• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
• /
• pp.182-189
• /
• 2000

This paper presents a simple and reliable constitutive model for predicting the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete subjected to general membrane loadings. Based on the concept of equivalent uniaxial strain, constitutive relations of concrete are presented in the axes of orthotropy. The behavior of cracked concrete is described by a system of orthogonal cracks, which follows the principal strain directions and rotates according to the loading history. Simple hysteretic rules defining the cyclic stress-strain curves of concrete and steel are used. In addition, the stiffness and strength degradation of cracked concrete is included in the formulation. Correlation studies between analytical results and experimental values from idealized shear panel tests are conducted with the objective to establish the validity of the proposed model.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.64-68
• /
• 2005

In recent years, there has been a growth of the manufacture and application of magnesium products because of its small specific gravity as well as its relatively high strength. However, there are so many studies to assure good formability because magnesium sheet alloy is difficult to form. In this study, uniaxial tensile and biaxial tensile test of AZ31 magnesium sheet alloy with thickness of 1.2mm were performed at room temperature. Uniaxial tensile test were performed until $7\%$ of engineering strain. R-values and stress-strain curve were obtained. Biaxial tensile tests with cruciform specimen were performed until the breakdown of the specimen occurs. The yield loci are made by application of plastic work theory. The results are compared with the theoretical predictions based on the Hill and Logan-Hosford model. However, next study will be performed at warm-temperature because the specimens are broken under the $0.5\%$ of equivalent strain at biaxial tensile test.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 2017

각종 기공과 같은 결함을 허용하는 다이캐스팅 부품의 강도를 현장 수준에서 평가할 수 있는 이론적 방법을 제안한다. 결함을 갖는 부재의 탄성시험을 통해 강성도를 구하고 이를 결함이 없는 이론적 강성도와 비교함으로써 등가 기공률을 산출한다. 등가 기공률 식은 Eshelby의 함유이론으로부터 유도하였다. 산출된 등가 기공률은 Mori-Tanaka 법을 이용하여 기공결함을 포함하는 재료의 응력-변형률 선도를 그리기 위하여 사용된다. 본 연구에서는 Hollomon 변형경화 모델을 사용하였다. 이 응력-변형률 선도를 이용하면 균일분포의 기공결함을 갖는 다이캐스팅 부재의 강도를 평가할 수 있게 된다. 등가 기공률을 고려한 하나의 이론해로서 직사각형 단면의 다이캐스팅 보에 대한 삼점 굽힘의 탄소성 강도를 소성힌지의 방법으로 유도하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 1995년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.185-193
• /
• 1995

The softening behaviors of concrete have been the object of numerous experimental and numerical studies, because the load carrying capacity of cracked concrete structure is not zero. Numerical studies are devoted to the investigation of three-dimensional softening behaviors of concrete on the basis of a viscoplastic theory, which may be able to represent the effects of plasticity and also of rheology. In order to properly describe material behaviors corresponding to different stress levels, two surfaces in stress space are adopted; one is a yield surface, and the other is a failure or bounding surface. When a stress path reaches the failure surface, it is considered that the softening behaviors are initiated as micro-cracks coalesce and are simulated by assuming that the actual strain increments in the post-peak region are less than the equivalent viscoplastic strain increment. The experimental studies and the finite element analyses have been carried out under the displacement control. Numerically simulated results indicate that the model is able to predict the essential characteristics of concrete behaviors such as the non-linearity, stiffness degradation, different behaviors in tension and compression, and specially dilatation under uniaxial compression.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.320-327
• /
• 2005

Liquefaction characteristics of saturated sand under various dynamic loadings such as sinusoidal, wedge, increasing wedge and real earthquake loading are investigated focusing on the excess pore water pressure build up instead of liquefaction resistance strength in this paper. There are large differences between two types of earthquake loading - impact and vibration in liquefaction characteristics. The angle of phase change line of sinusoidal loading is very close to the vibration type, whereas the cumulative deviator stress and cumulative plastic strain are larger than two types of real earthquake loadings. On the other hand, the liquefaction characteristics of increasing wedge loadings are located in the range between vibration and impact earthquake loadings. It is concluded that the sinusoidal loading overestimates the resistance of soil under real earthquake loading. Based on results obtained, the increasing wedge loading can reflect the liquefaction behavior under real earthquake loadings more efficiently than sinusoidal loading based on equivalent uniform stress concept.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.436-441
• /
• 1997

This paper presents the compressive stress distribution model appropriate to predict the ultimate strength of structural elements using ultra high-strength concrete. From the results of this investigation, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. The constant value of strain at extreme concrete compression fiber of 0.0027 is seen to represent satisfactorily the experimental result for ultra high-strength concrete. 2. The current ACI-318 rectangular stress block parameters were found to overestimate the moment capacity of ultra high-strength concrete columns with eccentrically loaded. 3. The equivalent trapezoidal stress distribution model with new parameter $\lambda_1$ and $\lambda_2$ was developed.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.205-208
• /
• 2001

Localized shear band is investigated through the analysis of one-dimensional model for simple shearing deformation of thermally rate dependent material. Generally mesh size or interval of nodes play an important role in determining the overall flow behavior of the material. In order to observe these size effects we adapted non-local theory by including higher order strain gradients of the equivalent strain into the constitutive equation for the flow stress. for the ease of convergence and numerical stability the inplicit finite difference scheme is employed.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.335-343
• /
• 2003

철근 콘크리트 보의 휨 해석 시 적용되는 콘크리트 압축연단의 극한변형률(${\varepsilon}$$_{cu}$) 과 등가응력블럭 계수(${\beta)$$_1$)는 1축 뿐 만 아니라 2축 휨 해석에도 적용될 수 있는 것으로 여러 실험결과를 통하여 검증되었다. 그러나 2축 휨을 받는 기둥 단면에서와 같이 압축영역이 비직사각형인 경우 극한변형률과 등가응력블럭 계수는 압축영역이 직사각형인 경우와 달라지게 되고, 이와 같은 압축영역 형태에 따른 콘크리트 응력분포 특성의 변화는 기둥과 같이 고축력을 받는 경우 단면의 휨 강도에 중요한 영향을 끼치게 된다. 그러나 ACI318-99에서 제시하는 기둥의 2축 휨 설계도표는 1축과 2축 휨 해석에 동일한 응력분포 특성치를 적용하여 산출되었다. 본 논문에서는 중립축 각도와 깊이에 따른 응력분포 특성을 파악하고 이를 합리적으로 수식화 함으로써 수정된 단면 소성해석 모델을 제시하였다. 또한 제시된 소성해석 모델을 적용한 기둥 단면해석 Program을 개발하고 해석 결과를 기존의 소성해석 모델 및 실험결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.111-121
• /
• 2023

This paper intends to introduce the applicability of HydroQus to a problem of a tanker collision against a semi-submersible type floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT). HydroQus is a plug-in based on potential flow theory that generates interactive hydroforces in a commercial Finite element analysis (FEA) code Abaqus/Explicit. Frequency response analyses were conducted for a 10MW capacity FOWT to obtain hydrostatic and hydrodynamic constants. The tanker was modeled with rigid elements, while elastic-plastic elements were used for the FOWT. Mooring chains were modeled to implement station keeping ability of the FOWT. Two types of fracture models were considered: constant failure strain model and combined failure strain model HC-LN model composed of Hosford-Coulomb (HC) model & localized necking (LN) model. The damage extents were evaluated by hydroforces and failure strain models. The largest equivalent plastic strain observed in the cases where both restoring force and radiation force were considered. Stress triaxiality and damage indicator analysis showed that the application of HC-LN model was suitable. It could be stated that applications of suitable failure strain model and hydrodynamics into the collision simulations were of importance.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2005

It has been well hewn that ductile fracture of steels is accelerated by triaxial stresses. The characteristics of ductile crack initiation in steels are evaluated quantitatively using a two-parameters criterion based on equivalent plastic strain and stress triaxiality. The present study focuses on the effects of strength mismatch, which can elevate plastic constraint due to heterogeneous plastic straining, on the critical condition for ductile fracture initiation usinga two-parameter criterion. Fracture initiation testing has been conducted under static loading using notched round bar specimens which had different notch locations. This study provides the fundamental clarification of the effect of strength mismatching and effect of notch location on the critical condition to ductile crack initiation from notch root using fuite element method and ultrasonic-mechatronics system. The critical condition of ductile crack initiation from notch root of strength mismatched tensile specimens under static loading appeared to be almost the same as those of homogeneous tensile specimens with circumferential sharp notch specimen. Also, the effect of notch location in mismatched specimens was estimated using finite element(FE) analyses.