• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 2000

Theoretically, alaryngeal speakers have difficulty in accomplishing the production of voiceless consonants. However, the perceptual studies often reveal a clear production of voiceless consonants giving good articulation scores in skilled alaryngeal speakers. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the production of voiceless stops in mode of articulation to normal speakers and skilled alaryngeal speakers. The acoustic characteristics of alaryngeal speech compared to the normal speech were investigated with special reference to the voiceless stop consonants. The surface electromyography from neck is used to monitor pharyngeal activity during speech. The general result is. that esophageal, shunt and neoglottal speakers realize the distinctions between the three types of [p] in a manner parallel to normals, whereas those using an electric voice generator do not.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2011

Background and Objectives : Temporary or permanent vocal paralysis can be occurred after head and neck surgery such as thyroid cancer, esophageal resection, and chest operation including lung parenchymal resection, due to a vagus or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. The authors aimed to determine the clinical efficacy of using Calcium-Hydroxyapatite (CaHA) for permanent unilateral vocal cord palsy patients. Materials and Method : Between July 2008 to July 2010, among patients with chief complain of hoarseness and aspiration, only who were diagnosed as unilateral vocal cord palsy under laryngoscopy, were selected. The patients included 3 females and 13 males age range between 29 to 79 and average age was 60 years old. Results : The hoarseness range were $8.94{\pm}0.77$, $4.63{\pm}1.02$, $4.31{\pm}1.30$ statistically showing significant postoperative improve at preoperative, 1 week and 3 months. Also aspiration were $7.44{\pm}2.48$, $3.63{\pm}1.82$, $3.19{\pm}1.91$ statistically improved during the same period. The result of voice analysis showed that the frequency range shows decrease at 1 week and 3 months after the injection compared to that of the preoperative result in both male and female group (Male: $161.63{\pm}32.78$ Hz, $139.13{\pm}30.63$ Hz, $146.67{\pm}34.20$ Hz ; Female: $244.62{\pm}26.62$ Hz, $244.91{\pm}42.03$ Hz, $237.50{\pm}38.95$ Hz). The Maximal phonation time were $2.75{\pm}1.06$ (sec), $8.88{\pm}3.46$ (sec), $8.44{\pm}3.71$ (sec) statistically showing significant postoperative improve at preoperative, 1 week and 3 months. Conclusion : Injection laryngoplasty with CaHA in unilateral vocal cord paralysis is very safe and efficient procedure to improve a voice disorder, a swallowing difficulty, and a quality of life for those patients with a sacrificed RLN, a cancer invasion of the nerve, and a prolonged vocal cord paralysis which is more than six to twelve months.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2020

Among lesions in the larynx, laryngeal contact granuloma due to persistent tissue irritation can typically be attributed to endotracheal intubation, vocal abuse, or gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Treatment typically includes voice therapy, lifestyle changes and use of anti-reflux medication. Microsurgical removal is only indicated in cases of severe dyspnea due to mass size. Foreign body granuloma is a response of to any foreign material in the tissue. Foreign body granulomas are sometimes misdiagnosed as soft tissue tumors when the causative foreign body is not initially found. Delayed treatment of these foreign bodies may cause complications. We present a case of larynx granuloma due to impacted foreign body, probably fish bone, in the larynx that mimicked contact granuloma. We initially used anti-reflux medication, but to no avail. The laryngeal mass, observed through laryngoscopy, showed no improvement and therefore necessitated a proper pathologic diagnosis. We were able to successfully treat it via trans-oral laser CO2 microsurgery before any complications developed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.617-632
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• 2022

Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) and voice prosthesis insertion following laryngectomy may fail to form an adequate seal. When spontaneous closure of the fistula tract does not occur after conservative measures, surgical closure is required. The purpose of this study was to summarize the available evidence on surgical methods for TEP site closure. A comprehensive search across PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane was performed to identify studies describing surgical techniques, outcomes, and complications for TEP closure. We evaluated the rate of unsuccessful TEP closure after surgical management. A meta-analysis with a random-effect method was performed. Thirty-four studies reporting on 144 patients satisfied inclusion criteria. The overall incidence of an unsuccessful TEP surgical closure was 6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1-13%). Subgroup analysis showed an unsuccessful TEP closure rate for silicone button of 8% (95% CI < 1-43%), 7% (95% CI < 1-34%) for dermal graft interposition, < 1% (95% CI < 1-37%) for radial forearm free flap, < 1% (95% CI < 1-52%) for ligation of the fistula, 17% (95% CI < 1-64%) for interposition of a deltopectoral flap, 9% (95% CI < 1-28%) for primary closure, and 2% (95% CI < 1-20%) for interposition of a sternocleidomastoid muscle flap. Critical assessment of the reconstructive modality should take into consideration previous history of surgery or radiotherapy. Nonirradiated fields and small defects may benefit from fistula excision and tracheal and esophageal multilayer closure. In cases of previous radiotherapy, local flaps or free tissue transfer yield high successful TEP closure rates. Depending on the defect size, sternocleidomastoid muscle flap or fasciocutaneous free flaps are optimal alternatives.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.555-560
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• 2006

Objectives : The objective of this study is to analyze what quality of life(QOL) scales are frequently used in cancer patients and lay a cornerstone to develop new QOL scales adequate for oriental medical anti-cancer treatment in the future. Methods : We searched 151 articles concerned with 'QOL and scale and cancer' from PubMed and classified them according to periods. nations. cancer types and symptoms. Results: 138 articles(91%) were published after 1996. 65 articles(43%) were published in USA. For breast. lung, prostate. esophageal cancer and melanoma. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-quiality of life questionaire(EORTC-QLQ) was used most frequently to evaluate quality of life. Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment(FACT) for bladder cancer. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) for colorectal cancer and of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire(UW-QOL) for Head & Neck cancer were used repeatedly. And for the patients with the symptoms such as bone marrow depression. depression. pain. dyspnea. nausea & vomiting and voice change. the investigators used EORTC-QLQ mainly to evaluate QOL. FACT-An(anemia) for anemia. FACT-BMT(bone marrow transplant) for bone marrow depression were applicated generally. Conclusions It is anticipated that further investigations will be performed to develop adequate QOL scales for oriental medical anti-cancer therapy.