• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2016

Purpose: As declines in the quality of residential environments occur, such as urban heat island effect, tropical night phenomenon, and violations of right to light and privacy due to urban densification and high rise building, these problems are emerging as social issues. In order to improve these issues, design factors which consider environmental aspects must be selected when planning apartment complexes, and ways to reflect them in the planning phase must be explored. Method: In this study, the analytical hierarchy process(AHP) was used to deduce design factors that considered environmental elements during the planning of apartment complexes. Furthermore, the priority and weight for each evaluation index were assessed. The objective was to propose a guideline for planning apartment complexes by finding the best solution for each evaluation index using complex weight values. Result: Floor area ratio was selected as the most important evaluation criterion in the environmentally conscious evaluation index for apartment complex planning. The shape and placement of skylights were selected as the most important evaluation criteria in the sunshine environment for a pleasant residential environment. Ground surface cover design was selected as the most important criterion in the outdoor thermal environment index for improving the microclimate within cities and apartment complexes. Thus, the results of this study can serve as an investigation guideline that concerns policy and regulations, and as reference data that can be used in planning apartment complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.51-66
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to develop detailed evaluation indicator as a way for evaluating sustainable urban ecosystem health focused on ecological urban elements from an eco-cultural point of view after the appearance of Eco-cultural City to meet various needs. And this study was also conducted to search for ways to utilize the detailed evaluation indicator like institutionalization. Eco-cultural City was defined as a city where ecological environment and cultural environment coexist and was aimed to derive applicable planning indicators in Korea. For this, FGI was executed, planning indicators were derived, and suitability was examined. The weights were calculated based on the selected indicators through AHP expert survey. After getting the result of FGI, experts reviewed the adequacy of definition from Eco-cultural City and its necessity, and the applicability of planning indicators was examined with evaluation of suitability. As a result of evaluating suitability, it was judged that 41 indicators based on an overall average of 4 areas were relatively high on suitability and also important among sectors. As for the analysis result, the priority order in multistage classification was as followed : harmony between human and environment(B) 0.349, environmental resources(A) 0.266, city environment and quality of culture(C) 0.208, and role division and citizen participation(D) 0.177. In the second level of relative importance, environment protection and infra in the role and citizen participation section was the highest, 0.449, harmonization policy and system in calculating weights was the highest.

• Architectural research
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2023

Indoor thermal conditions greatly affect the health and comfort of humans who occupy the space in it. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of water and vegetation elements as a microclimate modifier in buildings to obtain thermal comfort through the study of thermal environment models. This research covers two objects, namely public buildings and housing in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Prov-ince - Indonesia. Quantitative methods through field surveys and measurements based on thermal and personal variables. Data analysis based on ASHRAE 55 2020 standard. The data was processed with a parametric statistical approach and then simulated with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation method to find a thermal prediction model. The model was made by increasing the ventilation area by 2.0 m2, adding 10% vegetation with shade plant characteristics, moving water features in the form of fountains and increasing the pool area by 15% to obtain PMV + 0.23, PPD + 8%, TSV-1 - +0, Ta_25.7℃, and relative humidity 63.5 - 66%. The evaluation shows that the operating temperature can analyze the visitor's comfort temperature range of >80% and comply with the ASHRAE 55-2020 standard. It is concluded that water elements and indoor vegetation can be microclimate modifiers in buildings to create desired comfort conditions and adaptive con-trols in buildings such as the arrangement of water elements and vegetation and ventilation systems to provide passive cooling effects in buildings.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.33 no.4 s.111
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate landscape characteristics by classification of landscapes in Chuncheon. A system was developed to convert images taken with a fish-eye lens to panoramic pictures. Landscape characteristics were analyzed by appearance rate and area distribution rate of landscape elements on panorama picture. Landscape characteristics were analyzed according to the number of times landscape elements appeared and the amount of area that each element occupied in the panoramic picture. Each panoramic picture was classified into five types based on these landscape element factors. Landscape evaluation was carried out using dynamic images converted from picture by fish-eye lens. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. The urban landscape can be characterized by four essential factors: interconnectedness, nature, urban centrality and landscape scale. Five types of landscapes were determined: detached residential building landscape (type 1), street landscape with various elements (type 2), street landscape in the center of a city (type 3), landscape of housing complex (type 4), and landscape of green space (type 5). Type 5 had the highest degree of landscape satisfaction and the landscape satisfaction increased with the number of appearances of natural elements. The amount of peen space had a high relation with a landscape satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.249-270
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this research is to suggest a library marketing model. To achieve the study purpose, this research adopted content analysis methodology. The research papers relating to the subject library marketing were analyzed using qualitative content analysis method. In addition, the study result was revised through the comparison with the general nonprofit marketing process model. As a result, library marketing model was proposed. The final library marketing model was composed of the following elements: 1)Customers(Library users), 2)Internal environmental changes, 3)External environmental changes, 4)Set library marketing goals, 5)Various library marketing strategies, 6)Specific marketing strategy tactics, 7)Implementation of the tactics, 8)Evaluation, 9)Positive evaluation result, 10)Negative evaluation result, 11)Customer satisfaction, 12)Increased library usage rate. and 13)Establishment the positive social value of library.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to develop the environmental management strategy of streams based on the quantified evaluation method of the stream environment. The six streams in Jinju city flowing into the Nam-river were selected for the case study. The stream environment evaluation was performed considering the following three independent field surveys. First, the stream naturalnesses considering 20 evaluation elements were investigated for each unit section of the streams having the length of 500m and the width of 100m, and then were evaluated into 5 grades. Second, water qualities of the streams were evaluated into 5 grades based on the results of eight times water quality survey. Third, the landuse patterns in the stream basins were evaluated into 5 grades according to the residential area ratio. Finally, the stream environments were classified into 5 grades by integrating the above three subfactors - stream naturalness, water quality, and residential landuse. According to the evaluation results of stream environments, the three environmental management strategies of streams were suggested. As the results of the case study, Panmun stream and Ghajwa stream were evaluated to the forth grade that need active environmental restoration, and Nabul stream and Yonga stream were evaluated to the second grade that need partial environmental restoration while Youngchun river and Dogsan stream were evaluated to the first grade showing the desirable stream environmental condition. The above environmental evaluation results for each stream will be an important reference for the further stream restoration or management plan.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.141-151
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to examine the environmental factors of apartments and therefore to suggest elements necessary to plan environments by evaluating and analysing both reside environments and conditions with residents at high-rise apartments in Kumi city. Kyongbuk. Korea. The result of this study is summarized as follows: 1) The motive of residence at apartment showed mainly the better environment of nature. and that the locational condition of those apartments was considered as a good standard for evaluating the apartment. 2) The evaluation of satisfaction showed that residents residing at apartment A tended to be satisfaied with all factors other than ‘complex’ although there was wholly dissatisfaction. In addition. it was shown that apartment B was satisfaied with housing and complex. apartment C with comfort. respectively. and apartment D with housing. 3) The evaluation of image showed that apartment C indicated the lowest variety of its complex while other factors were highly considered. Their image concerning residence was highest in apartment A. most lowest in apartment C. Then. apartment B showed the highest familiarity with and recognition of apartment complex.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.424-428
• /
• 2005

As the application of NPM in waste administration branch this paper proposes a new waste management method in order to increase the efficiency of resources and reduce the quantity of waste. First the matrix method is suggested which comprehensively consider and integrate the proposals of different government departments. Moreover the inhabitant's attitude toward the new waste management measures was investigated. Based on the investigation the evaluation function was made, which include three elements: necessary budget, the effect of cost decrease and the environmental burden decrease. The optimal method of budget allocation to maximize social welfare is proposed under the condition of limited budget by the evaluation function. By applying this system further local governments will be able to determine their adequate service level and budget size.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.88 no.1
• /
• pp.67-81
• /
• 2023

The reinforced concrete (RC) structures might need strengthening or upgradation due to adverse environmental conditions, design defects, modification requirements, and to prolong the expected lifespan. The RC beams have been efficiently strengthened using the near surface mounted (NSM) approach over the externally bonded reinforcing (EBR) system. In this study, the performance of RC beam elements strengthened with NSM-steel rebars was investigated using an experimental program and nonlinear finite element modeling (FEM). Nine medium-sized, rectangular cross-section RC beams total in number made up for the experimental evaluation. The beams strengthened with varying percentages of NSM reinforcement, and the number of grooves was assessed in four-point bending experiments up to failure. Based on the experimental evaluation, the load-displacement response, crack features, and failure modes of the strengthened beams were recorded and considered. According to the experimental findings, NSM steel greatly improved the flexural strength (up to about 84%) and stiffness of RC beams. The flexural response of the tested beams was simulated using a 3D non-linear finite element (FE) model. The findings of the experiments and the numerical analysis showed good agreement. The effect of the NSM groove and reinforcement on the structural response was then assessed parametrically.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 1996.11a
• /
• pp.87-93
• /
• 1996

This study was conducted to examine the environmental factors of apartments and therefore to suggest elements necessary to plan environments by evaluating and analysing both reside environments and conditions with residents at high-rise apartments in Kumi city. Kyongbuk. Korea. The result of this study is summarized as follows: The evaluation of satisfaction showed that residents residing at apartment A tended to be satisfaied with all factors other than ‘complex’ although there was wholly dissatisfaction. In addition. it was shown that apartment B was satisfaied with housing and complex. apartment C with comfort. respectively, and apartment D with housing.