• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.47-59
• /
• 2000

The Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) System has grown up as an adult today in Korea(ROK). It seems that we have only focused on the specific and technical aspects of the assessment without looking at the whole concept during the past 20 years. Thus we have accomplished quantitative growth but not qualitative development at all. This is the right time we should reconstruct the concept and move into the step for qualitative development. It is expected that the corpulence of the EIA system would be enlarged due to the introduction of integrated impact assessment system. It is necessary to introduce a newly designed method into the EIA methodology and improve the Environmental Impact Assessment based on in order to accomplish and manage more effective EIA system. To the conclusion, it is highly necessary to formulate a wholly new system which can be useful to improve the existing various systems and to follow the fundamental concept of EIA.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.477-487
• /
• 2011

In this study, we deduced the best estimation methodology for amount of carbon sequestration by vegetation, through the case study using the data obtainable from the environmental assessment procedure. Our results showed that the estimation methodology using the national vegetation map was the best for the strategic environmental assessment, whileas those using the vegetation growth equation were applicable for environmental impact assessment procedure. Furthermore, we found that the amount of carbon sequestration by farmland and/or grassland, not by vegetation, was not negligible. Therefore, we concluded that the area of farmland and/or grassland need to be taken into account during the landuse planning.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 1992

Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) is defined as an activity designed to identify and predict the impact on the environment. In the process of an EIA, the quantitative evaluation is generally performed for the air and water quality which have the national environmental quality standards. But the predicted values for the air and water quality are simply compared to the environmental standards. At present, the EIA process of Korea has no consideration for the possible human health risk resulting from the development projects. Environmental Health Impact Assessment(EHIA) is an applied methodology of EIA to estimate the acceptable health risk caused by a specified level of environmental pollutants. Estimating the excessive lifetime risk that is a possibility of dying of a certain disease by environmental contaminants, is useful as an evaluation technique of EHIA. It is recommanded the decision-makers to make efficient use of EHIA not only the development projects but also legislative proposals, policies and programmes in future.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2004

Life Cycle Assessment for the pulp, which is mainly used as the raw material of fine paper, base paper for food packaging and paper cup, has been carried out in this study to consider environmental aspects by quantifying the environmental emission and to evaluate its environmental impact potential. The system boundary was selected from cradle to gate stage(raw material acquisition, transportation of raw material and product manufacturing) of the product. Environmental impact was divided into 8 categories considering Korean situation: abiotic resource depletion, global warming, ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical oxidant creation, ecotoxicity and human toxicity. In Life Cycle Impact Assessment(LCIA) methodology phase, Ecopoint, Eco-indicator 95 and Korean eco-indicator were used and the results carried out by each methodology were compared. The results from this study were also compared with those of foreign study to verify the reliability of the results. The results of the study could be utilized as the basic data for Environmental Management System(EMS), Design for Environment(DfE) and Type III eco-labeling in the paper and paper-related industry.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.259-270
• /
• 2010

We conducted human risk assessment for exposure to inhalation of chemical substances emitted from the storage tanks of petroleum refineries. To assess human risk, this study calculated chemical emissions from the external floating roofs on storage tank at petroleum refineries, as well as concentrations thereof in the ambient air using the K-SCREEN model, and then determined risk in accordance with the Reference Concentration (RfC) values and Inhalation Unit Risk criteria developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The results indicated that non-carcinogenic chemicals have a hazard quotient of less than 1, meaning they have an insignificant effect on human health for residential areas near the storage tanks. Among the known carcinogens, the hazard risk for benzene slightly exceeded $10^{-6}$, indicating the need for corrective reduction measures. The methodology for health impact assessment devised herein provides findings useful in decision making for policy makers and the general public with respect to construction of industrial complexes. However, the methodology proposed herein does have limitations, including discrepancy in results induced by use of U.S. data (due to the lack of usable domestic data). More systematic studies from related researchers will be needed to address these issues and produce more reliable outcomes.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.185-202
• /
• 2000

Uncertainty and variability in Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) have been significant key issues in LCA methodology with techniques in other research area such as social and political science. Variability is understood as stemming from inherent variations in the real world, while uncertainty comes from inaccurate measurements, lack of data, model assumptions, etc. Related articles in this issues were reviewed for classification, distinguish and elaboration of probabilistic/stochastic health risk analysis application in LCA. Concept of focal zone, streamlining technique, scenario modelling and Monte Carlo/Latin Hypercube risk analysis were applied to the uncertainty/variability analysis of health risk in LCA. These results show that this general framework of multi-disciplinary methodology between probabilistic health risk assessment and LCA was of benefit to decision making process by suppling information about input/output data sensitivity, health effect priority and health risk distribution. There should be further research needs for case study using this methodology.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 1994

Environmental impact assessment methodology using geographical information systems (GIS) technologies is described. Brief characteristics of experience for evaluation of consequences of mineral fertilizers use in the Moscow region as well as authors' experience for detection of urban ecologically conflict territories (in Kirovsk and Apatity. Murmansk region, Subpolar Aretic). Possibilities of expert systems use for environmental impact assessment are demonstrated.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.119-132
• /
• 2012

Biodiversity is a key element of ecosystem of which function provides essential product and service in human life. In the course since development projects often causes damages to biodiversity, environmental impact assessment technique must be capable of accurately assessing potential impact from flora and fauna and to entire ecosystem. Korea needs improvement of its assessment technique that is compatible with Korean environmental regulatory standard that is generally stricter than that of most countries. This study attempts to explore both domestic and overseas biodiversity assessment techniques and analyze each stage of environmental impact assessment. The data is collected from numbers of literatures selected by navigating both domestic and overseas literature database with certain keywords. Among the 44 selected papers, overseas publications outnumber those of domestics, and there are more researches on assessment methodology of biodiversity than assessment tool and model. In terms of environmental impact assessment, the number of papers on environmental impact forecast exceeds the numbers of papers on current state of environment and the impact minimizing solution. Therefore, contents and trends of those researches in the different stages of environmental impact assessment discussed in this paper not only suggest potential impact on biodiversity and minimization solutions in detail, but is also a valuable resource particularly for biodiversity relevant environmental assessment technique improvement in Korea. Proposing of a new direction of improvement in biodiversity assessment techniques makes this study significant, and further research for preservation of biodiversity should follow up to provide an improvement scheme for biodiversity assessment techniques in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 1993

Aims of the EXCEPT project and tasks and characteristics of the EXCEPT system are presented based on an analysis of urban planning EIAs. The methodology of evaluation in EIAs, which had to be developed in order to program the system, is based on a model of evaluation processes. Evaluation principles, evaluation rates, an environmental model and a model of the projects being planned are presented. The evaluation concern re-unifies the different components of evaluation again.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.250-264
• /
• 2022

The development projects subject to health impact assessment (HIA) in the current environmental impact assessment (EIA) system are limited to some projects under Article 12 of the Enforcement Decree of the Environmental Health Act (Additional Assessment Objects Subject to Health Impact Assessment Items), but health impact-related matters are being evaluated and reviewed during consultation. In particular, when a development site is planned around some pollutant sources in a residential development plan, it is evaluated and reviewed whether the site meets the risk criteria through a current concentration survey of major hazardous air pollutants. This study prepared a quantitative method to confirm the validity of the location of the residential area to be developed in the residential development plan and proposed a plan to expand the project subject to HIA within the EIA procedure. A detailed methodology was proposed by reviewing the screening and scoping procedures of the EIA system, and a case analysis of the urban development plan discussed in the past was conducted to verify the methodology.