• Asian review of World Histories
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.201-218
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• 2015

World history today has been greatly influenced by the fact that it was the revolution in naval power during the past two centuries that made the world truly global. This has led to a new master narrative that re-framed five millennia of recorded history in order to explain the ultimate triumph of the maritime economies. The result of such revision is to underestimate and distort the role of continental Eurasia in the shaping of the three key civilizations that developed independently and remain distinct: the Mediterranean, the Indic and the Sinic. Only by a fuller reappraisal of the linkages of trade and war dominated by the Eurasian central forces for most of history can we understand the global pressures perennially at work. By setting the continental and the maritime in their total historical context and recognizing their importance today, we can better explain what is happening and what is likely to continue to influence the course of world history.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.100-103
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• 2012

Nutria Myocastor coypus is one of a well known invasive riparian mammal found species around world from North America to Eurasia and Africa. In South Korea, feral nutrias inhabit areas from the Nakdonggang and Namgang (River) to their tributaries and Upo Wetland where they have had devastating effects on environment. Nevertheless, there has been little research about nutrias in Korea. This study is to analyze the genetic structure of the nutria population in the Upo Wetland and identify the origin of the source populations. Twenty individuals from the Upo Wetland were genotyped using 25 microsatellite loci. When compared with another introduced population, that of the Blackwater Nation Wildlife Refuge in U.S., the Upo population contains considerable genetic variations. Tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Bayesian clustering analysis suggest the Upo population is genetically structured and has at least two source populations. This preliminary study presents the need for further in-depth studies about this species which should combine genetic and ecological studies.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2008

Paleoenvironmental evolution in South Korea is investigated on the basis of fluctuations in biogenic silica content in sediments from Cheollipo coast on western shore. The biogenic silica measurement was done by alkaline extraction technique. The concentration of the biogenic silica in the Cheollipo coastal sediments is generally low, with an average of 1.2 %. The proxy of biogenic silica records in Cheollipo sediments implies the significant difference of bio-productivity on Korean Peninsula in comparison with those in lacustrine sediments in interior terrestrial continent of the Eurasia.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2016

South Korea and Mongolia are both the member countries of the World Trade Organization, but neither was the country with FTA. Nowadays, South Korea widely concludes the FTA with other countries, and the trade area has extended toward the neighboring continents and seas. Mongolia is a country with smallest economic entity but large in area and with abundant underground resources. And it's a main strategic zone of Eurasia. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Mongolia began to turn to market economy, and eagerly made effort to open and reform. With the expanse of trade and economy cooperation between South Korea and Mongolia, Mongolia started its sea road expanding. And the south Korea went to inland to get the necessary resources. Both of them feed its needs and obtain its profits.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.176-176
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• 2021

한반도의 강수를 예측하는 것은 수자원 관리 측면에서 매우 중요하다. 한반도의 강수는 연별 변동 뿐 아니라 계절별로 변동을 갖는다. 우리는 이 중 건기(Dry period)의 가뭄과 그 이후 농번기(3월, 4월)에 영향을 미치는 초겨울(11월, 12월)의 강수를 예측은 수자원 관리에 있어서 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 Regularized regression 모형인 Elastic net model을 이용하여 중장기 (7개월 이상)기반으로 초겨울의 강우 예측의 가능성에 대해서 논하고자 한다. 특히, 본 연구에서는 우리나라의 초겨울 강우의 변동이 대서양의 대규모의 대기 순환과 밀접한 관계를 보이는 것을 확인하였으며 이를 논하기 위해서 Sea Surface Temperature (SST) 등의 자료를 사용하여 분석하였다. 이 시간적 지체 효과를 갖고 있는 대기 순환은 Eurasia 지역을 기반으로 횡적인 순환과 관련이 깊은 것으로 파악되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 앞으로 우리나라의 가뭄관리에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-83
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• 1986

Oriented hand samples were collected from Gobangsan Formation and Nogam Formation in the north of Danyang and south of Yeongchun, from Bansong Group in and around Danyang, from Nampo Group in Chungnam Coalfield, from Gyeongsang Supergroup distributed from Waegwan through Daegu to Gyeongsan and from Daegu to Goryong, and from volcanic flows in Jeongog area and Jeju Island to study the paleomagnetism of southern Korea since Permian. Stepwise alternating field and thermal demagnetization experiments were carried out to determine optimum fields and temperatures. Observed mean paleomagnetic directions are as follows: $D=331.5^{\circ}$, $I=25.1^{\circ}$, $a95=12.8^{\circ}$ for Permian, $D=325.6^{\circ}$, $I=46.1^{\circ}$, $a95=11.8^{\circ}$ for Triassic, $D=313.4^{\circ}$, $I=43.1^{\circ}$, $a95=16.0^{\circ}$ for early Jurassic, $D=41.3^{\circ}$, $I=64.6^{\circ}$, $a95=4.5^{\circ}$ for early Cretaceous, $D=28.3^{\circ}$, $I=58.1^{\circ}$, $a95=2.3^{\circ}$ for late Cretaceous, $D=2.0^{\circ}$, $I=55.8^{\circ}$, $a95=6.6^{\circ}$for Quaternary. To describe the tectonic translocation of southern Korean block, northern Eurasian continental block was used as a reference frame. For each age since Permian the expected northern Eurasian field directions in terms of paleolatitude and declination were calculated. The paleolatitudes of Permian ($13.2^{\circ}N$) and early Jurassic ($25.1^{\circ}N$) obtained from the study area are quite different from those of Permian ($66.0^{\circ}N$) and early Jurassic ($68.1^{\circ}N$) which are expected for northern Eurasia. The declinations of Permian ($331.5^{\circ}$) and early Jurassic ($313.4^{\circ}$) are also quite different from those of the Permian ($56.6^{\circ}$) and the early Jurassic ($47.5^{\circ}$) expected for northern Eurasia. The Cretaceous paleolatitude is similar to the expected within error limit, but the declination for the same period is significantly different from that of the expected for the northern Eurasia. From the above evidences it is suggested that the south Korean land mass had moved from low latitude in Permian to north and sutured to northern continental block since early Jurassic. The relative rotations of early Cretaceous($27.4^{\circ}$) and late Cretaceous($10.8^{\circ}$) to northern Eurasian continent reveal that the Korean land mass might be rotated clockwise in two different times, probably in late Early Cretaceous and in Tertiary.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-78
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• 2006

We call this world network society. Logistics is one of important network systems which connect people, materials and information. The World Economy Conditions of 21st Century has been Changed so rapidly. These Changes are more conspicuous in Northeast Asia than other Regions. China, North Korea and Russia have reformed their Economical and Social Systems, which enlarged the Trade Volume and Traffic Demand in this Area and between Europe. The Railway System Crossing the Eurasia Continent, such as TSR(Trans Siberian Railway), TCR(Trans China Railway), TMR(Trans Manchuria Railway), TMGR(Trans Mongolia Railway) and TKR(Trans Korea Railway), have been becoming very important to enhance the International Transportation efficiency and to connect each continents by International Railways. This Paper investigated and surveyed the logistical Environments surrounding this Korea Peninsula. And concerned with the Crossing Continents Railway, TSR,TCR(TMR, TMGR), TKR, operating Conditions and Tasks that must be considered and solved were also investigated. Especially the Current Logistical Conditions of China, Russia, and North Korea and their Problems were surveyed. And the SWOT of these Railways were analyzed and compared. The Visions and Goals of these Inter-Continental Railways were suggested in terms of their Rationalization of Operations and efficient Connections among many Countries. Not only the Policies and Strategies/Tactics which should be considered but also and Many detail countermeasures which should be introduced and adopted were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2000

Crustal velocities around the Korea peninsula are estimated and investigated from eight IGS permanent stations in eastern Asia area. GPS data for the period of May 1995 to December 1991 were analyzed to estimate daily coordinates of each site relative to TAEJ site. The velocity vector of each site is estimated from linear regression analysis with time series of coordinates. As the result, horizontal velocity components for four stations(Tsukuba, Usuda,Taiwan and Shanghai) using thirty-two months data were estimated with the standard error less than 1 mm/year. Our GPS velocity of six sites on the interiors of the Eurasia plate are similar within 1 cm/year with small differences respectively. On the other hand, the velocities of Tsukuba and Usuda showed the great differences from the other six sites. This can be explained by the fact that these two sites are enforced by the surrounding four plates, such as the Pacific, Eurasia, North America and Philipine plate. This study showed that the distance between Korea and Japan is shortened with the rate of 3 cm per year.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.269-277
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• 2008

Siberian flying squirrel, an endangered species in South Korea, is distributed through major mountain regions of South Korea. The number of Siberian flying squirrel(Pteromys volans) in South Korea has decreased and their habitats are fragmented and isolated because of anthropogenic activities. So far no molecular genetic data has, however, been available for their conservation and management. To obtain better information concerning genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of the Siberian flying squirrel in South Korea, we examined 14 individuals from South Korea, 7 individuals from Russia, and 5 individuals from northeastern China along with previously published 29 haplotypes for 1,140 bp of the mtDNA cytochrome b gene. The 14 new individuals from South Korea had 7 haplotypes which were not observed in the regions of Russia and Hokkaido. The level of genetic diversity(0.616%) in the South Korean population was lower than that in eastern Russia(0.950%). The geographical distribution of mtDNA haplotypes and reduced median network confirmed that there are three major lineages of Siberian flying squirrel, occupying; Far Eastern, northern Eurasia, and the island of Hokkaido. The South Korean population only slightly distinct from the Eurasia, and eastern Russian population, and is part of the lineage Far Eastern. Based on these, we suggest that the South Korean population could be considered to belong to one partial ESU(Far Eastern) of three partial ESUs but a different management unit. However, the conservation priorities should be reconfirmed by nuclear genetic marker and ecological data.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.154-165
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• 2015

Common issues in research and policy on cultural heritage can be extracted among Eurasian countries although countries in the region show different colors of policies and studies. Among them one thing peculiar to Central Asian countries is that in general they do not have well delineated laws and regulations on the protection of cultural heritage. It may be because they had no enough time and experience to legislate and implement relevant laws and regulations ever since they got independence. Research on cultural heritage in Central Asian countries is often made in cooperation with foreign institutions. As shown in archaeological excavation projects in Central Asian countries, cooperative projects exceed noncooperative ones in terms of size and longevity. UNESCO, through its projects on the Serial and Transboundary World Heritage Nomination of the Silk Roads in Central Asia, also supports countries in Central Asia and others along the Silk Road in order to facilitate inclusion of their cultural heritages in the Tentative List of the World Heritage. With regard to activities on the protection of cultural heritage, while respective countries in Central Asia have made good efforts, they could not produce effective outcomes due to short of budget and specialized manpower. They have rich resources of cultural and documentary heritage but their registered heritages on the UNESCO's World Heritage List and Memory of the World are under-represented because of short of technology and experience among other things. A new trend in cultural heritage studies that combined cultural heritage with tourism has merged in recent years. While some critics have raised some negative questions, this new fashion became popular and will continue with the support of governments of Silk Road countries. In conclusion, Korean institutions are further encouraged to organize cooperative networks for research and policy with respective Eurasian countries.