• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.741-747
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the EMG activities of the trunk muscles when carrying a backpack with belts and without belts. Background: This research aimed to explore the influence of carrying a backpack with belts on the trunk muscles activity and to suggest a desirable method of wearing backpacks. Method: Seventy five adolescents participated in this study. The EMG activities of upper trapezious, cervical erector spinae and rectus abdominis were collected. One way ANOVA was used to analyze the collected data. LSD was used for post-hoc test. Results: The EMG data from treadmill walking showed significant differences between carrying a backpack with belts and without belts for the cervical erector spinae and upper trapezious(p<.05) in all group(A Group: no belt, B Group: lumbar belt, C Group: lumbar-chest belt). In descending walking, significant difference were found for the cervical erector spinae and rectus abdominis in all group. In ascending walking, there were no significant differences in all group. LSD showed that the muscle activity of the trunk muscles decreased significantly when the lumbar belt and lumbar-chest belt were worn. Conclusion: The trunk muscles activities were decreased when the subjects were wearing a backpack with belts, comparing with wearing a backpack without belts. Application: These results can be used to provide useful information on how wearing a backpack in adolescent.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a taping therapy as effective intervention for patients with the back pain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of taping intervention on the VAS evaluated score and he muscular activation degree among 119 paramedics with musculoskeletal injury. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, data was collected from 15 paramediecs in the paramedics department of 3 fire stations under J city's fire defense headquarters. The following results can be obtained by measuring the subjective, the back muscle strength and the buckling-anteflexion before and after the taping for 15 119 paramedics. Through the verification experiment of taping effect to paramedics during the stretcher lifting in this study the VAS evaluated score for the backache are $1.67{\pm}0.62$ before and $0.80{\pm}0.68$ after the application of taping which show statistically significant decrease(p<0.05). In the experimentof joint operation range the measured buckling anteflexion length are $14.62cm{\pm}4.89$ before and $16.41cm{\pm}4.11cm$ after the application of taping which show statistically meaningful difference(p<0.05). In the comparison of muscle activity about paramedics erector spinae(ES) shows the meaningful decrease and external obliques(EO) displays the significant increase. Erector spinae(ES) and internal obliques(IO) show the increasing trend in the muscle activity although they are not significant. the muscle activity for the erector spinae is lowered so that the contribution to the force required for the extensor during the stretcher lifting is resultingly reduced to have the effects of enhancing the activity of abdominal muscles.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) patterns on electromyography (EMG) activity in the rectus abdominis, internal abdominal oblique, external abdominal oblique, and erector spinae according to position changes. Methods: Ten healthy adults volunteered to participate in the study. The subjects were required to complete exercises that followed two PNF extremity patterns, namely, an upper extremity extension-adduction-internal rotation pattern and a lower extremity flexion-adduction-external rotation pattern. The exercises were applied in the supine, side-lying, and sitting positions. Repeated measure one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni correction were used to determine the influence of the patterns on muscle activity for each muscle, and descriptive statistics were then used to determine the local/global muscle ratios. Results: The upper extremity pattern had a significant effect on the rectus abdominis and erector spinae in the supine position, and on the internal oblique and external oblique in the sitting position (p<0.05). The median value for the internal oblique/rectus abdominis showed a high ratio of 2.05, and a high ratio of 1.01 was shown for the internal oblique/external oblique in the sitting position. The lower extremity pattern had a significant effect on the rectus abdominis in the side-lying position and on the internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae in the sitting position (p<0.05). The median value for the internal oblique/rectus abdominis showed a high ratio of 2.83 in the sitting position and a high ratio of 1.30 for the internal oblique/external oblique in the side-lying position. Conclusion: The PNF pattern increases local muscle activation in an unstable position. Therefore, when the pattern is used for intervention purposes, trunk stability and varied position changes should be taken into account.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of ultra sound (U/S) and chuna on lumbago by meridian muscle electrography (MMEG). we performed U/S and chuna on erector spinae muscle. Methods This study was carried out on 20 lumbago patients. 20 patients were divided into U/S group and chuna group. U/S group take treatment 5 minutes. Chuna group take treatment 10 minutes. After performing U/S and chuna treatment 6 times, we compared both in terms of VAS, ODI, ROM, root mean square (RMS) and special edge frequency (SEF) on erector spinae muscle. The effect of each treatments are compared by Wilcoxon's signed rank test. The difference of effect between both groups are compared by Wilcoxon's rank-sum test. Results 1. Both U/S group and chuna group showed significant improvement in VAS and ODI after treatment. 2. U/S group showed insignificant improvement in both RMS and SEF. 3. Chuna group showed significant improvement in SEF at left lower point and RMS at left upper point. 4. Both U/S group and chuna group showed insignificant improvement in ROM. 5. There are no significant differences between both groups except SEF at left upper point. Conclusions According to above results, we found out that performing U/S or chuna on erector spinae muscle has effect in terms of VAS and ODI. But, in terms of SEF, we found out different result for both side. And we can't found out effect in terms of RMS and ROM of L-spine.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.378-382
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of forward head posture on the flexion-relaxation ratio (FRR) and muscle activity during sustained neck flexion and to investigate the correlation between craniovertebral angle and FRR. Methods: Nineteen subjects participated in this study and were allocated to a forward head posture (FHP) group or a non-forward head posture (NFHP) group. Craniovertebral angle (CVA) and FRR were measured in all subjects, and all participants performed a standardized cervical flexion-extension movement in two phases: Phase I, sustained cervical full flexion for 5s; and Phase II, cervical extension with the return to the starting position for 5s. The value of CVA has calculated three times, and the value of FRR was measured three times in order to obtain the mean value. Results: FRR values in the FHP and NFHP group were significantly different (p<0.05). Phase I was significantly different, but the Phase II was not significantly different between the FHP and NFHP group (p>0.05). There was a significant correlation between the muscle activity of Phase I and CVA (p<0.05). However, FRR and the muscle activity of the Phase II were not a significant correlation with the CVA (p>0.05). Conclusion: FHP increases the muscle activity of the cervical erector spinae during sustained neck flexion and reduces FRR, which can cause fatigue in the cervical erector spinae. In addition, for those with a smaller CVA, muscle activity of the cervical erector spinae is increased during sustained neck flexion, which can increase neck muscle tension.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.117-120
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• 2001

Low back pain has been known as the most frequent musuculoskeletal disorders in modern industrial society and cost by low back pain is increasing mon and more. The asymmetric lifting has been identified as a major risk factor of low back pain. In this study, the muscle activity and muscle exertion level during asymmetric load handling (without trunk flexion) was estimated. The results of normalized MVC measurement were decreased about 16％, 24％, 34％ respectively as the asymmetric angle was $30^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$. From the results of EMG measurement contralateral muscles were more active than ipsilateral muscles. RMSEMG values of right erector spinae muscles were decreased as the work posture went to 90$^{\circ}$ and those of left erector spinae muscles were increased until the asymmetric angle was 40$^{\circ}$ but decreased continually over 40$^{\circ}$. And for seven of subjects, activities of left and right latissimus dorsi muscles were maintained constantly, while for remainer, those were irregular.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.940-947
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 플랫 벤치 프레스에서 하지를 지면에 지지한 자세와 하지를 벤치에 지지한 자세에서의 동작 수행 시 대흉근 및 척추기립근의 근 활성 분석을 통해 벤치 프레스 응용동작에 뒷받침 할 만 한 근거자료를 찾고, 운동수행에 관한 효율적인 기초자료를 제시하는데 있다. 대상자는 아마추어 보디빌더 4명, 헬스 트레이너 2명으로 선정하였다. 측정을 위해 연구대상들의 대흉근과 척추기립근에 표면전극을 부착하였다. 벤치 프레스에 대한 동작구간을 설정하고 하지를 지면에 지지한 동작과 하지를 벤치에 지지한 동작으로 나눠 피험자별 10RM으로 각각 1세트씩 실시하는 방식으로 진행하였다. 데이터는 SPSS 20.0을 통하여 분석하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 플랫 벤치 프레스 동작 시 하지의 지지 유형이 대흉근에는 영향을 미치지 않았지만, 척추기립근에서는 차이가 나타났다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the onset times of muscle activities and the order of muscle firing in erector spinae, multifidus, rectus abdominis and biceps brachii during perturbation between subjects with and without work-related chronic low back pain (LBP). Twenty-nine subjects, 14 with and 15 without LBP, participated in this study. The muscle responses were measured by surface EMG (electromyography) during perturbation in eye opened and eye closed conditions. The EMG onset times of the erector spinae, multifidus, rectus abdominis and biceps brachii were similar between groups in eye closed condition. But the onset times of the erector spinae, multifidus, rectus abdominis were significantly delayed in subjects with LBP in eye opened condition. The results provide an evidence for impaired feed-forward control of the trunk muscles in subjects with LBP. Further studies are needed to identify whether the impaired feed-forward control of the trunk muscles is the contributing factor to LBP.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2017

본 연구는 스마트폰 사용으로 인해 발생하는 전방머리자세의 유발 스트레스를 줄이기 위한 웨어러블 센서 착용이 전방머리자세 유발을 일으키는 목세움근과 위등세모근의 근피로에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 20~30대 건강한 성인을 대상으로 하여 일반적으로 스마트폰을 사용하는 대조군, 전방머리자세에 대한 자세를 의식하며 사용하는 비착용군 그리고 웨어러블 센서를 착용하는 실험군으로 나누어 근활성도를 살펴보았다. 목세움근과 윗등세모근의 근활성도는 대조군, 비착용군, 실험군과 비교하여 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 목세움근의 근활성도의 변화는 모든 군에서 증가하였고, 윗등세모근의 경우 비착용군과 대조군에 비해 착용군의 근활성도가 증가하였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 즉 웨어러블 센서의 착용은 의식적인 자세 조절에 있어서 효과적일 수 있지만 다른 부위의 근긴장을 유발 할 수도 있다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.354-358
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the effects of bridge exercise with resistance to one hip joint adductor muscle on the thickness of external and internal oblique abdominal muscles, transversus abdominis muscle, and erector spinae muscle. Methods: The subjects were divided into two exercise groups: 15 for Bridge Exercise Group (BEG) and 15 for One Hip joint Adduction Bridge Exercise Group (OHABEG). The study used an ultrasonic instrument to measure trunk muscle thickness. OHABEG performed a bridge exercise with one hip Joint adduction. BEG performed a bridge exercise without resistance. Results: The external oblique abdominal, internal oblique abdominal, and the transversus abdominis muscles showed a significant increase by period and time in intra-group interactions (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference in inter-group changes (p>0.05). The erector spinae muscle had a significant increase in each period (p<0.05) but no significant difference in time, intra-group interactions, and in inter-group changes (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that bridge exercise with one hip joint adduction had positive effects on trunk muscle thickness. These results confirm that a bridge exercise with one hip joint adduction has a positive effect on the muscle thickness of trunk, suggesting the possibility of using it as a rehabilitation treatment for a lumbar stabilization exercise and as a basic data.