• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.99-109
• /
• 2009

In general, manual calibration is commonly used for the stream water quality modelling. Because the manual calibration depends upon the subjectivity and experience of the researcher, it has a problem with the objectivity of the modelling. Thus, the interest about the automatic calibration by the optimization technique is deeply increased. In this study, Influence coefficient algorithm and Genetic algorithm are introduced to develop an automatic calibration model for the QUAL2K that are the latest version of the QUAL2E. Genetic algorithm, used in this study, is very simple and easy to understand but also applicable to any complicated mathematical problem, and it can find out the global optimum solution effectively. The developed automatic calibration model is applied to the Gangneung Namdaecheon. The calibration results about the 11 water quality variables show the good correspondence between the calculated and observed water quality values.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2003

Recently, there has been considerable interest in the influence of El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on a global scale. ENSO has been measured by a simple index called Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The statistical characteristics of SOI have been also focused to reveal the influence of ENSO. The SOI trend shows that El Nino events are generally getting stronger and more frequently occurring than La Nina events. However, the variation of SOI has varied significantly in a long-term. The SOI values are computed using the mean value and its standard deviation of the base period from 1951 to 1980. In the present study, the different base periods are applied to compute the SOI values and the influence of the different base periods is investigated in detail to reveal the long-term variation of SOI From the results, we could conclude that the present SOI should be carefully considered as a criterion to judge whether the El Nino and La Nina events are occurring.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 1988

In this study, the method of adsorption by activated carbon in the removal of Hg(II) ion in waste water was treated. The influence of kinds of activated carbon and effect of temperature and the influence of coexistent salt on adsorption rates, the influence of pH in the adsorption, equilibrium and adsorption of mercury from activated carbon were investigated. From the adsorption on activated carbon of mercury(II) ion in the presence of cyanide or thiocyanate ion was found that mercury(II) was easily adsorved onto the activated carbon in the form of complex artion such as Hg(CN)$_4^{2-}$, Hg(SCN)$_4^{2-}$ respectively. ZnCl$_2$ activation method had a higher adsorptive ability than steam activation method in adsorption of Hg on activated carbon. Activated carbon adsorbed iodide ion is very effective on adsorption of Hg.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.113-124
• /
• 2009

Aging is a multifaceted biological process that affects all organs and organ systems of the body. This review provides an up-to-date analysis of this highly exciting, rapidly changing field of science. The aging process is largely under genetic control but is highly responsive to diverse environmental influences. The genes that control aging are those that are involved with cell maintenance, cell damage and repair. The environmental factors that accelerate aging are those that influence either damage of cellular macromolecules, or interfere with their repair. Prominent among these are chronic inflammation, chronic infection, some metallic chemicals, ultraviolet light, and others that heighten oxidative stress. Other environment factors slow the aging process. Included among these agents are resveratrol and vitamin D. In addition, dietary restriction and exercise have been found to extend human lifespan. The various mechanisms whereby all these agents exert their influence on aging include epigenetic modification, chromatin maintenance, protection of telomeres, and anti-oxidant defense, among others. The complex process of aging remains under continued, intense investigation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.329-337
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to observe the influence adolescents' environmental experience and environmental consciousness have on the pro-environmental consumption behavior. Also by examining the variable relation, the study scoped out the effectiveness of environmental experience. For the analysis, high school students in Korea were gathered from online and the correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and Baron and Kenny mediation analysis were conducted among a total of 521 surveys. The main findings are as follows: First, adolescents' environmental experience, environmental consciousness and pro-environmental consumption behavior showed a positive relationship. In other words, the more the experience, the more sense of responsibility adolescents had towards the environment and society, leading them to have pro-environmental consumption behavior. Second, environmental experience and environmental consciousness were proven to be essential factors that have influence on the adolescents' pro-environmental consumption behavior. Third, partial mediating effect of environmental consciousness was verified in accordance with the relationship between environmental experience and pro-environmental consumption behaviour. The findings suggest the importance of adolescents' environmental consciousness and improvement of pro-environmental consumption behavior by having students gain environmental experience.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.56-68
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the personal and social environmental factors affecting leisure time physical activity (LTPA) among adults living in rural communities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 282 adults living in three rural towns of Chungcheongbuk province. Leisure time physical activity was assessed through the Korean version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and social influence and social cohesion of social environment were assessed using reliable and validated measures. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore personal and social environmental factors associated with LTPA. Results: The overall prevalence of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was 40.0%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that LTPA participation was associated with gender (OR=2.60, 95% CI=1.47-4.58), healthy eating (OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.01-1.31), unhealthy eating (OR=0.70, 95% CI=0.53-0.93) and social influence for physical activity (OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.03-1.20). However, social cohesion was not correlated with engaging in LTPA. Conclusion: Both personal and social environmental factors are associated with LPTA among rural adults living in Eup-Myen regions. Interventions to promote LTPA would likely benefit from considering healthy dietary intake and social influence for physical activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.128-135
• /
• 2003

To decrease environmental damage, the development of environmental friendly fluids provides attractive alternative to the conventional fluids. In this study, the effects of harmful ingredients (Cl, S) contained in the fluids that used in grinding and cutting processes to influence on the nasal cavities of the white rats were measured indirectly. Also, the level of the environmental influence in workshops was graded through analyzing the concentration and chemical ingredients of flying-dust, which generated from the friction and combustion in the cutting process, that for analyzing how harmful the influence of particles to workers then it could be used as the basic data for improving the environment. To improve the conventional machining fluid, which can be harmful on worker's bodies and the environment, the environmental friendly machining method was suggested through analyzing each lubrication properties of vegetable fluid and used-edible oil as alternative fluid. As a result, it was known that an emulsion type fluid might be the main cause leading to some respiratory ailments. Also this paper presents the possibility to use vegetable fluid and used-edible oil as the alternative of cutting fluids.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.915-925
• /
• 2021

The study investigates some psychological and environmental factors affecting the intention to purchase organic foods of consumers in the inner-city of Hanoi. Impact factors applied for the study include three psychological factors (health concern, environmental concern, consumer awareness of organic foods) and seven environment factors (family's opinion, friends and colleagues' opinion, influence of celebrities, expert's opinion, social status, mass media, state's encouragement). We analyzed research data from 396 consumers to measure the impacting level of these factors. The convenient sampling method was used to collect the research sample. The measurement applied a 5-point Likert scale classifying from 1-completely disagree to 5-completely agree. Based on previous studies, the research model was recommended. We had estimated the reliability of the scales through Cronbach's Alpha and composite reliability. The research data is analyzed by using Structural Equation Model method (SEM). The findings of the study suggest that psychological factors (health concern, environmental concern, consumer awareness of organic foods) had a significantly positive influence on consumer's purchase attention toward organic food. The results also revealed that environmental factors (family's opinion, friends and colleagues' opinion, influence of celebrities, expert's opinion, mass media) were positively linked to consumer's purchase attention toward organic food.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.45 no.5
• /
• pp.541-555
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine heavy metal exposure levels in the blood and urine of a nationally representative adult population in Korea, and to identify the major influence factors for exposure through linkage analysis using questionnaire data. Methods: Biological samples and questionnaire data were collected from adults aged 18 and over who had participated in the Korean National Environmental Health Survey from 2009 to 2017. Lead, mercury, and cadmium exposure levels were presented with geometric mean and 95th percentiles. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the factors affecting heavy metal concentrations. Results: Blood lead levels increased slightly in Cycle 2 compared to Cycle 1, but decreased in Cycle 3. Blood and urinary mercury and urinary cadmium levels decreased over time. The main influence factors included gender, age, and smoking status for blood lead levels; gender, age, and intake of fish at least once a week for blood mercury levels; and age for urinary cadmium levels. Conclusion: The Korean National Environmental Health Survey is an effective tool for confirming over-time changes in exposure to lead, mercury, and cadmium in Korean adults and to identify its influence factors. The results of this study are expected to present basic data for calculating reference values and baseline exposure levels for environmental chemicals in Korean adults.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2016

The object of this study is to find out the influence of college students' consumption value on consumer attitudes towards environmental awareness and clothing environmental behavior. Questionnaires were administered to 236 college students living in DaeguCity and Kyoungbuk province. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and t-test were used for data analysis. Our findings are as follows. Consumption value of college students had factors as differentiated, consumption needs, utility, economies ostentation, others awareness, and belonging. Consumer attitudes towards environmental awareness were found as environmental importance, environmental product purchase, environmental product interest, and environmental action. Clothing environmental behavior were found as up cycle, buying eco-friendly clothing, active participation, saver purchase, and eco-friendly clothing management. The result of this study showed differentiated, others awareness, and belonging had significant effect of environmental product purchase and consumption needs, utility, and belonging had significant effect of environmental action. Differentiated, and others awareness had significant effect of up cycle, buying eco-friendly clothing, active participation, and eco-friendly clothing management. Gender of college students showed significant differences consumption value, consumer attitudes towards environmental awareness, and clothing environmental behavior.