• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.643-645
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• 1999

In experiment, a real inverted pendulum system has state constraints and limited amplitude of input. These problems make it difficult to design a swing-up controller. To overcome these problems, we design a sliding mode controller considering physical behaviour of the inverted pendulum system. This sliding mode controller uses a switching control action to converge along a specified path derived from energy equation from a state around the path to desired states(standing position). And optimal control method is used to guarantee stability at unstable equilibrium position. The designed controller can be applied to all inverted pendulum systems regardless of the values of their parameters. Compared with previous existing controllers, it is simple and easy to tune. Experimental results are given to show the effectiveness of this controller.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.208-215
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• 1998

A stability problems of isotropic shells under pure bending is investigated based on the classical shells theory. The governing equations of stability problem presented by Donnell and Love, are developed and the solutions for the cylindrical shells are obtained by using Galerkin method. Bending moment is applied at the ends of the cylindrical shell as a from of distributed load in the shape of sine curve. For the isotropic materials, the result of the general purpose structural analysis program based on the finite element method are compared with the critical moment obtained from the classical shell theories. The critical loads for the cylindrical shells with various geometry can not be evaluated with a simple equation. However, accurate solutions for the stability problems of cylindrical shells can be obtained through the equilibrium equation developed in the study.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.1157-1176
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• 2015

This study presents optimizing structural topology patterns using regularization of Heaviside function. The present method needs not filtering process to typical SIMP method. Using the penalty formulation of the SIMP approach, a topology optimization problem is formulated in co-operation, i.e., couple-signals, with design variable values of discrete elements and a regularized Heaviside step function. The regularization of discontinuous material distributions is a key scheme in order to improve the numerical problems of material topology optimization with 0 (void)-1 (solid) solutions. The weak forms of an equilibrium equation are expressed using a coupled regularized Heaviside function to evaluate sensitivity analysis. Numerical results show that the incorporation of the regularized Heaviside function and the SIMP leads to convergent solutions. This method is tested using several examples of a linear elastostatic structure. It demonstrates that improved optimal solutions can be obtained without the additional use of sensitivity filtering to improve the discontinuous 0-1 solutions, which have generally been used in material topology optimization problems.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.147-175
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• 2006

One of the biggest problems of Korean economy is polarization of firms for export and domestic demand and that of conglomerates and SME's achievement. One of the culprits lies weakness of intermediate industry such as machine tool. Since intermediate industry is important path where export performance affects domestic demand and whose actor usually is SMEs with high spill over effect in labor market. Especially, intermediate industry Is vulnerable because of industrial policy biased In backward linkage effect. However if a country fails to develop intermediate industry above some critical point, that country would fall in low-tech equilibrium without growth. In case of benign circle where final goods industry growth leads growth of intermediate industry and again it leads that of final goods industry, it can reach high-tech equilibrium. By contrast, in opposite case where in industrialization latecomer fails to link industries likewise above some critical point that country would fall in low-tech equilibrium without growth. Moreover, for several reasons, machine tool firms of Korea have difficulty in catching up technology above critical point. Firstly. Conglomerate demander neglects their product. Secondly, even after success of development overcoming difficulties they fail to get market share for response of dumping of foreign competitors. And the last one is patent litigation of foreign competitors that incapacitate the technology development. For these, Korean machine tool firms fell in 'middle-income country trap' itself, since they stuck in some extent when they technologically catch up. Consequently, for latecomer country in machine tool industry to leapfrog meaningfully policy support is necessary, Weak intermediate industry does not Induce domestic firms and remained fragile. Therefore, localization, policy should reflect condition of technological catch up more than before, in order to be effective and fruitful. There should be turning point over relationship between conglomerates, major demander of machine tool and SME's, for only with active purchasing of conglomerate Korean machine industry can grow.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2004

본 연구는 점토층위의 모래지반에 위치하는 표면기초의 극한지지력에 대해 이론적으로 조사하였다. 실용적인 적용을 위하여 표면기초의 지지력에 관한 연구들에 대한 검토와 논의가 제시되며, 한계해석(Limit Analysis)의 운동학적 접근방법을 이용하여 정해의 극한 지지력이 계산되었다. 운동학적 해는 상한값이며 해의 정확성은 파괴메카니즘의 형상에 달려 있다. 이러한 방법은 설계도표를 만드는데 편리할 뿐만 아니라 물성치의 영향을 추정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 범용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 ABAQUS를 사용하여 탄소성 이론에 근거하여 극한지지력을 계산하였다. 운동학적 방범으로 계산된 결과와 유한요소 해석, 한계평형론에 근거한 몇몇 알려진 식들(Yamaguchi, Meyerhof와 Okamura 등)에 의한 결과를 비교하였다. 아울러, 운동학적 방법에 의한 제안식과 유한요소해석 결과와 한계평형해석 결과의 유효성에 대하여 검증하였다.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.207-223
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• 2015

In this paper a method for simultaneous swift non-linear analysis and optimal design/posture of mechanical/biomechanical systems is presented. The method is developed to get advantages of iterations in non-linear analysis and/or generations in genetic algorithm (GA) for the purpose of efficient analysis within the optimal design/posture. The method is applicable for both size and geometry optimizations wherein material and geometry non-linearity are present. In addition to established mechanical systems, the method can solve biomechanical models of human musculoskeletal system. Optimization-based procedures are popular methods for resolving the redundancy at joints wherein the number of unknown muscle forces is far more than the number of equilibrium equations. These procedures involve optimization of a cost function(s) which is assumed to be consistent with the central nervous system's strategy when activating muscles to assure equilibrium. However, because of the complexity of biomechanical problems (i.e., due to non-linear biomaterial, large deformation, redundancy of the problem and so on) efficient analysis are required within optimization procedures as suggested in this paper.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제5A권4호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2005

At present, the Cournot model is one of the most commonly used theories to analyze the gaming situation in an oligopoly type market. However, several problems exist in the successful application of this model to the electricity market. The representative one is obtaining the inverse demand curve able to be induced from the relationship between market price and demand response. In the Cournot model, each player offers their generation quantity to obtain maximum profit, which is accomplished by reducing their quantity compared with available total capacity. As stated above, to obtain the probable Cournot equilibrium to reflect the real market situation, we have to induce the correct demand function first of all. Usually the correlation between price and demand appears over the long-term through statistical data analysis (for example, regression analysis) or by investigating consumer utility functions of several consumer groups classified as residential, industrial, and commercial. However, the elasticity has a tendency to change continuously according to the total market demand size or the level of market price. Therefore it should be updated as the trading period passes by. In this paper we propose a method for inducing and updating this price elasticity of demand function for more realistic market equilibrium.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.168-170
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• 2005

At present Cournot model is one of the most commonly used theories to analyze the gaming situation in oligopoly market. But there exist several problems to apply this model to electricity market. The representative one is to obtain the inverse demand curve able to be induced from the relationship between market price and demand response. In Cournot model, each player offers their generation quantity to accomplish maximum profit, which is accomplished by reducing their quantity compared with available total capacity. As stated above, to obtain the probable Cournot equilibrium to reflect real market situation, we have to induce the correct demand function first of all. Usually the correlation between price and demand appears on the long-term basis through the statistical data analysis (for example, regression analysis) or by investigating consumer utility functions of several consumer groups classified as residential, industrial, and commercial. However, the elasticity has a tendency to change continuously according to the total market demand size or the level of market price. Therefore it should be updated as trading period passes by. In this paper we propose a method for inducing and updating this price elasticity of demand function for more realistic market equilibrium

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.277-284
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 적분변환에 의한 해법을 사용하여 폐형으로 주어지는 엄밀해를 얻었다. 먼저 평면에 수직한 방향의 변위를 도입하여 주어진 문제를 Mellin 변환하 고 수식화 하면 Wiener-Hopf 방정식이 주어진다.이 방정식을 푼 다음 변위에 관한 적분 표현식을 점근(asymptotic)전개하여 평가하면 균열선단 부근의 변위가 결정된다. 이로부터 폐형(closed form)으로 구성되는 균열선단부근의 응력확대계수(stress in- tensity factor)를 얻었다. 이 결과를 가지고 특정한 경우에 해당되는 기존의 연구 결과와 비교하였다. 특별히 가해진 하중이 자기평형(self equilibrium)을 이루는 경 우에 한정하여 계면에 인접한 재료의 결과와 동일함을 무한고체물에 대한 해석에서 보 인 바 있는데, 이와같은 정성적인 결과가 본문제와 같이 계면방향 표면균열을 지니는 반무한 크기의 고체물에서도 유지되는가를 검토하였다. 아울러 본 연구와 동일한 모 양의 균열이라면 고체물표면 혹은 균열면에 임의로 분포하는 비평면하중문제에 대한 응력확대계수는 본 연구의 결과를 가지고 간단한 적분을 수행함으로써 용이하게 계산 됨을 보였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.974-980
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• 2008

Generally. most of the physical systems affected by disturbance or incomplete knowledge are complex and highly nonlinear. To control under these circumstances. many researches are ongoing in modern control theory recently. But the researches need apparatuses. which can verify the controller for being not damaged the real plant. In this paper. therefore. a seesaw system is considered control system to analyze and apply the control theory. A seesaw system consists of a moving cart on the rail and seesaw frame made to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control theory. The system has balancing and positioning problems. and the driving force is applied on the DC motor of cart. but not on the pivot. The purpose of control is to maintain an equilibrium of seesaw frame in spite of an allowable disturbance. Computer simulations are given to illustrate the control performance of the proposed scheme.