• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2017

During the extensive survey of the prokaryotic species diversity in Korea, bacterial strains belonging to Betaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria were isolated from various sources including freshwater, sediment, soil and fish. A total of 23 isolates were obtained, among which 22 strains were assigned to the class Betaproteobacteria and one strain to the class Epsilonproteobacteria. The 22 betaproteobacterial strains were further assigned to Comamonadaceae (11 strains), Burkholderiaceae (6 strains), Oxalobacteraceae (2 strains), Neisseriaceae (1 strain) and unclassified family groups (2 strains). For the strains of Burkholderiaceae, 3 strains were identified as 3 species of Burkholderia, and 2 strains were as 2 species of Cupriavidus. For the strains of Comamonadaceae, 4 strains were identified as 2 species of the genus Hydrogenophaga, 2 strains as 2 species of Acidovorax, 2 strains as 2 species of Limnohabitans, and each of the remaining strains as single species of Comamonas, Curvibacter and Rhodoferax, respectively. For the strains of Oxalobacteraceae, 1 strain was identified as a species of Undibacterium, and the other strain as a species of Herbaspirillum. The strain belonging to Neisseriaceae was identified as a species of Iodobacter. The remaining strains of Betaproteobacteria were identified as species of Sphaerotilus and Methylibium respectively (family unassigned). The epsilonproteobacterial strain was identified as a species of Arcobacter of the family Camplyobacteraceae. The detailed description of each unrecorded species is provided.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.161-175
• /
• 2019

During a comprehensive investigation of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 46 bacterial strains assigned to the classes Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Epsilonproteobacteria were isolated from a diversity of habitats including freshwater, seawater, brackish water, ginseng soil, plant roots, natural caves, and tidal flats. Based on their high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (>98.7%) and formation of strongly-supported phylogenetic clades with the closest type species, each strain was assigned to an independent, predefined bacterial species. Since there were no published or official reports regarding the isolation of these 46 species in Korea, here we report them as new species to Korea: 34 species in 14 families in the five orders of Alphaproteobacteria, 10 species in five families in the three orders of Betaproteobacteria, one species of Deltaproteobacteria and one species of Epsilonproteobacteria. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are described in the species description section.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.328-331
• /
• 2012

울릉도 연안의 심해(1500 m)에 서식하는 미생물의 다양성을 조사하였다. Ultramembrane filter를 사용하여 해양미생물을 여과한 다음 미생물군집 DNA를 정제하여 16S rDNA를 증폭하였다. Pyrosequencing 방법으로 염기서열을 분석한 결과 총 13,029 reads를 얻었으며, 이중에 54.1%가 uncultured bacteria, 23.4%가 alphaproteobacteria, 22.3%가 gammaproteobacteria이었고 flavobacteria, actinobacteria, epsilonproteobacteria 등이 0.2%이내에서 분포하고 있었다. 울릉도 지역의 해양심층수에서 배양이 가능한 것으로 알려진 미생물로서는 alphaproteobacteria의 Rhodobacteraceae과 (family), gammaproteobacteria의 Alteromonadaceae, Halomonadaceae, Piscirickettsiaceae과가 주로 분포하였다.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.289-298
• /
• 2020

As part of the research program "2018 Rapid screening and identification of freshwater microorganisms using MALDI-TOF/MS library" freshwater samples were collected from a branch of the Nakdong River. Almost 300 antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains were isolated from freshwater samples and subsequently identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Seventeen strains among the isolates shared high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.0%) with known species that were not previously recorded in Korea, and each of the isolates also formed a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species. These species were phylogenetically diverse, belonging to four phyla, seven classes, 10 orders, and 13 genera. At the genus and class level, the previously unrecorded species belonged to Rhodovarius, Xanthobacter, and Shinella of the class Alphaproteobacteria; Ottowia, Simplicispira, and Zoogloea of Betaproteobacteria; Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Shewanella of Gammaproteobacteria; Arcobacter of Epsilonproteobacteria; Sphingobacterium of Sphingobacteriia; Trichococcus of Bacilli; and Leucobacter of Actinobacteria. The previously unrecorded species were further characterized by examining their gram-staining, colony and cell morphology, biochemical properties, and phylogenetic position.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.193-201
• /
• 2018

Culturable bacterial diversity was investigated using freshwater and sediment samples collected from the North Han River basin in 2017, as a part of the research program 'Survey of freshwater organisms and specimen collection'. Over a thousand bacterial strains were isolated from the samples and identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Among the bacterial isolates, 22 strains showing higher than 98.7% sequence similarity with validly published bacterial species, but not reported in Korea, were classified as unrecorded species in Korea. The 22 bacterial strains were phylogenetically diverse and assigned to 6 classes, 11 orders, 15 families, and 21 different genera. At the generic level, the unreported species were affiliated with Flavobacterium of the class Flavobacteria, Flexibacter of the class Cytophagia, Blastomonas, Brevundimonas, Elstera, Rhizobium, Roseomonas, Sphingomonas, and Xanthobacter of the class Alphaproteobacteria, Albidiferax, Cupriavidus, Curvibacter, Ferribacterium, Hydrogenophaga, Iodobacter, Limnohabitans, Polaromonas, Undibacterium, and Variovorax of the class Betaproteobacteria, Pseudomonas of the class Gammaproteobacteria, and Arcobacter of the class Epsilonproteobacteria. The unreported bacterial species were further characterized by examining Gram reaction, colonial and cellular morphology, and biochemical properties. The detailed descriptions of 22 strains of the unreported bacterial species are also provided.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 2019

Owing to a distinct environmental regime and anthropogenic effects, freshwater bacterial communities of urban streams are considered to be different from those of large freshwater lakes and rivers. To obtain unrecorded, freshwater bacterial species in Korea, water and sediment samples were collected from various urban streams of the Han River watershed in 2018. After plating the freshwater samples on R2A agar, approximately 1000 bacterial strains were isolated from the samples as single colonies and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. A total of 26 strains, with >98.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with validly published bacterial species but not reported in Korea, were determined to be unrecorded bacterial species in Korea. The unrecorded bacterial strains were phylogenetically diverse and belonged to four phyla, six classes, 12 orders, 16 families, and 21 genera. At the generic level, the unreported species were assigned to Nocardioides, Streptomyces, Microbacterium, Kitasatospora, Herbiconiux, Corynebacterium, and Microbacterium of the class Actinobacteria; Paenibacillus and Bacillus of the class Bacilli; Caulobacter, Methylobacterium, Novosphingobium, and Porphyrobacter of the class Alphaproteobacteria; Aquabacterium, Comamonas, Hydrogenophaga, Laribacter, Rivicola, Polynucleobacter, and Vogesella of the class Betaproteobacteria; Arcobacter of the class Epsilonproteobacteria; and Flavobacterium of the class Flavobacteriia. The details of the 26 unreported species, including Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, biochemical properties, and phylogenetic position are also provided in the strain descriptions.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.197-214
• /
• 2019

The taxonomic hierarchy of the phylum Proteobacteria was assessed, after which the isolation and classification state of Proteobacteria species with valid names for Korean indigenous isolates were studied. The hierarchical taxonomic system of the phylum Proteobacteria began in 1809 when the genus Polyangium was first reported and has been generally adopted from 2001 based on the road map of Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Until February 2018, the phylum Proteobacteria consisted of eight classes, 44 orders, 120 families, and more than 1,000 genera. Proteobacteria species isolated from various environments in Korea have been reported since 1999, and 644 species have been approved as of February 2018. In this study, all novel Proteobacteria species from Korean environments were affiliated with four classes, 25 orders, 65 families, and 261 genera. A total of 304 species belonged to the class Alphaproteobacteria, 257 species to the class Gammaproteobacteria, 82 species to the class Betaproteobacteria, and one species to the class Epsilonproteobacteria. The predominant orders were Rhodobacterales, Sphingomonadales, Burkholderiales, Lysobacterales and Alteromonadales. The most diverse and greatest number of novel Proteobacteria species were isolated from marine environments. Proteobacteria species were isolated from the whole territory of Korea, with especially large numbers from the regions of Chungnam/Daejeon, Gyeonggi/Seoul/Incheon, and Jeonnam/Gwangju. Most Halomonadaceae species isolated from Korean fermented foods and solar salterns were halophilic or halotolerant. Air-borne members of the genera Microvirga, Methylobacterium, and Massilia had common characteristics in terms of G+C content, major respiratory quinones, and major polar lipids.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.227-236
• /
• 2021

To obtain unrecorded freshwater bacterial species in Korea, water and sediment samples were collected from streams, lakes, and wetland of the Han River watershed in 2020. Approximately 800 bacterial strains were isolated on R2A agar after aerobic or anaerobic incubation, and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequences. A total of 28 strains, with ≥98.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with validly published bacterial species but not reported in Korea, were determined to be unrecorded bacterial species in Korea. The unrecorded bacterial strains were phylogenetically diverse and belonged to four phyla, eight classes, 13 orders, 19 families, and 25 genera. The unreported species were assigned to Acetobacter, Alsobacter, Mesorhizobium, Prosthecomicrobium, and Microvirga of the class Alphaproteobacteria; Vogesella, Formosimonas, Aquincola, Massilia, Acidovorax, and Brachymonas of the class Betaproteobacteria; Pseudoxanthomonas, Thermomonas, Lysobacter, Enterobacter, Kosakonia, and Acinetobacter of the class Gammaproteobacteria; Sulfuricurvum of the class Epsilonproteobacteria; Mycolicibacterium, Agromyces, Phycicoccus, and Microbacterium of the class Actinobacteria; Paenibacillus of the class Bacilli; Clostridium of the class Clostridia; and Flavobacterium of the class Flavobacteriia. The details of the unreported species, including Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic position are also provided in the description of the strains.