• 대한건축학회연합논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to present an analysis model for finding the correlation between visibility and evacuation time as users move in the outpatient department of the general hospital. The spatial scope of the study was limited to the first floor and second floor which are used for the outpatient department. Traffic density in outpatient departments was surveyed on site. Based on the surveyed traffic density, the evacuation simulation model was established for calculating the escape route and evacuation time for an individual user. The traffic density of the outpatient department as per the evacuation time was also calculated. With using evacuation simulations, the flow of evacuees was calculated through the density of traffic over the time of evacuation. Visibility data were set in the simulation model for users' escape routes. A correlation analysis between the product of evacuation flow measure and visibility measure of the evacuation population and evacuation time was performed. The analysis result showed negative correlation within a specific distance range. This study presented an analysis model showing that the evacuation condition considering spatial visibility in the outpatient department of general hospital visibility was negatively related to the analyzed evacuation time at the design stage.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 침수된 계단 흐름의 변화에 따른 인명의 대피 안전성을 분석하기 위하여 실규모의 계단 수로 모형을 제작하여 수리 실험을 수행하였다. 실험에서는 계단 각각의 단에서의 수심과 유속을 측정하였으며 이를 이용하여 단위 폭당 비력을 산출하였다. 그리고 산출된 단위 폭당 비력 값을 이용하여 침수된 계단 흐름의 변화에 따른 구간별 대피 안전성을 제시하였다. 실험을 통해 측정된 수심 값과 Ishigaki의 단위 폭당 비력에 따른 대피 안전성 그래프를 결합하여 분석한 결과 계단 흐름 수심 0.20 m 이상에서는 도움 없이 성인 남성의 대피가 어려운 것이 확인되었으며, 수심 0.15 m 이상에서는 성인 여성과 노인 남성이 도움 없이 대피가 어려운 것으로 확인되었다. 노인 여성의 경우 수심 0.13 m 이상에서 도움 없이 대피가 어려운 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2021

Despite advances in technology, crushing accidents still occur during emergency evacuations of crowded public spaces. To prevent crushing accidents, it is necessary to understand the flow of pedestrians during evacuation scenarios through experiments. Since experiments with humans can generate real accidents, we performed experiments on rodents to approximate human behavior. To trigger an emergency evacuation response, we applied electrical stimulation to the feet of the rodents. Although electrical stimulation has been applied to mice in many experiments, studies on the intensity and pattern of electric stimulation required to evoke a rapid evacuation response in mice is still lacking. In this study, we experimentally investigated how the evacuation flow of mice changes according to the amplitude, event, and duration of electric stimulation.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.142-147
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• 2009

In the present study, a numerical simulation of passenger evacuation in a subway station was performed. Algorithm for passenger flow analysis based on DEM(Discrete Element Method) has been improved to simulate passenger flow in detailed geometry. The effect of grid density was assessed in the present study to show the advantage of using finer grid in the simulation. The method of coupling passenger flow and fire simulation has also been investigated to analyze passenger evacuation flow under fire. In this method the CO distributions in the subway station was used to assess fire hazards of passenger by means of FED(Fractional Effective Dose) model. Using the coupled algorithm a simulation for passenger evacuation flow and fire analysis were performed simultaneously in the simplified subway station. This algorithm could be used in the design of subway station for the purpose of passengers' safety in case of fire.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.446-450
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• 2008

Urban transits of metropolises have been used by many citizens due to the merits of environment friendly traffic, mass transportation, safety and scheduled operation. It is very important to keep safety for the increased passengers. When the accidents as like fire occur, rapid evacuation from fire site is one of the most effective methods to decrease casualties. Furthermore, overseas buyers sometimes request the verification results of the passenger evacuation from rolling stock. In this study, algorithm for passenger flow analysis based on DEM(Discrete Element Method) is newly developed and made simulation program package. And, we applied it to the evacuation problem for urban transits. By using the developed program, we compared the simulation results of the effects of the location and size of door and elapsed time qualitatively and quantitatively.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2016년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.239-240
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• 2016

Traditional town with wooden houses like Japanese historic local town is vulnerable to disaster. Wooden houses crowed in this study area, there is no gap between buildings and buildings. When disaster occurs, they can not use evacuation routes based on the value of probability of rubble flow. Disaster prevention design of traditional town using spatial information for residents is a modern idea in the field of disaster prevention study. Therefore, it is basically important and effective to create information, especially on the current situation such as dangerousness of the area. Here, we report on a disaster prevention design regarding probability of street blockade and probability of rubble flow at a large earthquake directly under our study area. In this study, we explain about necessity of temporary evacuation areas like open space. As a result, we found some ideas to secure evacuation routes from traditional houses to designated refuge places using temporary evacuation areas.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2004

The effects of casting condition and hot melt glue during Lost Foam Casting were investigated on the fluidity of Al alloy melt. The fluidity increased linearly with increasing pouring temperature in thick castings but non-linearly in thin casting due to the difference in main heat flow direction. The metal flow velocity was in range of $0.5{\sim}2.7$ cm/s in no evacuation condition and the minimum value of it was measured after the melt flow through the hot melt barrier. The mold evacuation improved the metal flow velocity by around $0.5{\sim}1$ cm/s. And the reaction zone layer thickness was about 1 cm in no-evacuation conditions but about 0.6 cm in mold evacuation condition of 710 torr due to the easier removal of pyrolsis product of EPS. And hot melt barrier thickness of 0.6 mm increased the reaction zone layer thickness up to about 2.5 cm. The fluidity decreased remarkably with an enlarged thickness of hot melt due to a lot of pyrolysis products.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2015년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.7-8
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• 2015

Analysis of evacuation routes for traditional buildings is important. In this study, we considered the evacuation routes using the probability of building collapse and analyzed the open space of traditional town. We considered evacuation routes from traditional houses to designated refuge places, and analysis the relationship of open space and evacuation routes.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 특정의 업무용 건축물에 대해서 화재 및 피난 시나리오를 선정하여 FAST 3.1.7(전실화재 예측), SIMULEX 32-bit(피난시간의 예측), JASMINE 3.25d(특정시간까지의 연기 유동성 평가)등의 S/W를 이용하여 이를 평가했으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. Scenario #1 결과, 화재실에서 전실화재가 발생하지 않았고, 층 피난시간은 25.2 sec로 나타났으며 이때까지의 FAST 3.1.7결과에서 연기층은 2.4m를 기록, 연기유동성 평가에서도 재실자들은 연기의 피해(가시거리, 독성)없이 피난이 완료될 것으로 나타났다. Scenario #2 결과, 화재실에서 6 min 33.2 sec에 전실화재가 발생했으며, 수계산에 의한 피난시간은 5 min 23sec로 나타났다. 본 대상건물에 대해서 선정한 Scenario #1, #2 모두 인명안전설계는 적정하게 설계되었다고 판단된다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.687-698
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• 2011

In this study, it was analyzed by a numerical analysis that plan/design considerations for ensuring the spectator safety of large arena audiences in a fire emergency evacuation plan. The latest issue, the 'performance-based design', fire and evacuation plan is important. But nowadays 'Specification-based design' is in common. In evacuation simulation, congestion of exit and aisle is ignored because only evacuation time of large-space is mainly analyzed. In smoke flow,'smoke filling effect' tends to be overrated. From now on, when design a field house, it is needed not 'smoke filling effect' and 'large-space evacuation' analysis, but analyzing 'whole building evacuation time' for ensuring fire evacuation safety of spectator.