is required. Therefore, this paper aims to develop simulation model which is able to suggest evacuation route guidance and safety analysis by considering the major risk factor of fire in actual building. First of all, we designed 3D-based fire and evacuation model at a subway station building in Incheon and performed fire risk analysis through thermal parameters on the basis of interior materials supplied by Incheon Transit Corporation. In order to evaluate safety of a life, ASET (Available Safe Egress Time), which is the time for occupants to endure without damage, and RSET (Required Safe Egress Time) are calculated through evacuation simulation by Fire Dynamics Simulator. Finally, we can come to the conclusion that a more realistic safety assessment is carried out through indoor space model based on 3-dimension building information and simulation analysis applied by safety guideline for measurement of fire and evacuation risk.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.196-205
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• 2016

Background: The emergency planning zone (EPZ) of the city of Busan is divided into the precautionary actions zone (PAZ) and the urgent protective action planning zone; which have a 5-km radius and a 20-km to 21-km radius from the nuclear power plant site, respectively. In this study, we assumed that a severe accident occurred at Shin-Kori nuclear unit 3 and evaluated the dispersion speed of radiological material at each distance at various wind speeds, and estimated the effective dose equivalent and the evacuation time of PAZ residents with the goal of supporting off-site emergency action planning for the nuclear site. Materials and Methods: The total effective dose equivalent, which shows the effect of released radioactive materials on the residents, was evaluated using the RASCAL 4.2 program. In addition, a survey of 1,036 residents was performed using a standardized questionnaire, and the resident evacuation time according to road and distance was analyzed using the VISSIM 6.0 program. Results and Discussion: According to the results obtained using the VISSIM and RASCAL programs, it would take approximately 80 to 252.2 minutes for permanent residents to move out of the PAZ boundary, 40 to 197.2 minutes for students, 60 to 232.2 minutes for the infirm, such as elderly people and those in a nursing home or hospital, and 30 to 182.2 minutes for those temporarily within the area. Consequently, in the event of any delay in the evacuation, it is estimated that the residents would be exposed to up to $10mSv{\cdot}h^{-1}$ of radiation at the Exclusion Area Boundaries (EAB) boundary and $4-6mSv{\cdot}h^{-1}$ at the PAZ boundary. Conclusion: It was shown that the evacuation time for the residents is adequate in light of the time lapse from the initial moment of a severe accident to the radiation release. However, in order to minimize the evacuation time, it is necessary to maintain a system of close collaboration to avoid traffic congestion and spontaneous evacuation attempts.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.535-546
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• 2019

The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship between human risk factors and evacuation behavior stages for tunnel safety. Therefore, we conducted a survey using a structured questionnaire on the relationship between safety facilities and safety behavior in order to derive an optimized interaction between the two. The research subjects were 141 tunnel users who understand the tunnel environment. The survey period was from June 24, 2018, to September 28, 2018. As data analysis methods, we employed a frequency analysis, a multiple regression analysis, and an independent-sample t-test. In the analysis of the correlation between the human risk factors and the major variables of evacuation behavior, the evacuation phases 1, 2, and 3 were all correlated with acceleration and delay, and the human risk factors were partially correlated. In the multiple regression analysis, the will to comply with laws (${\beta}=0.188$, p=0.034) and information recognition within the tunnel (${\beta}=0.220$, p=0.009) were factors that influence the relationship between human risk factors and evacuation behavior, indicating 12% explanatory power of the impact of human risk factors for the acceleration of evacuation behavior 3. The important variables between human risk factors and evacuation behavior were compliance with laws and information recognition in tunnels. Hence, it is necessary to study the elements that interact with the environment in the tunnel.