• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.7 no.4 s.32
• /
• pp.91-99
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is propose an Artificial Neural Network(ANN) model for the construction estimate of the public educational facility at conceptual stage. The current method for the preliminary cost estimate of the public educational facility uses a single-parameter which is based on basic criteria such as a gross floor area. However, its accuracy is low due to the nature of the method. When the difference between the conceptual estimate and detailed estimate is huge, the project has to be modified to meet the established budget. Thus, the ANN model is developed by using multi-parameters in order to estimate the project budget cost more accurately. The result of the research shows 6.82% of the testing error rates when the developed model was tested. The error rates and the error range of the developed model are smaller than those of the general preliminary estimating model at conceptual stage. Since the proposed ANN model was trained using the detailed estimate information of the past 5 years' school construction data, it is expected to forecast the school project cost accurately.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.502-507
• /
• 2003

Toward the development of practical methods for observed data oriented bispectral estimation, an automatic means for determining the smoothing bandwidth of bispectral windows is proposed, that can also provide an associated optimum bispectral estimate of stationary non-Gaussian signals, systematically only from an observed time series datum of finite length. For the conventional non-parametric bispectral estimation, the MSE (mean squared error) of the normalized estimate is reviewed under a certain mixing condition and sufficient data length, mainly from the viewpoint of the inverse relation between its bias and variance with respect to the smoothing bandwidth. Based on the fundamental relation, a systematic method not only for determining the bandwidth, but also for obtaining the optimum bispectral estimate is presented by newly introducing a MSE evaluation index of the estimate only from an observed time series datum of finite length. The effectiveness and fundamental features of the proposed method are illustrated by the basic results of numerical experiments.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.10D no.7
• /
• pp.1137-1144
• /
• 2003

The existing Function Point method to estimate the software size has been utilized frequently with the management information system. Due to the expanding usage of the real-time and embedded system, the Full Function Point method is being proposed. However, despite many research is being carried out relation to the software size, the research on the model to estimate the development cost from the measured software size is inadequate. This paper analyzed the linear regression model and power regression model which estimate the development cost from the software FFP The power model is selected, which shows its estimation is most adequate.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.89-93
• /
• 2006

A simple algorithm that can be used to estimate a healthy person's blood pressure using pulse transit time is proposed in this paper. Fifty healthy students participated in the experiment that was conducted in line with the study. The subjects were asked to exercise on several exercise levels using a bicycle ergometer. Their blood pressures during the succeeding rest period were measured. A simple method was proposed to illustrate the relationship between blood pressure and pulse transit time. The systolic blood pressures as well as the heights and weights of the subjects were regarded as the proper parameters, and a second-order regression curve was produced to estimate the subjects' blood pressures. The mean error of estimation was less than 10 mmHg, which was the mean error of manual measurement. Although our estimation model is so simple, it can be used to estimate continuous blood pressure measurement for bicycle ergometer exercise. The electrocardiograms, photoplethysmograms, and blood pressures, however, could not be measured simultaneously As such, their estimation may be slightly different from the results taken from simultaneous measurements.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.27 no.3A
• /
• pp.276-283
• /
• 2002

This paper proposes a new color constancy algorithm using the maximum luminance surface. This method uses a linear model which represents the characteristics of human visual system. The most important process of linear model is the estimation of the spectral distributions of illumination from an input image. To estimate of the spectral distributions of illumination from an input image, we first estimate spectral distribution functions of reflected light on the brightest surface. Then, we estimate surface reflectance functions corresponding to the maximum luminance surface using a principal component analysis of the given munsell chips. We finally estimate the spectral distributions of illumination in an image. Using an estimated illumination, we recover an image by scaling it regularly for the lightness calibration. From the experimental results, the proposed method was effective in recovering the color images compared with others.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2021.05a
• /
• pp.57-58
• /
• 2021

This study is conducted an experiment to unifyprovide a method to estimate the method of measuring the condensationsetting time and estimating the initialearly age compressive strength using the existingD type ddurometer. into a single device and to adopt the best estimation guidelines of the estimator. As a result of the experiment, Test results indicated that it is analyzed that the use of D type Durometer attached with modified needle, which was designed to secure improved accuracy in setting and compressive strength, enables to estimate it is possible to estimate the condensationsetting time of mortar and estimate the compressive strength ofat early age. the initial age when the estimation No. 2 is adopted for the Durometer D type.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.333-339
• /
• 2017

Transmission signal in wireless environment receives a signal in which a source signal, interference, and noise are mixed. The goal of this study is to estimate the desired signal from the received signal. In this paper, we have studied a method correctly estimating a target in spatial by modified beamformer method. The modified bemaformer uses an adaptive array antenna and perturbation matrix to obtain the optimal weight, and estimate the desired signal by radiating the beam in spatial. We estimate a desired signal of the target by improving resolution with the modified beamformer method which does not have complicated calculation amount. Through simulation, we compare and analyze the modified beamformer method and the MUSIC method with good resolution. In result of simulation, we showed that modified beamformer method has better resolution of 10degree than classical beamformer method and showed similar performance as the MUSIC method. The resolution of this paper was estimated to be about 5 degrees.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2016

This paper is about IoT(Internet of Things)-based indoor localization scheme. GPS and WiFi are widely used to estimate the location of things. However, GPS has drawback of poor reception and radio disturbance in doors. To estimate the location in WiFi-based method, the user collects the information by scanning nearby WiFi(s) and transferring the information to WiFi database server. This is a fingerprint method with disadvantage of having an additional DB server. IoT is the internetworking of things, and this is on rapid rise. I propose the IoT-based indoor localization scheme. Under the proposed method, a device internetworking with another device with its own location information like GPS coordinate can estimate its own location through RSSI. With more devices localizing its own, the localization accuracy goes high. The proposed method allows the user to estimate the location without GPS and WiFi DB server.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.43-58
• /
• 2002

A methodology to nondestructively locate and estimate size of damage in beam-type structures using a few natural frequencies or a few mode shapes is presented. A damage-localization algorithm to locate damage from changes in natural frequencies and a damage-sizing algorithm to estimate crack-size from natural frequency perturbation are outlined. A damage index algorithm to localize and estimate severity of damage from monitoring changes in mode shapes is outlined. The frequency-based method and the mode-shape-based method are evaluated for several damage scenarios by locating and sizing damage in PS concrete beams lot which a few natural frequencies and mode shapes are generated from finite element models. The result of the analyses indicates that the two methods correctly localize and closely estimate the size of the crack simulated in the test beam.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.6 no.5
• /
• pp.136-150
• /
• 2002

In this study, we proposed a method to be standing customers as the supporting system for the improvement of fashion garment industry which was the marginal growth getting into full maturity of market. As for the customer creation method of Fashion garment company is developing a marketing program to be standing customer as customer scoring to estimate a existing customer‘s buying power, and figure out minimum fixed sales of company to use a future purchasing predict. This study was a result of data from total sixty thousands data to be created for the 11 months from september. 2000 to July. 2001. The data is part of which the company leading the Korean fashion garment industry has a lot of a customer purchasing history data. But this study used only 48,845 refined purchased data to discriminate from sixty thousands data and 21,496 customer case with the exception of overlapping purchased data among of those. The software used to handle sixty thousands data was SAS e-miner. As the analysis process is put in to operation the analysis of the purchasing customer’s profile firstly, and the second come into basket analysis to consider the buying associations for Association goods, the third estimate the customer grade of Customer loyalty by 3 ways of logit regression analysis, decision tree, Artificial Neural Network. The result suggested a method to be estimate the customer loyalty as 3 independent variables, 2 coefficients. The 3 independent variables are total purchasing amount, purchasing items per one purchase, payment amount by one purchasing item. The 2 coefficients are royal and normal for customer segmentation. The result was that this model use a logit regression analysis was valid as the method to be estimate the customer loyalty.