• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5495-5501
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• 2013

Background: Alu elements are one of the most common repetitive sequences that now constitute more than 10% of the human genome and potential targets for epigenetic alterations. Correspondingly, methylation of these elements can result in a genome-wide event that may have an impact in cancer. However, studies investigating the genome-wide status of Alu methylation in cancer remain limited. Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) presents with high incidence in South-East Asia and thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the Alu methylation status in OSCCs and explore with the possibility of using this information for diagnostic screening. We evaluated Alu methylation status in a) normal oral mucosa compared to OSCC; b) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of normal controls comparing to oral cancer patients; c) among oral epithelium of normal controls, smokers and oral cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Alu methylation was detected by combined bisulfite restriction analysis (COBRA) at 2 CpG sites. The amplified products were classified into three patterns; hypermethylation ($^mC^mC$), partial methylation ($^uC^mC+^mC^uC$), and hypomethylation ($^uC^uC$). Results: The results demonstrate that the $%^mC^mC$ value is suitable for differentiating normal and cancer in oral tissues (p=0.0002), but is not significantly observe in PBMCs. In addition, a stepwise decrease in this value was observed in the oral epithelium from normal, light smoker, heavy smoker, low stage and high stage OSCC (p=0.0003). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses demonstrated the potential of combined $%^mC$ or $%^mC^mC$ values as markers for oral cancer detection with sensitivity and specificity of 86.7% and 56.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Alu hypomethylation is likely to be associated with multistep oral carcinogenesis, and might be developed as a screening tool for oral cancer detection.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalent allergens causing canine atopic dermatitis in Daejeon area. Twenty two dogs were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis by an using intradermal skin test (IDST). Allergens used for the IDST included 33 allergen extracts from nine allergen groups: house dust mites (HDM), house dust, moulds, trees, weeds, grasses, insects/fleas, epithelia and others. The 22 purebred dogs with atopic dermatitis enrolled in this study included Shi-tzus (10/22, 45.5%), Yorkshire terriers (5/22, 22.7%), Miniature pinschers (4/22, 18.2%), Pugs (2/ 22, 9.1 %) and Cocker spaniels (1/22, 4.5%). The age of onset of atopic dermatitis ranged from 5 months to 5 years old (median: 1.79 years). The males (12/22, 54.5%) and females (10/22, 45.5%) were almost equal. The number of positive reactions to allergens recorded in each dog with atopic dermatitis was 3 (9/22, 40.9%), 2 (8/22, 36.4%), 1 (3/ 22, 13.6%) and 4 (2/22, 9.1 %), respectively. The most common positive allergen reaction was HDM (52.6%). The other positive allergen reactions recorded were from house dust (17.5%), insects/fleas (15.8%), trees (5.3%), moulds (3.5%), kapok (3.5%), silk (3.5%), epithelia (1.8%), weeds (0%) and grasses (0%), respectively. Positive reactions recorded to Dermatophagoides farinae and D. pteronyssinus were in 53.3% and 46.7%, respectively. The IDST results demonstrate that the most common causative allergens in canine atopic dermatitis in Daejeon area were HDM.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-29
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• 1996

This study was conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis of Aujeszky's disease virus(ADV) by histopathologic examination. The first Korean ADV Isolate, which was isolated from piglets with clinical signs of Aujeszky's disease in Yangsan(YS) county, Kyungnam province, was inoculated into 32 days old piglets with a dose of $10^{5.9}$$TCID_{50}/ml$ through intranasal or intramuscular route. These piglets were sacrificed at intervals of every 24hrs for 8 days. The virulence of YS strain was determined by the observation of clinical signs, gross findings, and histopathologic changes in tissues. The virus recovery test was performed from brain, spleen, lung and tonsil in cell culture. The pathogenesis of YS strain was determined by the observation of histopathologlc lesions in CNS and neuronal tracts. The major clinical signs were fever, anorexia, dyspnea, constipation, tremor, ataxia, circling movement, hindleg paralysis and salivation. The clinical signs were more severe in piglets of the group inoculated intranasally than those of the intramuscularly inoculated gorup. Lymphocytopenia was detected on day 5 to day 6 postinoculation (PI). The ADV was recovered from the tissue homogenates of tonsil, lung, spleen and cerebrum in cell culture. The highest virus titer was detected from tonsil between day 6 and day 7 PI. Reddish sublobar consolidation foci were scattered in the apical and cardiac lobes of lung. Although yellowish necrotic foci were detected in tonsil and liver, hemorrhagic lesions were mainly observed in heart, kidney and lymph nodes. Histopathologically, degeneration and necrosis of nerve cells, nonsuppurative meningoe-ncephalitis, nodular gliosis and perivascular cuffings were observed in CNS. Multifocal fibronecrotic foci were observed in lung, liver, lymph nodes and spleen. The major pathologic changes were detected in the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were mainly observed in epithelia and /or macrophages of tonsil, liver, lung, spleen and submandibular lymph nodes, and neurons of brain, respectively. Observation of viral particles at various stages of replication were possible from the endothelial cells of the alveolar capillaries and tonsillar crypt epithelia by transmission electron microscope.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.477-483
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the morphological development of the tongue in the 60-, 90- and 120-day-old fetuses and neonates of Korean native goats by light microscopy. In 60-day-old fetuses, the tongue tissues were differentiated into epithelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer. The primordia of filiform, conical, lentiform, fungiform, and vallate papillae appeared by this time, and rudiments of taste buds were observed in the epithelia of the primordia gustatory papillae. The dorsal lingual epithelia were PAS positive. Collagenous fibers and blood vessels were present in the lamina propria. In 90-day-old fetuses, the gustatory glands were moderately positive for PAS and muscle fibers, and connective tissues were developed. In 120-day-old fetuses, many taste buds were observed in the gustatory papillae. The muscle bundles, collagenous fibers, blood vessels and gustatory glands were well developed. In neonates, over 40 taste buds were found in a transverse section of the vallate papillae. Muscle layers, blood vessels, collagenous fibers and gustatory glands were very well developed.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.98-110
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• 1985

This study was performed to clarify the morphological structures of the epithelia of the renal papilla, renal pelvis and ureter of the sheep (Ovis aries L.) through the light and scanning electron microscopes, Tissue specimens were taken from the renal papilla (common renal papilla and peripelvic column) and the renal pelvis (pelvis proper and pelvic pouch) of the kidney and the ureter. For the light microscopy, tissue blocks were fixed in 10 % neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin wax, serially sectioned at a thickness of $6{\mu}m$. These sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff reaction. For the scanning electron microscopy, tissue blocks were prefixed in 1% glutaral-dehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde solution and postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide solution, dehydrated in graded alcohol, transferred to isoamyl acetate, and then dried by the critical point dryer (Polaron E 3000). These dried tissues were coated with gold and observed with a scanning electron microscope (JSM-35C), The results were as follows: The apex of the common renal papilla was lined with simple columnar epithelium having many microvilli on its luminal surface. Lateral portion of the papilla was lined with stratified epithelium $2{\sim}3$ layers thick, and its superficial cells were microvillar cells having many microvilli. The epithelium lining the peripelvic column was $1{\sim}2$ layers thick. The superficial layer was made of the microvillar cells, but a few microplica cells were appeared in the region near the pelvic pouch. The epithelium of the pelvic pouch was $1{\sim}2$ layered transitional type, and its superficial cells were microplica cells. The epithelia of the pelvis proper and ureter were $4{\sim}6$ layered transitional type, and their superficial cells were typical facet cells existing many round depressions and ridges of cell membranes of the luminal side.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.270-284
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• 2021

The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is critical for reproduction and social behavior in ruminants, including cattle. The present study examined the structure of the VNO and its epithelial cells in neonatal and adult Korean native cattle (Hanwoo), Bos taurus coreanae, using immunohistochemistry and lectin histochemistry. Histologically, the VNO comprised two types of epithelia: medial vomeronasal sensory (VSE) and lateral vomeronasal non-sensory epithelia (VNSE). Numerous blood vessels and nerve bundles were observed within the vomeronasal cartilage encased lamina propria. Immunohistochemistry revealed high expression level of protein gene product9.5 and moderate expression level of olfactory marker protein in the neuroreceptor cells of the VSE and occasionally in some ciliated cells of the VNSE in both neonates and adults. The properties of the glycoconjugates in the VNO were investigated using 21 lectins, most of which were expressed at varied intensities in the VSE and VNSE, as well as in the lamina propria. Several lectins exhibited variations in their intensities and localization between neonatal and adult VNOs. This study is the first descriptive lectin histochemical examination of the VNO of Korean native cattle with a focus on lectin histochemistry, confirming that the VNO of Korean native cattle is differentiated during postnatal development.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.393-398
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• 1999

This case occurred following accidental consumptions of toxic levels of feedstuffs in the Korean indigenous cattle which were pregnant for 3-6 months. Grossly, poorly defined bluish coloration in the ventral sac of the rumen, reticulum and omasum was visible on the surface of the stomach. The severely affected ruminal walls were perforated and blood-tinged exudate was observed and death followed due to acute diffuse peritonitis. There were copious amount of porridgelike rumen contents, which has a distinct fermentative odor. The epithelia were easily wiped off and hyperemic in patch. Histopathologically, chemical rumenitis with neutrophilic infiltration and opportunistic fungal infection was evident in the mucosa and submucosa. Multifocal necrotic foci with fungal hyphae on the liver and severe congestion on the renal medulla were noted. There was no evidence of heavy metal and aflatoxin Bl in the suspected feedstuffs. This case was diagnosed as acute carbohydate engorgement in cattle.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.233-237
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• 2002

The pheromonal repelling response occurs when a combination of female and male pheromones is found to be less attractive to courting males than are female pheromones alone. This repelling response may act to conserve a courting males’reproductive fitness by minimizing ma1e-male competition within a courting group. Recently, a Pheromonal repelling response was first reported for vertebrates in the red-spotted newt, Notophthalmus viride-scens. A male cloacal pheromone, a ∼33 kDa protein, was identified as a repelling pheromone. In this study, to determine whether both the main olfactory epithelium (MOE) and/or the vomeronasal organ (VNO) are activated by the repelling pheromone, we recorded electrical field potentials from both olfactory epithelia while applying the repelling pheromone. The repelling pheromone induced electrical responses from both olfactory organs, and the magnitude of the response was greater in the VNO than in the MOE. Our results suggest that both the VNO and MOE may be involved in the pheromonal repelling response.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2004

CD30 is a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily and has pleiotropic functions including cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and death, depending on cell types and stage of differentiation. Although CD30 expression has been described mainly in hematopoietic tissues, several types of nonhematopoietic tumors including embryonic carcinoma and germ-cell tumors express CD30. We examined CD30 distribution in the testis and epididymis from wild type and CD30-deficient mice. In the testis, spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells expressed CD30, but not in spermatids. Spermatogonia and spermatocytes near the basement membrane strongly reacted to anti-CD30. In the epididymis, CD30 expression was exclusively observed in luminal epithelia and some interstitial cells. Taken together, these results show a spatio-temporal regulation of CD30 expression in mouse testis and epididymis and suggest a possible role of CD30 in spermatogonia and spermatocytes.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.226-235
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• 1993

DA-125, a new anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats intravenously for 4 weeks to investigate the repeated dose toxicity Focal alopecia was noted in three female rats receiving 1.0mg/kg/day. In rats receiving 1.0 mg/kg/day, weight gain decreased in both sexes after first or second week. Hematological examination revealed lower counts of total leukocyte and increased numbers of platelet after second week. At terminal necropsy, atrophy of thymus and spleen was observed. Lymphocytic depletion of thymus and atrophy of white pulp in spleen were observed microscopically. A decrease in the number of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and degeneration of germinal epithelia in testes were also observed. These treatment-related effects were mainly confined to rats receiving 1.0 mg/kg/day. And toxic effects with microscopic changes were not observed in rats receiving 0.2 mg/kg/day or 0.04 mg/kg/day.