• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.169-178
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• 2001

Numerous regulations have been introduced and a various kinds of institutional intervention have been made by government against the occupational safety and health problems. However, it was serious issue to the workers that what can be claimed by those who meet with apparently harmful and risky working conditions in their social systems. In the view point of employees, their right to be free from unacceptable risk and hazards has not been clearly defined. Therefore, workers have very limited rights to take any actions unless employer or government do their actions. It is believed that this undesirable conditions resulted from Jack of legal definition of workers' right to work in the safe and healthy environment. It has been found increased social pressure to make intervention to the industry to protect workers' health. Also, increased pressure has been kept for deregulation. This conflict lay the current situation in dilemma. The concept of the working environmental right has been developed and discussed in this study to overcome this trade-off confliction. It should be clearly separated between legal aspects and administrative and Policy area to make the regulations effective. Strong enforcement to the industry based on the law should be minimum, however, it should be practically effective in the aspect of workers' right. Administration and policy should be focused on supportive and leading activities to achieve the ultimate goal, safe and healthy working environment. It is concluded that establishment of working environmental right would satisfy workers and industry and it would result in improvement workers' environment and conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.10-18
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• 2009

In order to determine the violation of right of light impact at adjacent residential area by high-rise building, analysis on the right of light for high-rise residential commercial complex building block at Gahngnam-ku, Seoul, Korea was carried out using Google Sketchup Pro. After the analysis th sunshine duration of B apartment decreased from 5 hours 16 minutes 3 hours 48 minutes by I hour 42 minutes after construction. It shows that the total sunshine duration is less than the Seoul City Government Standard which is more than 4 hours a day, or more than 2 consecutive hours. Lowering the heights of apartments by 54m would increase the total sunshine duration which would meet the Seoul City Government Standard by four hours seven minutes. Problems that rna lead to the violation on the right of light in the adjacent area should be discussed in advance and minimized by analyzing the right of light among buildings and structures which are scheduled to be constructed on the site during construction penni! process when high-rise building is proposed.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.125-136
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• 2002

The ultimate goal of environmental education is to train the civilian who positively participates in solving environmental problems. To do above, not only accurate knowledge but also right value about environmental problems are needed. It is reasonable decision making that choose the first of all alternatives to solve the problems by accurate knowledge and right value of an individual. Teaching reasonable decision making in environmental education is related to raise the participant civilian toward regional environmental problem solving Simulation game helps that students have a opportunity to practice decision making skills about regional problems and give self-confidence to their decision making ability. So, the aim of this study is to present simulation games which is fit to elementary environmental education. The first one is for group decision making, the second one is for individual decision making. These can make a conclusion, winner and loser of games. But last one is open-ended game and aims to make explicit a variety of opinions, issues and conflicts to problem.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-48
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• 2013

This work is for listing, patent, reasonable valuation of environmental-friendly agricultural company. In this study, agricultural company in environmental friendly industry that consider nature, customer's wellbeing and safe would be evaluated by DCF (Discounted Cash Flow) and ROV (Real Option Value). And company in environmental-friendly industry would be checked whether it is to be related and concerned to listing in the stock market and patent acquisition with the basis of company valuation. After then agricultural company value is evaluated with the consideration of growth in environmental-friendly industry, and company valuation comparison would followed about intellectual property right. It can be assumed that value of environmental-friendly agricultural company has low relation and concern to listing of stock market, and valuation would be increased through the intellectual property right such as patent, development or core search ability.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2007

This paper presents the results of a case study of a dispute for the damage of the right to sunshine between B and W Apartment Complex in the N city. Recently a number of disputes for the right to sunshine increase in urban areas because the residents' demand for pleasant residential environment is getting stronger. In particular, problems related to sunshine, which were not recognized during the construction, have come up to the surface over time as people's concern over residential environment is growing. According to a recent interpretation of the right to sunshine in urban areas, moreover, there have been a series of legal decisions starting that damage of the right to sunshine to neighboring apartments must be indemnified for even if the violating apartment was designed and constructed legitimately according to relevant construction laws applied when the building was constructed. Thus this study examined the effects and the scope of damage on the right to sunshine through a case study in order to provide basic materials necessary to rope with related civil affairs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

Objectives: The major objectives of this study are to review the U.S. Standard which affected Korean worker's Right-to-Know Standard and to propose the way of improving the reliability of MSDS and labels. Methods: To review the U.S. Standard historically, we used the Federal Register, other criteria documentation and peer-reviewed literatures. Then we analysed major issues in the historical debatement on the worker's Right-to-Know Standard. Results: Korean MSDS Standard benchmarked the U.S. Hazard Communication Standard which finally established by President Reagan in 1983. Reagan's Hazard Communication Standard was aimed to preempt States Right-to-Know Acts for chemical industry and not to improve the awareness of workers on chemical hazards. Too much protection on trade secrets and low reliability of hazard information were key problems of the U.S. Standard. Conclusions: We recommend some ways to improve Korean MSDS and Label Standard. First, A new analysis frame is needed to understand the U.S Standard. Second, hazard identification is the key element of reliable information and chemical name and CAS number should be on the label of the container. Third, trade secrets should be limited to low hazardous substances and be permitted by government before the chemical product is on the market.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.433-445
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• 2015

Objectives: The major objectives of this study are to review the issues surrounding trade secret claims in the Chemicals Control Act and Amendment on Occupational Safety and Health Act(1917-227) and to propose a way of improving the reliability of chemical information in MSDSs, labels and National Chemical Survey results. Materials: To review the issues on trade secret claims, we made an analysis frame which was divided into three steps: Value and Problem Recognition; New Regulation Design; and Enforcement and Amendment. We then compared Korean issues with issues from the United States' Hazard Communication Standard and Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know Act, Canada's Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System and Hazardous Materials Information Review Act and the European Union's Regulation on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of substances and Mixtures. Results: The stage of right-to-know development in Korea has passed the Value and Problem Recognition phase, so efforts are needed to elaborately design new regulation. Conclusions: We recommend two ways to improve right-to-know in Korea. First, strict examination of the quality of documents for trade secret claims is very important. Second, trade secrets should be limited to less-hazardous substances.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2007

Usually equal noise exposure is considered to cause symmetrical hearing loss, but some screening audiometries of employees who were exposed to noise showed asymmetry. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the distribution of asymmetrical hearing loss and the difference of air conduction level between left and right ear at the different frequencies (500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, 6,000 Hz). Study subjects were 326 male employees who had participated in the noise-specific health examination from May to October, 2002. They were evaluated by otoscopic examination, pure tone audiometry and tympanometry. In all frequencies, hearing threshold level of left ear was worse than right ear. The mean interaural threshold differences between two ears were 0.83 dB at 500 Hz, 1.18 dB at 2,000 Hz, 2.29 dB at 3,000 Hz, 2.18 dB at 4,000 Hz, and statistically significant (p<0.05). The hearing loss of left ear was greater than right ear in occupationally noise-exposed workers. It is believed that left ear was more susceptible to noise damage than right ear

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.175-190
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• 2013

Pounding damage has been observed frequently in major earthquakes in the form of aesthetic, minor or major structural cracks and collapse of buildings. Studies have identified a building located at one end of a row of buildings as very vulnerable to pounding damage, while buildings in the interior of the same row are assumed to be safer. This study presents the results of a shake table investigation of pounding between two and three buildings in a row. Two steel portal frames, one stiffer and another more flexible, were subjected to pounding against a frame with eight other configurations. Three pounding arrangements were considered, i.e., the reference frame (1) on the right of the second frame, (2) in the middle of two identical frames, and (3) on the right of two identical frames. Zero seismic gap was adopted for all tests. Five different ground motions are applied from both directions (right to left and left to right). The amplification of the maximum deflection due to pounding was calculated for each configuration. The results showed that, for the stiffer building in a row, row building pounding is more hazardous than pounding between only two buildings. The location of the stiffer frame, whether at the end or the middle of the row, did not have much effect on the degree of amplification observed. Additionally, for all cases considered, pounding caused less amplification for stronger ground motions, i.e., the ground motions that produced higher maximum deflection without pounding than other ground motions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1-15
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• 2011

We recently witnessed increasingly more natural disturbances on forested land. On the other hand, only limited number of nursery grown tree species are available for restoration projects. At the same time, so little on the disturbance resistance of species has been studied that a selection of right species for right site condition becomes very difficult. This study is a compilation of the site specificities and disturbance resistance of each species native to South Korea. Each species was surveyed for 11 items related to site specificities, and 12 items related to disturbance resistance including the resistance to snow damage. This study was conducted for 161 tree species from 44 families : 21 evergreen conifer species, 2 deciduous conifer species, 18 evergreen broad-leaved species, 118 deciduous broad-leaved species, and 2 monocotyledon species. This study suggests that native species in South Korea show resistance to all types of natural disturbances except drought.