• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to change the '과gwa (academic department)' operated by the college to the '학과haggwa (academic department).' Although they are in a lower order in the legal system, "the Regulations for the Establishment and Operation of University and College" and "the Public Notice on the Establishment of a 3-year Course at College" use '학과haggwa' regardless of the type of school. On the other hand, "the Higher Education Act and the Enforcement Decree of the Higher Education Act" use '과gwa' for colleges. The department name can be changed from '과gwa' to '학과haggwa' through a revision of school regulations in promoting the establishment of a major and the operation of the curriculum. In this study, it is considered reasonable to operate the name of '학과haggwa' in an associate degree course or higher.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.81-99
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• 2000

The shelterbelts are very important to conserve and protect the sandy land, vegetation coverage, farmland, livestock and human life in the desertified land. The shelterbelts are constructed by the several row-plantings of high-adaptable species in the desertified land. The shelterbelts have various kind of type, and there are shelterbelts for conservation of farmland in dry the region, the protective shelterbelts (windbreaks for blowing-sand, artificial sanddune fixation by revegetation, and construction of farmland shelterbelts to protect farmland and pasture from wind erosion, etc.) in the semi-dry steppe, shelterbelts around the villages and oasis for sanddune fixation, shelterbelts for protection of railroads, and so on. The shelterbelts consist of main she1terbelts and minor shelterbelts. The main shelterbelts were constructed by being perpendicular to main wind direction, and the minor shelterbelts were constructed by being perpendicular to the main shelterbelts. Generally, the width of shelterbelts is 8~20m, and the number of row-planting is 4~10. The grid sizes of shelterbelts networks are $400{\times}400m$, $300{\times}500m$, $100{\times}200m$, and so on, and there are ventilation type and closing type in the type of shelterbelt. The width, number of row-planting, grid size and type of shelterbelt are selected by the local characteristics. The effects of shelterbelts are mainly the climate improvement and mitigation, such as prevention of occurrence of strong wind, cold wind and blowing-sand. And, the other effects of shelterbelts are effect of reforestation, increase of agricultural productions, establishment of greenbelts and green forests, construction of landscape-eco shelterbelts, improvement of life environment of local villages, supply of fuel wood and agricultural wood, land amelioration, effect of revegetation and restoration of desertified land, and so on. The kinds of the tree species mainly used for the construction of shelterbelts have differences between regions, but main species are Populus euphratica, Populus simonii, Populus bolleana, Populus tomentosa, Salix flavida, Salix mongolica, Tamarix chinensis, Hedysarum scoparium, and so on.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.143-162
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to derive the type by examining and analyzing the integrated cases of the Cadastral System (hereafter as CS.) and the Land Registration System (hereafter as LRS.) except for France, the Netherlands, Japan, and Taiwan introduced in Korea. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the CS. and LRS. were integrated in Turkey, Indonesia, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Lithuania, and the following three types were drawn as a result of analyzing the integration case. First, the French type, the CS. and LRS. has been integrated since the establishment of the system, and the central and state governments are managed by one Administrative Agency, The basic municipalities include France and Turkey, which are managed by two separate agencies. Second, the Dutch type, there are Netherlands, Indonesia, and Lithuania, which are integrated and managed by one Administrative Agency since the creation of the CS. and LRS. Third, the Japanese type, there are Japan, Taiwan, Hungary, and Czech Republic which was separated from the creation of the CS. and the LRS. and the CS. was managed by the Administrative Agency and the LRS. was managed by the Judicial Agency. but after integrated both systems were managed by one Administrative Agency, Furthermore, CS. was managed by the Administrative Agency in all countries but LRS. was managed by the Judicial Agency in some countries. but after integrated both systems were managed by one Administrative Agency. I hope that active research on the integration of the CS. and LRS. will be carried out in the future, and hope that the results of this study will be used as basic data for research on how to integrate the CS. and LRS. in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.2113-2119
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• 2010

In this paper, the cooperative curriculum between university and company according to the 'Type of IT Business(TIB)' is proposed for an IT manpower cultivation. The cooperative curriculum is established by the core technology from the matching table between 'Type of IT Business(TIB)' and 'Class of IT Techniques(CIT)'. The company participated in the cooperative curriculum gives a guarantee of the job position to the university students who took this cooperative curriculum. For the cooperative curriculum, the agreement is needed between university and company for the establishment and its operation of UCCCC(University and Company Cooperative Curriculum Council) after an exchange of the Memorandum of Understanding(MOU) including the supply-demand of IT manpower, the core technology, and the job conditions. The cooperative curriculum will be useful for employments of small and medium sized companies.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.1017-1022
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• 2014

Since the opening of Seoul Subway Line #1 in 1974, the number of passengers has been increasing. The possibility for passenger's accidents in railway stations has also increased. In order to decrease these kind of accidents, railway operation systems have been automated. Nevertheless, the possibility of a casualty accident in railway stations remains. This study analyzed the type of casualty accidents, casualty accidents by age, sex, pedestrian facility, and passenger type based on the internal data of Seoul Metro. The causes of casualty accidents are also found out. Finally, the establishment of railway safety education program and railway safety experience center are suggested in order to prevent the urban railway casualty accident in advance at railway stations.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.233-244
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• 2009

This study was focused on the transducer and suitable contact material for stone cultural heritage, and the correlation of direct-indirect method in rock types for scientific development and quantitative evaluation technique of the ultrasonic measurements. As a result, it was identified the transducer (UTREXTX(RX)54kHz) and contact material (rubber clay) of the type 3 were appropriate for the ultrasonic measurements of stone cultural heritage. The direct-indirect correction factors of type 3 were calculated 1.50 for granite, 1.38 for gabbro, 1.58 for quartz diorite, respectively. This result is the first study for improvement in reliability for the ultrasonic measurements, and it will contribute to establishment of the ultrasonic survey method for stone cultural heritage. Also, complementary studies considering the surface irregularity of rocks and various contact materials will carry out, and the database about correlation of direct-indirect in rock types will establish.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.496-501
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• 2019

Background: In this study, wage status and wage determinants of care workers were analyzed. Methods: The analysis used database (DB) of long-term care institutions, DB of long-term care institutions, DB of long-term care workers, DB of health insurance qualification, and contribution possessed by National Health Insurance Services. We analyzed the wage status of the care workers from 2009 to 2016 through basic analysis and estimated the factors affecting the wage of the long-term care facilities' care workers using pooled ordinary least squares. Results: The monthly average wage of care workers was raised from Korean won (KRW) 1.37 million in 2009 to KRW 1.52 million in 2016, and the working hours were shortened by 20 hours from 207 hours to 187 hours. Hourly wages increased by KRW 1,329 from KRW 6,831 in 2009 to KRW 8,160 in 2016. The average monthly wage of care workers was affected by gender, age, years of employment, monthly working hours, establishment type, city size, institutional size, the grade of the institution, and management status. In particular, the wage level of the care workers was high when the larger the size of the institution, the better the management status (fill rate), the establishment type is "government and local government" and "corporation," the institutional rating is high, and the facility manager has the first grade of the social worker license. Conclusion: The government should consider aggressive policies to improve the treatment of care workers as well as the quality of long-term care services so that there will be more long-term care facilities that are guaranteed social publicity above a certain level.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.309-319
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• 2007

Right comprehension of the natural disaster could reduce the damage of human life and property by explaining the cause of the disaster and considering a counterplan to decrease or prevent it. To do this, it should precede to clarify the category of the natural disaster and classification. Also, when the disaster occurs, swift site survey and the establishment of the data by the professionals should be done for clarifying the reason. Our classification of the natural disaster is written on the Law of the Nature Disaster Relief. But, this classification is made for the management of the disaster, so it is required to review the establishment of the technical information by the professionals. Therefore, the Korean type classification is required considered by the professionals who collect and study the information of the natural disaster for the other countries. If the DB of the natural disaster is made, it is able to get various services through the internet virtual space and it will be helpful to prepare the prevent countermeasures against the disaster. In this research, the korean type classification plan of the natural disaster is suggested which is suitable to the professional technology by collecting and analyzing the domestic and the international classification of the natural disaster.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.53-64
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• 2018

Purposes: The hospitals needs to generate a minimum profit, in order to perform its own role such as providing high-quality medical services. The demand for hospital management is increasing, as the social demands are diversified and the financial transparency is emphasized. The purpose of this study is to compare hospitals management based on Dupont Identity, by various hospital classification. Methodology: This study is based on '2016 Statistics for Hospital Management' provided by the Korea Health Industry Development Institute. The hospitals were classified according to the scope of care, the type of establishment, the location, and the number of beds. We analyzed the general and financial characteristics of over 337 hospitals using the method of Dupont Identity. Findings: Net profit margin (PM) has the biggest impact on return of equity (ROE). By the number of beds, general hospital with 160-299 beds have the highest return on equity (ROE). By location, hospitals in local municipalities have higher return on equity than hospitals in urban municipalities. According to the type of establishment, public hospitals have lower business performance, and although they invest more than private hospitals. Practical Implications: This study can inspire interest and provide understanding in hospital management and financial structure, by analyzing through an intuitive indicator named Dupont identity. It is possible to provide basic data for hospital management methods for each financial elements, in order to increase the profitability of hospitals.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.1536-1540
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• 2012

Chicken primordial germ cells (cPGCs) are founder germ cells in embryonic stage of development that eventually give rise to sperms or oocytes. Currently cPGCs are only known cells enabling germline transmission in chicken and their cultivation protocols were recently established. Although genome modifications of chickens are now theoretically possible using cPGCs, there are still several hurdles to overcome to practically use cPGCs as mediators for chicken transgenesis. First, efficiency of gene delivery into cPGCs remains low with current methods. Second, there aregene silencing mechanisms against the expression of foreign genes in cPGCs. In this study, we successfully increased the efficiency of gene delivery in cPGCs by taking advantage of the TTAA-specific $piggybac$ transposon system. Moreover, a pipette-type electroporator significantly enhanced transfection efficiency up to 5-fold compared withcuvette-type methods. Taken together, the technological advances in our study will provide practical benefits for the application to fulfill genetic modifications of chicken genome.