• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.427-438
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• 2014

이 연구에서는 석조문화재의 표면 균열에 대한 깊이와 연장성을 측정하기 위해 창녕 물계서원 원정비를 대상으로 초음파 속도를 활용하였다. 또한 이 원정비의 장기적인 보존관리 방안을 수립하기 위해 재질 및 손상현황을 조사하고, 다양한 비파괴 기법을 활용하여 정밀진단을 수행하였다. 원정비를 이루고 있는 주요 구성암석은 비석의 부위에 따라 달리 알칼리장석화강암, 반려암 및 섬록암으로 이루어져 있다. 손상도 평가 결과, 특히 균열이 비신의 모든 방향에서 두드러진 분포를 보여 안정성을 저해하는 중요한 손상인자로 나타났다. 원정비 재질의 물성평가를 위한 초음파 측정에서는 비신, 대좌, 옥개석 순으로 속도가 빠르게 나타났다. 원정비에 다양한 형태로 발생한 균열들의 현황과 산출상태를 정량적으로 산출하기 위해 초음파를 이용한 To-Tc법으로 균열의 심도를 측정한 결과, 0.6~24.1cm로 다양한 깊이를 보였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2017

To identify a solution for the restricted availability of healthy lungs and the high risk of immune rejections following organ transplantation, tissue engineering techniques for culturing lungs have been studied by many research groups. The most promising method for culturing lungs is the utilization of a bio-scaffold that was prepared using harvested organs from human donors or other animals by removing their original cells. In this study, a pulsatile perfusion pump was used to alleviate the cell removal effect with the high fluid-dynamic power of the perfusion stream during the decellularization process, while other conventional studies focused on chemical methods to identify efficient detergents. The purpose of this study was to analyze the developed device by using energy equivalent pressure (EEP), which is an indicator of pulsatility, to understand the characteristics of pulsatile energy transmitted according to the load size by using the artificial model and compare it with the measured EEP. The pulsatility of the device can be estimated with the concept of fluid-dynamic energy during a particular constant time period or fluid-dynamic power represented as EEP and EEP increment. Because the measured EEP of perfusion flow during decellularization can be changed by the amount of fluid leakage and the degree of clogging in the capillary vessels, EEP should be measured to determine whether the decellularization is progressing without problems. The decrement of EEP caused by the high perfusion resistance was observed from some experimental results that were obtained with artificial models. EEP can be used to monitor the decellularization process after analyzing the varying EEP according to the amount of load. It was confirmed that the EEP was maintained at a high level in the experiment using the harvested lungs from 12-13-week-old rats. In addition, it was confirmed that the cell removal time was faster than when continuous perfusion was performed. In this study, pulsatile power delivered to the lungs was measured to monitor the process of cell removal, and it serve as the evidence for efficient decellularization.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.194-198
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• 2008

Significant soil erosion and water quality degradation issues are occurring at highland agricultural areas of Kangwon province because of agronomic and topographical specialities of the region. Thus spatial and temporal modeling techniques are often utilized to analyze soil erosion and sediment behaviors at watershed scale. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is one of the watershed scale models that have been widely used for these ends in Korea. In most cases, the SWAT users tend to use the readily available input dataset, such as the Ministry of Environment (MOE) land cover data ignoring temporal and spatial changes in land cover. Spatial and temporal resolutions of the MOE land cover data are not good enough to reflect field condition for accurate assesment of soil erosion and sediment behaviors. Especially accelerated soil erosion is occurring from agricultural fields, which is sometimes not possible to identify with low-resolution MOD land cover data. Thus new land cover data is prepared with cadastral map and high spatial resolution images of the Doam-dam watershed. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated with this land cover data. The EI values were 0.79 and 0.85 for streamflow calibration and validation, respectively. The EI were 0.79 and 0.86 for sediment calibration and validation, respectively. These EI values were greater than those with MOE land cover data. With newly prepared land cover dataset for the Doam-dam watershed, the SWAT model better predicts hydrologic and sediment behaviors. The number of HRUs with new land cover data increased by 70.2% compared with that with the MOE land cover, indicating better representation of small-sized agricultural field boundaries. The SWAT estimated annual average sediment yield with the MOE land cover data was 61.8 ton/ha/year for the Doam-dam watershed, while 36.2 ton/ha/year (70.7% difference) of annual sediment yield with new land cover data. Especially the most significant difference in estimated sediment yield was 548.0% for the subwatershed #2 (165.9 ton/ha/year with the MOE land cover data and 25.6 ton/ha/year with new land cover data developed in this study). The results obtained in this study implies that the use of MOE land cover data in SWAT sediment simulation for the Doam-dam watershed could results in 70.7% differences in overall sediment estimation and incorrect identification of sediment hot spot areas (such as subwatershed #2) for effective sediment management. Therefore it is recommended that one needs to carefully validate land cover for the study watershed for accurate hydrologic and sediment simulation with the SWAT model.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.279-291
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate appropriate weight for aged farmers in manually handling livestock feed in bags using ergonomic methods. Background: In the livestock industry in South Korea, despite the trend of aging of labor manpower, heavy items are still manually handled in many farms. In particular, among stockbreeding works, the handling of feed in bags weighing 25~30kg is reported as a cause of frequent injuries and musculoskeletal system diseases. However, studies on the standard for recommended weight allowed considering the physical characteristics of aged farmers older than 60 years with greatly decreased physical strength and muscle strength are insufficient. Method: To evaluate appropriate weight for handling of heavy livestock feed in bags, physical techniques for measuring recognized levels of physical work loads, the NLE (NIOSH lifting equation) a method that is an observation type technique, and an ergonomic modeling technique to predict compressive force imposed on L5/S1 were used. Subjects who participated in the experiment were organized into two groups of males/females with mean age exceeding 60 years, and lifting tasks were evaluated for nine weight levels. Results: Based on the results of psychophysical measurement, females showed a tendency of more drastic increases compared to males when weight was over 19kg. The results of estimation of regression models for the weight, 18.0 kg ($r^2=0.97$) and 15.3kg ($r^2=0.97$) were evaluated as stable load for males and females, respectively. In addition, both the observation type evaluation and ergonomic model evaluation showed stable loads in a range of 15~18kg. Conclusion: Given the results of the study, the weight of the feed in bags currently distributed to farms can become a cause of not only overexertion but also farm work related disasters such as musculoskeletal disorders and safety accidents. Providing livestock feed in bags weighing not more than 19kg for aged farmers is judged desirable, and managerial improvement for this matter is considered necessary. Application: The results of the present study can be utilized as useful data for institutional improvement of the weight of livestock feed in bags.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 기존에 구축된 고해상도 항공영상을 이용한 영상변화 탐지과정에서 보다 정확도 높은 풍수해 정보를 추출하는 방법에 대해 연구하였다. 연구 대상지역은 2008년 국지성 호우로 인해 큰 피해를 입은 경상북도 봉화군의 춘양면 일대를 선정하였다. 연구에서 활용된 항공영상은 해상도 30cm의 피해 전 흑백영상과 40cm의 피해 후 칼라 영상을 사용하였다. 영상분석에 있어 전처리 단계로서 피해 전 후 영상의 해상도 차이나 시계열적인 차이로 인한 오차 보정을 위하여 노멀라이징과 대비강조, 이퀄라이징의 기법을 적용하여 오차를 최소화하였다. 피해규모는 피해 전 후 영상을 구성하는 각 화소의 밝기 값을 1:1로 비교하는 방식으로 산정하였으며, 이 과정에서 피해 전 후 화소 밝기의 차이 값을 설정하여 조사자가 원하는 피해규모를 추출할 수 있도록 임계치를 설정하였다. 최적의 영상처리 및 임계치 선정의 결과는 오차매트릭스를 이용하여 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 피해정보 추출 과정에서 동일한 제원을 갖는 항공영상을 이용하여 신속한 자연재해로 인한 피해규모의 산출이 가능하도록 하였다. 아울러 피해 전 후 다중밴드 영상을 추가로 확보하여 활용한다면 보다 다양한 피해항목에 대한 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 나아가 토지피복분류도나 지적도 등 다양한 주제도를 영상변화 탐지에 활용한다면 정량적인 피해규모의 산출도 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2003

강우-유출과정은 시간적, 공간적 다변성을 지닌 수문학적 인자에 좌우되기 때문에 수문모의를 위해서는 많은 매개변수와 다양한 정보들이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 지형자료를 활용하기 위한 GIS 기법과 유출분석을 위한 NRCS(Natural Resources Conservation Service) 방법을 이용하여 빈도별 유출양상을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. FARD 2002 프로그램을 이용하여 확률강우량을 분석하였으며, 대상유역인 보청천 산성유역에 대한 확률강우량은 Log-Pearson Type III가 가장 적합한 분포형으로 나타났다. 유역의 지형학적 특성을 규명하기 위한 DEM 자료의 분석은 TOPAZ 프로그램을 이용하였다. 유역 내 유효우량 산정을 위해 토지이용도와 토양도를 이용하여 NRCS curve number를 산정하였다. NRCS 방법의 적용을 위한 호우형태는 Type II와 Type III를 적용하였다. 적용 결과, 재현기간이 80년 빈도 이상인 호우에 대해서는 Type II, Type III에 상관없이 비슷한 양상으로 나타났다. 또한 대상유역의 하천정비기본계획보고서에서 제시한 빈도별 홍수량과 비교한 결과 재현기간 80년과 100년 빈도 홍수량에 대하여 상대오차가 각각 7.65%와 5.33%로서 비슷한 유출량을 나타내었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.221-236
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• 1993

Economic conditions of Korean agriculture have been aggravated since farmers experienced the shortage of labor, instability of farm product price, lack of capital and pressure of opening domestic market. Nevertheless, agriculture must be maintained because structure of national economy can not be progressed without balanced growth of food industry. So the problem that we must solve is to keep agriculture competitive. In that case technology is important in terms of improving productivity, overcoming labor shortage and stabilizing price. This paper is to study the technology adoption on the farm level, focusing on the theories of technology adoption, their empirical test and effect of technology adoption on the farm household income. In this study five theories-independent model, linear model, middle class conservation model, modified middle class conservation model, basic needs and wealfare model- were introduced concerning differentiated technology adoption rate by farmers' class. Based on the survey of controlled strawberry farming in Nonsan County, Chungnam Province, who adopted six kinds of technology, modified middle class conservation model was found to explain five kinds of technology adoption pattern and linear model was useful to explain one kind of technology, that is, irrigation method, These results may mean that controlled strawbary cultivators of middle class were reluctant to accept new technology. There are many variables to effect on the technology accepting rate, that is, farmer's age, labor capacity, education level, cultivation career, size of total cultivated land, and size of strawberry farming land. LOGIT model was used to find which variable influence the technology adoption rate. Results of estimation showed that variables of cultivation career and total land size, of which coefficients were statistically significant at the 5 percent level, might be main influential factors in accepting more than three farming techniques. There was a significant income difference between farm households accepting new methods and those rejecting them. Especially in case of low class of farming group, income of farmers who was adopting new technology was examined to be much higher than that of farmers who did not adopt. This result suggests that new technology play an important role in increasing farm household income. Finally this study emphasized that there is a need to develop proper measure of technology transfer considering various socioeconomic conditions of farm households.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2007

국내에서는 자연 환경에서 발견되는 각종 지질 및 지형경관자원을 주 대상으로 내재적 가치를 이해시키고 자연보존을 촉진하는 지질관광에 대한 체계적이고 일관된 연구가 크게 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 관광지질학 활성화를 목적으로 지질관광 대상지역의 다양성 제고를 촉진하고 국립공원관리공단에서 제공하는 자연해설 프로그램의 다양화를 배가하기 위하여, 태안해안국립공원에 부존하는 지질 및 지형경관자원의 유형 및 분포상황을 조사하여 활용방안을 제시하는데 있다. 조사대상지역인 태안해안국립공원을 구성하는 지질 및 지형경관자원의 개체수 및 유형을 살펴보면, 총212개로서 해안지형$\rightarrow$풍화지형의 순서로 분포되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 상기 조사 자료는 지질학 및 지형학 전문가로 구성된 전문가집단과의 심도 있는 선별과정을 거쳐 일반대중에게 흥미와 과학의 이해를 돕는 지질관광 대상지역으로서 적극적으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 아울러, 수요자 지향형의 지질관광대상지역 개발 활성화를 위해서는 지질 관광지역 방문객의 인구통계적 특성, 지질관광 대상지역에서의 방문객 행동특성, 지질관광대상지별 방문객 성별에 따른 방문객 행동성향비교 및 지질관광 프로그램 및 이벤트 개발을 위한 분석 등의 모니터링이 수반되어야 할 것이다. 그리고 지질관광 대상물에 대한 풍화도 평가 및 보존기술개발 등 지질공학적인 부분과 환경과학적 측면이 병행된 연구 노력이 이루어질 때 관광지질학의 활성화가 결실을 거둘 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2004

방사선에 의해 유도되는 사람 말초혈액 림프구 미소핵 관찰빈도를 높이면서 생물학적 선량평가법으로서 활용 가능성을 확인하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 우선 5명의 건강한 사람으로부터 혈액을 제공 받아 선량영역을 0에서 800cGy로 하여 감마선$(^{137}Cs)$을 조사 한 후 김사와 아크리딘 오렌지 형광 염색하고 미소핵 출현빈도를 비교하였다. 아크리딘 오렌지 염색법을 이용하여 미소핵을 관찰하였을 때, 김사 염색법에 비교하여 적갈색의 비특이성 과립과 녹황색의 DNA가 붉은색의 세포질을 배경으로 명확히 구별되었을 뿐만 아니라 선량이 증가하면서 검출율도 높았다. 아울러, 말초혈액 T와 B-림프구에 대하여 선량영역을 0에서 50cGy로 하여 방사선을 조사한 후 미소핵 출현빈도를 아크리딘 오렌지 염색하여 김사염색과 비교한 바, B-림프구에서 선량이 증가하면서 적어도 2배 이상 높게 관찰되었다. 본 실험 결과, 사람 말초 혈액 B-림프구를 대상으로 한 아크리딘 오렌지 형광염색 미소핵 분석법은 저선량 방사선 인체영향 평가나 과피폭 선량추정시 활용이 가능 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2006

Objectives : 1. Clinical trial for the efficacy evaluation of Korean acupuncture techniques in treating frozen shoulder. 2. Development of the standard clinical guidelines of the acupuncture treatment for the frozen shoulder. 3. Development of the new clinical protocol for the acupuncture treatments. 4. Verification of the hypothesis that treating at both the remote and the nearby acupoints according to the meridian theory is more effective than treating at only the nearby acupoints. Methods : 1. Research designed as Single blind, Randomized, Sham acupuncture controlled clinical Trial. 2. Assignment of 86 patients to one of three groups treated at nearby acupoints(group A), remote & nearby acupoints(group B), and sham points(group C) respectively. 3. Trial conducted at KIOM CRC of Dunsan oriental medical hospital, Daejeon Univ. 4. Estimation of the recovery rate of the frozen shoulder in subjects aged over 40. 5. Efficacy evaluation using VAS, SPADI, ROM and Improvement rate. Results : 1. There was no significant difference in VAS among the three groups. 2. Pain related scores in SPADI of the group B were significantly lower than those of the group A. 3. There was no significant difference in disability related scores of SPADI among the three groups. 4. External rotation of upper arm in the group B was significantly improved in comparison with that in the group C. 5. Abduction of upper arm in group A was improved with weak statistical significance in comparison with that in the group C. Conclusion : Acupuncture at both the remote and the nearby acupoints according to the meridian theory is effective to improve external rotation of frozen shoulder, and acupuncture at the nearby acupoints is effective to improve adduction of frozen shoulder. However it is not clear that acupuncture treatment at both the remote and the nearby acupoints according to the meridian theory is more effective than treating at only the nearby acupoints in the treatment of frozen shoulder. Since our study was a short term trial, a long term trial for a more precise evaluation of acupuncture treatment for frozen shoulder will be needed in the future.