• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 2013

Atopic dermatitis is a recurrent or chronic eczematous skin disease with severe pruritus and has annually increased in Korea. In this study, we investigated whether Duchesnea chrysantha (Dc) extracts have an anti-inflammatory effect in human monocytic THP-1 cells and human eosinophilic EoL-1 cells. The dried and powdered whole plants of Dc were extracted with 80% EtOH (Dc-1). The residue was diluted with water, and then successively partitioned with n-hexane, EtOAc, and BuOH to produce the n-hexane (Dc-2), EtOAc (Dc-3), BuOH (Dc-4), and the water-soluble fractions (Dc-5), respectively. The mite extract and LPS increased the production of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in THP-1 cells and the increase was strongly suppressed by Dc-3 extract, as compare with other extracts. Dc-3 also inhibited the release of IL-6 increased by mite extract and LPS in EoL-1 cells. However, Dc-3 extract increased IL-8 production induced by the mite extract and LPS in EoL-1 cells. These results suggest that Dc extract may be used as anti-inflammatory agents in treating allergic disorders such as asthma and atopic dermatitis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the change of antioxidant activity and ingredient in 4 species medicinal plant by processing. As a result, EtOAc extract and n-BuOH extract obtained from Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma and processed Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma showed difference on the experiment of antioxidant activity by DPPH method. Change of ingredient also was confirmed by TLC and HPLC analyses. Two main compounds of antioxidant activity change were isolated by column chromatography from the EtOAc extract and n-BuOH extract of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma. The chemical structure of the compound 1 isolated from EtOAc extract of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma was elucidated as 2'-acetylacteoside by means of IR and NMR analyses. Also, the chemical structure of the compound 2 isolated from n-BuOH extract of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma was confirmed as acteoside. The antioxidant activity of processed Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma. was declined by 3 time decrements of 2'-acetylacteoside such as 1.89 mg/g to 0.62 mg/g and 2 time decrements of acteoside such as 5.81 mg/g to 2.67 mg/g by processing.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2010

Caesalpinia sappan L. has long been commonly used in oriental folk medicines to treat diseases. To investigate the antibacterial effects from C. sappan L. heart wood, the MeOH soluble extract was successively fractionated by using hexane, $CHC1_3$, EtOAc, BuOH, MeOH, and $H_2O$. Among of these extracts, the EtOAc fraction which partitioned to 3.94% of the highest yields was to be the most active against all human pathogenic bacteria in this experiment. In addition, the antibacterial activities of the EtOAc fraction were more effective against Gram (+) bacteria compared to those against Gram (-) bacteria, which showed difference of the antibacterial activities against Gram (-) bacteria. To confirm the identity of the active substances, the EtOAc fraction was further separated by silica gel adsorption column, high performance liquid chromatography, and 98.48% purity of brazilin (1.67 mg)/EtOAc (10 mg) fraction was obtained from 300 g of C. sappan L. heart wood. The isolated active substance was a single compound of yellow crystalline, and was identified as brazilin ($C_{16}H_{14}O_5$) by MS, and $^lH$-NMR and $^{13}C$-NMR. These results suggest that the brazilin in the EtOAc fraction from MeOH extract of C. sappan L. has a potential as a natural therapeutic agent against human pathogenic Gram (+) bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.35 no.3 s.138
• /
• pp.203-206
• /
• 2004

Effects of the EtOH extract from Pelvetia siliquosa on $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity as well as streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats were investigated. The EtOH extract was found to cause an inhibition of the rise in the transaminase activities in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. Also, the EtOH extract exhibited a rat lens aldose reductase inhibition in vitro and showed an inhibition of not only glucose concentrations but also sorbitol accumulations in the lenses, red blood cells and sciatic nerves in the STZ-induced diabetic rats in vivo. These results suggested that this plant might possess hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic activities.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 1973

In order to establish the chemical standards for the quality control of ginsentgextract, an approach for the assay of sapogenin contents in the part of main roots and fibrous side roots was performed by combination of preparative thin layer chromotographic procedure and vanillin-$H_{2}SO_{4}$ color reaction. The contents of dammarane aglycones as funcction of dammarane glycosides in 80%-EtOH extracts were analyzed by the method from the main roots and fibrous side roots of Korean ginseng grown for 4-6 years. The differences by their grown ages in the contents of dammarane glycosides, in the ratio of panaxadiol to panaxatriol contents, and in the mounts of 80% EtOH extract were not significant in the parts of main roots and fibrous side roots of Korean gingeng. Differences due to the part for medicinal uses were highly significant in all parameters mentioned, showing following results ; in the main roots ; 80% EtOH extract, 12.7-15.7 % : the ratio of aglycone composition, 0.955-1.012 : dammarane glycoside (as diglucoside bases), 1.537-1.863 ; in fibrous isde roots ; 80% EtOH extract, 26.0-26.02% : dammarane glycoside, 4.767-5.641 : the ratio, 1.456-1.50.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.67 no.2
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2023

In this study were evaluated the whitening and anti-oxidative activities from the extracts of Sorbus alnifolia branches, and identified the chemical structures of the active ingredients. In the whitening tests using α-MSH stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells, the 70% ethanol extract and n-butanol (n-BuOH) fractions concentration-dependently inhibited cellular melanogenesis and intracellular tyrosinase activities without causing cell toxicity. The total polyphenol content of n-BuOH and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions were measured to be respectively 241.1 ± 1.1 and 222.9 ± 2.4 (mg/g GAE), and the total flavonoid content of EtOAc fraction was 75.3 ± 2.0 (mg/g QE). Upon anti-oxidant studies with DPPH and ABTS⁺ radicals, potent radical scavenging activities were observed in the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions. Moreover, in the study of cell protection efficacy using HaCaT keratinocytes damaged by H₂O₂, the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions showed a very positive results on prevention of oxidative stress. Phytochemical studies for this extract resulted in the isolation of four compounds; 2-oxopomolic acid (1), euscaphic acid (2), epi-catechin (3), prunasin (4). These results suggested that the extract of S. alnifolia branches containing compounds 1-4 as natural ingredients could be used as whitening and anti-oxidant ingredients in cosmetic formulations.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.25 no.4 s.99
• /
• pp.368-381
• /
• 1994

This study was attempted to investigate the effect of Gardeniae Fructus on GOT, GPT, Al.p, LDH activities and level of total cholesterol in serum of $CCl_{4}$ and $_{D}-galactosamine$ intoxicated rats, and bile excretion. The geniposide and extract caused a remarkabel decrease of GPT activities, level of total cholesterol in serum of $CCl_{4}$ intoxicated rats at EtOH Ex. 300, 500 mg/kg p.o., MeOH Ex. and geniposide 100 mg/kg p.o., and GOT, Al.p, LDH activities were significantly decreased compared with control group. It caused a remarkable decrese of GPT, Al.p, LDH activities in serum of $_{D}-galactosamine$ intoxicated rats, and GOT activities was significantly decreased compared with control group. The geniposide and extract caused a remarkable increase of bile excretion, when administration of EtOH extract 500 mg/kg p.o., MeOH extract 100 mg/kg i.d., MeOH extract 50 mg and geniposide 50 mg/kg i. v. compared with normal-control group.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.188-192
• /
• 1998

We established the model of clonogenic assay with human tumor cell line such as Calu-3 (lung carcinoma), HEC- lB (endometrial adenocarcinoma) , HEp-2 (larnyx carcinoma), Hs-5787 (breast carcinoma), K-562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia), SF-188 (brain carcinoma), SNU-1 (stomach carcinoma) and WiDr (colon carcinoma) . We investigated growth inhibition of solvent (EtOH, MeOH) and water (100$^{\circ}C$, 121$^{\circ}C$) extracts from Korean red ginseng by clonogenic assay. The results of clonogenic assay showed that EtOH extract had growth inhibition against Calu-3, SF-188 and SNU-1, MeOH extract had growth inhibition against Calu-3, Hs-5787, K-562, and WiDr, but water extract at 100$^{\circ}C$ and water extract at 121$^{\circ}C$ had not growth inhibition against used cell lines.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.43 no.9
• /
• pp.1357-1362
• /
• 2014

This study compared the antioxidant effects of two kinds of black raspberry extract, obtained from fruits of Rubus coreanus and Rubus occidentalis, which can be found in Korea. The fruits of R. coreanus and R. occidentalis were each extracted with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% ethanol (EtOH). Among the extracts of these two varieties, 50% EtOH extract of R. occidentalis showed the highest contents of total polyphenols ($46.96{\pm}2.78mg/g$) and flavonoid compounds ($11.77{\pm}0.81mg/g$). The 50% EtOH extract of R. occidentalis showed the highest antioxidant activity ($84.77{\pm}0.97%$) in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity. On the contrary, 25% EtOH extract of R. occidentalis showed the best antioxidant activity ($29.65{\pm}2.41%$) in terms of ABTS radical scavenging activity. In the results of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, 50% EtOH extract of R. occidentalis showed the highest antioxidant activity ($0.49{\pm}0.02%$). In the cytotoxicity test stimulated with $H_2O_2$, the extracts of 75% and 100% EtOH from R. occidentalis showed the highest cell viability ($93.54{\pm}3.37%$ and $97.19{\pm}0.74%$, respectively). According to our results, extracts of R. occidentalis showed higher antioxidant activities than extracts of R. coreanus. Especially, total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of R. occidentalis showed the highest significant correlation with FRAP by Pearson's correlation (P=0.005 and P=0.013, respectively).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.16
• /
• pp.7053-7060
• /
• 2015

In the present work, novel orange peel was extracted with 100%EtOH (ethanol) and fractionated into four fractions namely F1, F2, F3, F4 which were eluted from paper chromatographs using 100%EtOH, 80%EtOH, 50%EtOH and pure water respectively. The crude extract and its four fractions were evaluated for their total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and radical scavenging activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Their cytotoxic activity using WST assay and DNA damage by agarose gel electrophoresis were also evaluated in a human leukemia HL-60 cell line. The findings revealed that F4 had the highest TPC followed by crude extract, F2, F3 and F1. However, the crude extract had the highest TFC followed by F4, F3, F2, and F1. Depending on the values of $EC_{50}$ and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, F4 possessed the strongest antioxidant activity while F1 and F2 displayed weak antioxidant activity. Further, incubation HL-60 cells with extract/fractions for 24h caused an inhibition of cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. F3 and F4 exhibited a high antiproliferative activity with a narrow range of $IC_{50}$ values ($45.9-48.9{\mu}g/ml$). Crude extract exhibited the weakest antiproliferative activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $314.89{\mu}g/ml$. Analysis of DNA fragmentation displayed DNA degradation in the form of a smear-type pattern upon agarose gel after incubation of HL-60 cells with F3 and F4 for 6 h. Overall, F3 and F4 appear to be good sources of phytochemicals with antioxidant and potential anticancer activities.