• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.51-66
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• 2002

It is almost impossible to aggregate environment-related information, simply because it is vast. Therefore, Recently, the development of an environmental index is attracting the attention in Korea and other nations, since it is taken to be useful for legislating environmental policies. When it comes to the development of an environmental index, the first necessary step is to organize environmental information by using an accounting framework that manifests outstanding consistency and inclusiveness. And then, this organized environmental information should be appropriately used, whenever required. Compared to these movements, it is necessary to point out that the environmental accounts in the agricultural section still suffer from numerous problems that need to be solved. According1y, this dissertation suggests and considers at least the following three matters. First of all, an integrated index evaluation method should be developed, taking domestic and foreign movements into consideration at the time of conducting the environmental evaluation. Secondly, a master plan for the environmental accounts should be developed for the agricultural sector. And thirdly and finally, problems and solutions incurred during the process of performing the aforementioned tasks need to be examined in detail.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.338-342
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• 2013

BACKGROUND: Two Field tests were conducted at Buan and Yangpyung in 2012 and 2013 to confirm controlling effect of mulberry popcorn disease and mulberry Sucker pests which are becoming serious in mass cultivation area of eco-friendly farming mulberry. METHODS AND RESULTS: As the treatments, 4 Natural products and 3 microbials were applied and 4 mulching materials were used. On the prevent effect of mulberry popcorn disease(Sclerotinia shiraiana) by using mulching materials, nonwoven fabric mulching showed worse effect than non-mulched treatment plot. Moreover, rice straw mulching showed significantly worse effect compare to nonwoven fabric and herb mulching treatments. Natural plant extracts and microbials showed 40~65% control value in 2013, which is little bit worse than 2012 results. On the control effect of mulberry Sucker(Amomoneura mori), organic products which combined with neem, sophora and derris showed excellent result as similar control level of Thiophanate-methyl. It means the chemical products can be replaced with organic product. CONCLUSION(S): According to the 2 years studied results, integrate eco-friendly farming measures are recommended for control of mulberry popcorn disease, because any single method is seemed not sufficient enough. However, natural plant extracts mixture is recommended as a product to control of mulberry Sucker.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2017

Purpose: Building owners or residents have concerns to strive for energy-saving and environmental conservation by utilizing with eco-friendlier energy resources for their physical environment. In this paper, an algae façade system is proposed as an energy-friendly building component to improve energy productivity and indoor environmental quality, and this study aims at verifying alternative technologies for implementing building elevations that contain various colors equipped with algae façade systems and suggesting design guidelines to enhance both building performance and design values. Method: The color of algae is basically ranged about the saturation green, and it is hardly converted to other variations. Such a problem can be resolved through the artificial lights like LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamps to mix the color from the algae and buildings could possibly change the elevation in many ways under the influence of daylight. Result: As a result, the suggested system may increase the aesthetic aspect of the building in response to environmental changes. The system cannot possibly be applied for only new construction, but also it can be utilized with the existing buildings as well. The proposed system is expected to be applied not only a new construction and any existing buildings as well, and it will cover from the environmentally friendly energy generation in the industry to a new application system for increasing energy efficiency and the beauty of building envelopes.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.461-469
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• 2006

As a frontier of Sustainable Basin Research Initiative, we commenced a scenario-driven planning and evaluation research project which is to identify the strategic policy scenarios. As a part of the project, this study attempts to estimate the ecological impacts of land cover changes using landscape indices at the whole basin level. We analyzed spatio-temporal characteristics of natural area including forest, agricultural land, water area, barren which play an important role in nature-friendly sustainable watershed management. The results of analysis shelved that the size and diversity of natural area have been reduced, while patch number and isolation have been increased in proportion to urbanization in 1974, 1995 and four future scenarios in the Ara River Basin. Also, we estimated that the natural area could be conserved to some degree in the SD or DE scenarios with a concept of environment-friendly development and lifestyle. Various strategic environment policies may be evaluated and designed on the basis of the method, that is, scenario approach and landscape ecological analysis suggested in this study.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1239-1258
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• 2015

This paper presents a master-slave constraint method, which may substitute the conventional transformed-section method, to account for the changes in cross-sectional properties of composite members during construction and to investigate the time-dependent performance of steel-concrete composite bridges. The time-dependent effects caused by creep and shrinkage of concrete are considered by combining the age-adjusted effective modulus method and finite element analysis. An efficient computational tool which runs in AutoCAD environment is developed to simulate the construction process of steel-concrete composite bridges. The major highlight of the developed tool consists in a very convenient and user-friendly interface integrated in AutoCAD environment. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified by comparing its results with those provided by using the transformed-section method. Furthermore, the computational efficiency of the developed tool is demonstrated by applying it to a steel-concrete composite bridge.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.488-502
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• 2020

In this study, the moisture absorption and desorption properties presented by the Health-Friendly Housing Construction Standards of South Korea were compared using the wood of three tree species (Douglas-fir, Hinoki, Larch) and two types of wood-based materials(Plywood, WML Board^Ⓡ). The national standards for functional building materials present that the amounts of moisture absorption and desorption should be at least 65g/㎡ on average, respectively according to the test method under KS F 2611:2009. Therefore, in this study, the moisture absorption/desorption properties of materials with no treatment (Control), with punching, and with surface stain finishing and the moisture absorption/desorption property improvement effects of the treatments were compared and analyzed. According to the results of this study, it was evaluated that all five types of wood and wood-based materials tested did not satisfy the amount of moisture absorption/desorption of at least 65g/㎡, which is the performance standard for moisture absorption/desorption functional building materials, indicating that untreated wood and wood-based materials cannot be applied as functional finishing materials according to the Health-Friendly Housing Construction Standards. The surface stain finishing greatly reduced the moisture absorption and desorption rates of the materials, and the amounts of moisture absorbed and desorbed were also shown to decrease by at least two times on average. When the surfaces of the materials were punched with Ø4mm holes at intervals of 20 mm, the moisture absorption/desorption areas increased from 18% to 51%, and this increase was shown to be capable of increasing the amounts of moisture absorbed/desorbed by 29% on average at the minimum, and 81% on average at the maximum. The effects of punching were shown to be identical even in cases where the materials were stain finished. For the application of wood or wood-based materials as eco-friendly, health-friendly, and moisture absorption/desorption functional building materials hereafter, it is judged that new physical and chemical improvement studies should be conducted, and treatment methods should be developed.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.59-76
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• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about environmental severity and new social, economic, and cultural changes. Conscious fashion, which is oriented to sustainable and valuable consumption, has become a trend to consume products produced using eco-friendly and ethical processes, from the selection of the product materials to the manufacturing process. The purpose of this study is to identify the concepts and characteristics of conscious fashion and zero waste, and to explore design trends of zero wastein the new normal era of conscious fashion through the analysis of various cases. The research method is a literature review on conscious fashion based on relevant professional and academic books and articles, designer collections, and campaigns from 2010 to the present, when conscious fashion as eco-friendliness and sustainable fashion became a trend. The concept and characteristics of conscious fashion were examined them in terms of environmental, ethical, social, and cultural aspects and the concept and characteristics of zero waste through previous studies and case analysis. Through this, the trends of zero-waste design in conscious fashion were categorized into: first, an eco-friendly design orientation that utilizes reuse and reduce methods of clothing and fabric; second, a variable design orientation that practices zero waste designs by using diversity of patterns through deconstruction, disassembly, and various cutting methods. Third, long-term circulation of design through the recycling of resources by second-hand trade, the utilization of stock clothing, resale, and availability of eco-friendly materials through the development of new technologies. As an active practice for the sustainable fashion industry expands, it is expected that continuous research will be conducted as a future core value to realize the possibility of long-term circular zero-waste design through social responsibility and conscious recycling, reuse, and reproduction.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: Plant extracts have been used as environment friendly agricultural materials for organic farming in South Korea. However safety evaluation on the plant extracts was not properly tested. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety of the extracts from Melia azedarach, Nerium indicum and Coptis chinensis on cultivating rice. METHODS AND RESULTS: Pant extarcts 300-fold diluted were treated on rice, and residues of M. azedarach, N. indicum and C. chinensis were determined. The analytes from the rice samples were detected by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method was validated, and good linearities ($r^2=0.995-0.998$), specificity, and recoveries were obtained. Limits of detection were 0.01 mg/kg for all of the target compounds. Recoveries were 79.3-118.3% at 0.1 mg/kg and 75.2-111.5% at 0.5 mg/kg. The residue levels were below 0.030 mg/kg for azadirachtin, 0.320 mg/kg for oleandrin and 1.460 mg/kg for berberine. CONCLUSION(S): The extracts of M. azedarach, N. indicum and C. chinensis contained azadirachtin, oleandrin and berberine as an active ingredient, respectively. The residue of three active ingredients dramatically decreased after treatment in all fruits, stems and roots of rice.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.60-66
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• 2002

Iksan city is planning to construct a waste incinerator on the site of about $110,000\textrm{m}^2$ in size that will be selected from a public bid(Oct.~Nov.2002)in the wake of expiration by June 2003 of use for Hamyeol fill-up ground. Science it has usually been difficult to find sites for filling-up or incinerating facilities owing to NIMBY phenomenon, it is badly requested to employ up-to-date technology for processing wastes without environmental pollution. The conflicts between the administrative authorities and community people with regard to construction of incineration facilities, fill-up ground and facilities for waste processing or recycling are not the matters of just today but are increasingly deepening and spreading countrywide. There seems to be no prospect for these conflicts to be amicably settled through dialogues. They rather become a social disease inflicting the whole country like an epidemic. It is therefore believed to be necessary to introduce measures to design and build environment-friendly facilities that may be accepted by residents as not abominable ones but be used as amusing place while they watch the daily operation of them as watchdogs. Iksan city's plan to construct environment-friendly waste incineration facilities of pyrolysis type without chimney has undergone the process of public hearings and explanatory gatherings from every class of Iksan citizens to get consensus but is still delayed due mainly to be the failure of inducing foreign investments. Pyrolysis technology has two advantages ; first, environment-friendly due to less emission of second pollutants ; second, production of by-products highly valuable as resources. It Is known that Germany has recently begun installation and operation of pyrolysis facility urban wastes, an evidence indicating that pyrolysis method will be widely applied to cope with the tightened regulation to preserve environment worldwide.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.65-71
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• 2005

Recently, difficulties in soft ground improvement that caused by effectiveness of the ground improvement, the durability and environmentally friendliness of the injection material come to the fore. This paper studies the field applicability of the SCM in reinforcement and seepage cutoff of the back of an existing continuous wall. SCM uses double rod which imposes heavy pressure($10-100kgf/cm^2$) to disturbed, cut, discharge, and mix the ground. It is observed that a bulb is formed by using cement paste and environmentally friendly injection materials with minimal alkali leaching. Unconfined compression test and fish poison tests are performed. Test results indicate that the method results in higher durability, less leaching through use of the environmentally friendly injection material, and faster mobilization of the strength. In addition, field tests confirm the formation of the bulb and the seepage cutoff wall.