• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.31-36
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• 1998

This paper proposes a method to select essential elements in a human evaluation model using the Choquet integral based on fuzzy measures and applies the model to the evaluation of human interface. Three kinds of concepts, Increment Degree, average of Increment Degree, Necessity coefficient, are defined. The proposed method selects essential elements by the use of the Relative necessity coefficient. The proposed method is applied to the analysis of human interface. In the experiment, (1) a warning sound, (2)a color vision, (3) the size of working area, (4) a response of confirmation, are considered as human interface elements. subjects answer the questionnarie after the experiment. From the data of questionnaire, fuzzy measures are identified and are applied to the proposed model. effectiveness of the proposed model is confirmed by the comparison of human interface elements extracted from the proposed model and those from the questionnarie.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.787-790
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• 1997

This paper proposes a method which selects essential elements in a human evaluation model using the Choquet integral based on fuzzy measures, and applies the model to the evaluation of human interface. Three kinds of concepts are defined to select essential elements. Increment Degree implies the increment degree from fuzzy measures of composed elements to the fuzzy measure of a combined element. Average of Increment Degree of an element means the relative possibility of superadditivity of the fuzzy measure of each combined element. Necessity Degree means the selection degree of each combined element as a result of the human evaluation. A task experiment, which consists of a static work and two dynamic works, is performed by the use of some human interfaces. In the experiment, (1) a warning sound which gives an attention to subjects, (2) a color vision which can be distinguished easily or not, (3) the size of working area and (4) a response of confirmation that is given from an interface, are considered as human interface elements. Subjects answer the questionnaire after the experiment. From the data of the questionnaire, fuzzy measures are identified and are applied to the proposed model. Effectiveness of the proposed model is confirmed by the comparison of human interface elements extracted from the proposed model and those from the questionnaire.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.697-715
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• 2004

컴포넌트 기반 개발 (CBD) 기술은 객체 보다 더 큰 컴포넌트 단위의 재사용을 통하여 개발 생산성을 높이는 재사용 기술이다. 그러나, CBD 컴포넌트의 구성요소와 의미를 정의하는 참조 모델이 국제적으로나 산업계에서 표준화되지 못하고 있어 CBD 플랫폼간의 상호연동과 이식성 문제가 있으며, 또한 개발자에게 어떤 모델을 채택해야 할 것인지의 신중한 결정을 요구한다. 본 논문에서는 대표적인 컴포넌트 참조모델들에 대한 정형적 뷰(View)인 메타 모델을 정의하고, 이를 기반으로 기술적인 상호 비교를 제시함으로써 각 기술의 장ㆍ단점 및 특징을 규명한다. 또한, 비교 평가를 통해 모든 컴포넌트가 공통적이며 필수적으로 만족해야 하는 핵심(Essential) 컴포넌트 모델과 최대한 다양한 장치와 구성요소를 가지는 확장(Extended) 컴포넌트 모델을 제시하여 상용 컴포넌트 모델들과의 객관적인 연관 관계 및 각 모델에 대한 정확한 평가를 할 수 있게 한다.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2021

현대 사회는 사물인터넷, 빅데이타 등으로 급속하게 발전하고 있으며 코로나 시대에도 발전하는 산업이 있다. 그러나, 교회는 코로나 시대에 발전하지 못하고 충분히 대응하지 못하고 있으며 교회의 존립 자체를 흔들고 있다. 교회의 본질은 예배, 전도, 교육, 봉사, 교제로 구성된다. 비대면의 안전을 중요시하는 코로나 시대에는 본질은 변화하지 않지만 사회적 책임감이 있게 교회의 본질을 구현하는 노력이 필요하다. 본 논문은 이러한 측면에서 교회의 5대 본질 요소를 중심으로 교회의 사회적 책임을 논한다. 이를 위해 교회의 본질적 요소를 살펴보고, 코로나 시대에 적합한 구현 방법을 연구한다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.209-231
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare differences between essential tasks and delegable tasks among public kindergarten dietitians. A survey study was conducted through a self-administered online method from November 18 to December 28, 2019. The survey consisted of essential tasks and delegable tasks, including 6 Duties, 25 Tasks, and 94 Task Elements. The survey was distributed to a sample of 500 kindergartens in Korea, after excluding incomplete surveys and outliers, and a total of 224 responses were used for the analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to compare essential tasks and delegable tasks. The results show that 'Duty A. Nutrition Management', 'Duty B. Foodservice Management Practices', 'Duty C. Hygiene management of kindergarten foodservice', 'Duty D. Nutrition-Diet Education and counseling', and 'Duty F. Professionalism Enhancement' were recognized as essential tasks to be performed by kindergarten dietitians. All 16 tasks elements (100.0%) in 'Duty E. Managing snacks during semesters, and lunch/snack during breaks' were identified as delegable tasks. In conclusion, most tasks were recognized as essential tasks to be performed by kindergarten dietitians. On the other hand, 'Duty E. Managing Snacks during semesters, and lunch/snack during breaks' was considered a delegable task by public-attached kindergarten dietitians. It is recommended that public-attached kindergartens should consider additional workforce related to 'Duty E'. This study is expected to offer basic data on laws and regulations about the duties of kindergarten dietitians.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2005

In this paper we consider the fuzzy ideals of N-group G where N is a near-ring. We introduce the concepts: minimal elements, fuzzy linearly independent elements, and fuzzy basis of an N-group G and obtained fundamental related results.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2012

In construction, the outcome of work depends on the leadership of the project manager, and as a result this has been emerging as an important factor. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main elements of leadership that are essential for project managers, and to rank these elements in order of importance. In this study, leadership and its elements are reviewed through reviewing the literature, and the main elements and their relative importance for project managers were analyzed through questionnaire survey of project managers, contractor engineers, and subcontractor engineers. Through this survey, it was found that the project manager's leadership had a significant influence on the success of a construction project, and this study revealed that the key elements of leadership for project manager could be ranked in the order of resolution, responsibility, and reliance.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.422-429
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• 2001

A two dimensional hierarchical elements are investigated for a use on the incompressible flow computation. The construction of hierarchical elements are explained through the tensor product of 1-D hierarchical functions, and a systematic treatment of essential boundary values has been developed for the degrees of freedom corresponding to higher order terms. The numerical study for the poisson problem showed that the present scheme can increase the convergence and accuracy of finite element solutions, and can be more efficient than the standard first order with many elements. Also, for Stokes and cavity flow cases, solutions from hierarchical elements showed better resolutions and future promises for higher order solutions.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2021

Purpose: To evaluate and analyze the adequacy of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)s taken before publication of the 2018 recommendation in South Korea. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 87 cases of breast MRIs, from January 2010 to November 2013, taken at external hospitals in the study. Breast MRI protocol elements are divided into three categories based on the recommendation by the Breast Imaging Study Group of the Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance: (1) Essential elements for breast MRI protocol; (2) Element to consider when evaluating imaging quality; and (3) Optional element for breast MRI protocol. Also, we divided enrolled cases into three groups based on their conducting locations -- (1) Primary hospitals, (2) Secondary hospitals, and (3) Tertiary hospitals-and analyzed them for the adequacy of imaging protocols based on the 2018 recommendation. We used a Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test to identify differences between categorical variables. Results: Over 98% of the criteria for 'essential elements for breast MRI protocol' were satisfied when compared with the 2018 Recommendation. Over 96% of the criteria for 'elements to consider when evaluating imaging quality' were also satisfied, except for the slice thickness (83.9%). Optional elements for breast MRI protocol were satisfied with various percentages. There were no statistically significant differences between groups of tertiary, secondary, and primary hospitals; however, 3 tesla of MRI (P = 0.04), subtraction image protocol (P = 0.032), and DWI protocol (P = 0.03) were used more frequently in the tertiary hospitals than in the others. Conclusion: We found that the categories of 'essential elements' and 'elements to consider when evaluating imaging quality' were satisfied at 98% and 96%, respectively, when compared with the 2018 Recommendation by the Breast Imaging Study Group of the Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2011

In this paper, a good quality mesh generation for the finite element method is investigated for artificial hip joint simulations. In general, bad meshes with a large aspect ratio or mixed elements can give rise to excessively long computational running times and extremely high errors. Typically, hexahedral elements outperform tetrahedral elements during three-dimensional contact analysis using the finite element method. Therefore, it is essential to mesh biologic structures with hexahedral elements. Four meshing schemes for the finite element analysis of an artificial hip joint are presented and compared: (1) tetrahedral elements, (2) wedge and hexahedral elements, (3) open cubic box hexahedral elements, and (4) proposed hexahedral elements. The proposed meshing scheme is to partition a part before seeding so that we have a high quality three-dimensional mesh which consists of only hexahedral elements. The von Mises stress distributions were obtained and analyzed. We also performed mesh refinement convergence tests for all four cases.