• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.33 no.4 s.131
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• pp.372-375
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• 2002

Mutagenic acivity of essential oils was tested using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 in the presence or absence of 59 fraction prepared from the mouse liver. Growth inhibitory effect of the oils on the bacteria was measured to warrant the mutagenic effect. Most oils were (round to be very strongly toxic against the bacteria at a high dose $(2,000{\mu}g/plate)$. At lower doses than this concentration, the Curcuma longa oil was found to be the most mutagenic with S9 fraction whereas it was not mutagenic without the fraction suggesting that this oil could undergo activation for the mutagenicity by cytochrome P45O. However, the mutagenicity of the Eugenia caryohpylata oil was disappeared under S9 fraction. Other oils obtained from Cinnamomum cassia, Chrysanthemum sibiricum, Paeonia moutan the flower of Artemisia princeps var. Orientalis, Allium sativum, were not mutagenic. This result suggested that antimutagenicity assay on the essential oil is necessary for the biological available substances.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.85-89
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• 2007

To determine whether the essential oil from Coriandum sativum and its main component, linalool, exhibit antifungal activity, we employed a broth dilution assay and disk diffusion test using common pathogenic Candida and Trichophyton species. Both coriander oil and linalool significantly inhibited growth of the tested fungi, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range of $0.03{\sim}2mg/ml$. Furthermore, in a checkerboard titer test, both the oil fraction and linalool exhibited synergism when combined with ketoconazole, with resultant FICIs ranging from 0.06 to 0.53. Notably, hyphal formation in C. albicans cells was obviously inhibited by C. sativum essential oil in this experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1982

Essential oil components were isolated from Korean aromatic tobaccos by using a simultaneous distillation and extraction apparatus. The essential oils were analyzed by GC/M S and date system. Forty-two volatile components were identified on the basis of their mass spectra. Determination of contents of essential oil components from Hyangcho and Sohyang was achieved by pseudo-multiple ion selection (Ml S) technique. Varietal differences were detected from the quantitative comparison of the MIS data.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2004

This paper was investigated to clarify the possibility of ammonia-gas removal by essential oil. First of all, the chemical analysis was performed to analyze the composition of an essential oil by GC-MS. The monoterpenes in an essential oil react with ammonia by neutralization and their reaction mechanism was elucidated. Based on their chemical neutralized reaction, the removal efficiencies of ammonia gas were studied to derive the optimal conditions in the scrubber tower such as optimal temperature and pH. The experimental result shows that the removal efficiency of ammonia gas was achieved over 80 % by the misty aerosol dispersion of scrubber tower.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.296-304
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• 2009

The nutritional significance of essential amino acids, as well as non-essential amino acids, is well documented in poultry production with regards to growth performance and protein accretion. However, the function of amino acids in the stress response is still unclear. L-Pipecolic acid, a L-lysine metabolite in the brain, induced a hypnotic and sedative effect acting via the ${\gamma}$- aminobutyric acid receptors. L-Arginine also induced a sedative effect via its metabolism to L-ornithine. In addition, three-carbon nonessential amino acids like L-alanine, L-serine and L-cysteine also induced sedative effects. These facts suggest that the requirement for amino acids in both essential and non-essential types may require reconsideration to add the concept of stress amelioration in the future.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.83-89
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• 2006

Objectives : To compare limonene, menthone and pulegone content from different part of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briquet. Methods : The quantitative content of essential oil was determined according to the method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. GC analysis of essential oil was carried out using a flame ionization detector. The results obtained were confirmed by GC/MS. Results : The content of essential was high on the leaf part. The content of menthone was higher than other ingredients. When compare the content observed by harvesting time, the highest pick was shown on middle of August. Conclusion : This research can be used to modify or feedbackthe article in the Korean Pharmacopoeia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.98-101
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• 1976

The essential amino acids composition of Green algae (chlorella ellipsoidea) that was isolated near the suwon was compared with that of soy flour and the provisional pattern of amino acids of reference protein of FAO and found that the limit amino acid was methionine. The rest of essential amino acids were distributed widely and abunduntly. While soy flour was defficient in methionine and valine on comparing with the provisional pattern. Slightly more content of methionine was recognized in chlorella protein than that of spirulina maxima which was reported to be eaten in the Lake Chard region of Africa and Mexico as a daily food. It was concluded that good quality protein is able to be synthesised from the wild alage if a qualified alage media was given to them.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.92-96
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• 2005

The antifungal activities of essential oils from the leaves of Glehnia littoralis, which is cultivated in Korea, were evaluated against pathogenic Trichophyton species by the broth dilution method and the disk diffusion test. Additionally, the effects of the oils together with ketoconazole were tested by the checkerboard titer test. The essential oil fraction and its main components showed significant inhibition of the tested Trichophyton fungi, with minimal inhibitor concentrations (MICs) in the range of 16-32 mg/ml. The results suggest that activities of this oil are based mainly on the contents of ${\alpha}-pinene$ (22.17%), the next prominent component of the oil fraction, while the first main components ${\beta}-pinene$ (57.83%) have relatively mild activity. The MICs of ${\alpha}-pinene$ and ${\beta}-pinene$ were 1-4 mg/ml and 4-32 mg/ml, respectively. Additionally the Glehnia oil fraction and its main components as well, exhibited significant synergism with ketoconazole against Trichophyton rubrum.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.175-178
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• 1995

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of cultivation area with different sea levels on essential oil in the root of Valeriana fauriei var. dasycarpa Hara (Valerianaceae). The total content of the essential oil was not different in various cultivation area, however, its composition varied. The major components were bornyl acetate and sesquiterpene alcohol in three cultivation areas. Among the valepotrate components known as major active components in Europe and Nepal valerian, valtrate was detected in a small amount, but the quantity was not changed.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.226-231
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• 2006

Artemisia vulgaris, one of the most religious plants in Nepal, is used in the treatment of various ailments. In this study, antioxidative activity of essential oil from A. vulgaris was evaluated, using different in vitro methods and antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method against skin disease microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acnes. The essential oil exhibited a concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. It showed strong metal chelating activity with low reducing and antioxidant power. However, gradual increase in radical scavenging activity was obtained with increasing concentration and reaction time. It also possessed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and notable susceptibility was observed against S. pyogenes and P. acnes.