• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

There are many different types of risk capital competing for deals in the korean entrepreneurial capital market. In the past, even though korean private venture capitalists did not have their distinctive competitive advantages, due to government support and subsidies, they could be survived in the market. However, the government controlled area has changed to a market driven area which emphasizes market forces and competition rather than support and protection. In order to be competitive, Korean private venture capital firms need to recruit high calibre professionals and build required financial skills for wise entrepreneurial investments. The purpose of this article is to analyze the relationships among firm characteristics, human resources, and investment strategies of korean venture capital firms. We can find that the asset size of venture capital firms has a positive effect on the size of their human resources. However, we can not find any relationship between firm characteristics and investment strategies of venture capitals. Even though we find some evidences among some variables, we need to interpret the results very carefully. Further research would be needed to carried out to clarify the disputable interpretations and our understanding of this area.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.65-83
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore the dynamics of the newly emerging designer fashion market and examine how startup designers reacted to the tension between creativity and business, and how they grew within such dynamics. In-depth interviews were conducted with 22 DFE entrepreneurs and 7 fashion industry experts. The grounded theory was used to analyze data and yield results. Korean new generation of DFEs, attracted by the growing online market opportunities are directly distributing through online channels, targeting the millennial consumers who are pursuing new values at new distribution channels. They show new growth pattern, start with a few key items in the middle and lower price segments, then upscale their design, quality, and price. This study further investigated designers' enterprise orientation shift, which was explored by Mills. Some creativity-oriented designers encountered difficulties in the orientation shift, while designers who demonstrated business characteristics from the startup stage restored the balance by trying to improve both creativity and business. This study discovered a new way for the designer to enter the growth stage. This growth approach is one of the success strategies applicable to designers launching a brand on online platforms in the global market.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.233-244
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to improve awareness of network marketing business in South Korea, which takes a quite negative view of network marketing, to raise awareness of "starting up a business" as independent business owners, to assist them in building their own subjecthood in network business and entrepreneurial identity, and ultimately to give some suggestions on how to improve their self-directed entrepreneurial competency and the quality of their business management. To make an empirical analysis of 121 independent business owners of Korean native network marketing, the personal and background variables of the entrepreneurs were selected as independent variables, and entrepreneurship was selected as a mediator variable. The selected dependent variables were financial and non-financial business performances. A multiple regression analysis was conducted by inputting the variables. The findings of the study were as follows: It produced an effect of more financial performance when the innovation of the independent business owners of network marketing was better, and this innovation was possible to have only when they improved in entrepreneurial efficacy and locus of control. In contrast, only authenticity had an effect on boosting non-financial business performance among the factors of entrepreneurship. To have authenticity, it's necessary to strengthen achievement needs and awareness of locus of control among the personal characteristics of the independent business owners of network marketing. Among the factors of entrepreneurship, there was better authenticity when their personal networks were broader among their background characteristics. In addition, self-efficacy that was one of personal characteristics made a direct contribution to the enhancement of non-financial performance. As a result, independent business owners of network marketing are required to hold a strong belief in their own business, to be active in business activities and to have a high efficacy as spontaneous principal agents, and they also are required to have more adventurous, planned, active and propulsive achievement needs that enable them to attain the goals of their business and keep moving forward. Besides, they should foster their locus-of-control competency that is to control, endure and be responsible for a variety of phenomena or incidents that they face, and there will be better financial performance or non-financial performance only when they demonstrate their self-belief and confidence and when they have faith in and conviction about themselves. For independent business owners of network marketing, a consumer-centered thinking that entails authenticity and trustworthiness and touches the hearts of customers is a more effective marketing strategy than an egocentric thinking as sellers when they approach customers. And they are expected to make progress in terms of the quality of business management when their business attachment or enthusiasm is great enough to match their own efficacy with entrepreneurial identity or strike a balance between them.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.205-215
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• 2013

Job creations through doing star-ups is the biggest issues for almost nations. This study explores the entrepreneurial university's rule for making job creations based on Smart specialization and entrepreneurial university perspectives. In order to the aims, this study reviews the previous literatures and examines the some Israel universities, which is Technion University, Hebrew university as well as government support policies. Technion University and Hebrew university have own technology transfer institutions composed of experts for technology transfer and doing start-ups by using technologies. Each institutions have own characteristics regarding technology transfer and doing start-ups. T3, which is technology transfer institution of Technion University facilitates the start-up by step-by-step supporting mechanism. T3 has been operating EIR which has focused on business and marketing. Yissum, which is technology transfer institution of Hebrew university has board members. they have crucial roles to success the start ups. they can reconciliate the conflicts between university and Yissum. Also they can participate the business activities as mentors. Start-up money will be supported for even sprout state technology if their technologies are a promising business. Risk sharing between universities and start-ups influences on the increase of success ratio in Israel when comparing to that of Korea.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

This study derived the success factors of youth enterprises by applying the Delphi Method to start-up experts. Through this, it aims to improve understanding of youth enterprises in entrepreneurship education and start-up support projects and contribute to the development of education and support programs suitable for youth enterprises. Also The purpose of this study is to help youth entrepreneurs solve their curiosity about the success factors of youth enterprises, identify the factors that youth entrepreneurs should first secure or perform among the factors they need to consider during start-ups, and use limited resources efficiently and effectively to succeed. In this study, the Delphi Survey was conducted twice in total. The first Delphi Survey utilized the Modified Delphi Method using structured closed-ended questions, and a pilot test was conducted on youth entrepreneurs and start-up experts to compensate for the problem of the Modified Delphi Method. In the first Delphi Survey, IBM SPSS Statistics 22 and Microsoft Office Excel 2016 were used to calculate the mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range, and content validity ratio. In the Delphi 2nd survey, the same statistical values in the 1st survey and additionally cronbach's alpha were calculated. As a result of the Delphi Survey, four factors, such as the entrepreneurial characteristics, entrepreneurial preparation, entrepreneurial strategy, and entrepreneurial environment, and 22 sub-factors were derived as success factors for youth enterprises.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.109-116
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• 2007

Entrepreneurship is considered as the main leadership creating enterprises and employment. However, in Korea empirical studies linking Korean entrepreneurial performances with her characteristics are rarely in existence. Current study focuses on Korean entrepreneurs in manufacturing, construction and other technologically intensive (MCOT henceforth) industries compared to entrepreneurs in service and other technologically less intensive (SOT henceforth) industries and to professional/technical wage workers and examines effects of human capital, demographic, and risk-taking characteristics on earnings. Education premium is higher for entrepreneurs in MCOT industries than for professional/technical workers, even though science and engineering diploma pays better in the latter, and that concentration in college causes more selection into the latter occupational family. In terms of education premium and effects of other characteristics SOT industry entrepreneurship and self-employment appear to be lower grade occupational families, even though there appear to be significant comparative advantages working in their selection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2014

The recent development of electro-optic devices and anticorrosion media has made it necessary investigate infrared optical systems with solid-solid interfaces of materials with amorphous characteristics. One of the most promising classes of materials for these purposes seems to be chalcogenide glasses, which are based on the Ge_Sb_Se system, have drawn much attention because of their use in preparing optical lenses and fibers that are transparent in the range of 3-12 um. In this study, a standard melt-quenching technique was used to prepare amorphous Ge_Sb_Sechalcogenideto be used in the design and manufacture of infrared optical products. The results of structural, optical, and surface roughness analyses of high purity Ge_Sb_Sechalcogenide glasses after various annealing processes reported.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.59-84
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• 1999

This research examines the characteristics of incubating organizations of hi-tech ventures in the information technology industry. In particular, it attempts to investigate incubating conditions under which entrepreneurs obtain their management abilities and market information, locate business partners and prepare the prototypes of their new products. For the empirical test, three incubator organizations, two universities (Seoul National University and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ) and a government research institute (ETRI: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) are compared in terms of incubating conditions. It is found that two universities are not different in terms of lab members' demographic characteristics and their attitude towards venture creation. However, the entrepreneurial environments of incubator organizations are different between the universities and ETRI. The universities have more favorable environments than ETRI in terms of management know-how or capabilities, while ETRI has more favorable environments than the universities in terms of the information about markets, distribution channels or customers. The results of this study would provide many policy implementations to administrators of incubator organizations as well as government policy-makers in making effective venture-creation policies.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.251-265
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• 2022

According to the 2019 statistics of the National Statistical Office, the population of old people over 65 is 7.69 million which consists of 14.9% of total population in Korea, and the world's fastest compressed-aging is being processed. Employees engaged in financial business as representative high-wage workers tend to choose voluntary retirement regardless of their business types, and rarely get a new job or establish their own business successfully. This study analyzes the effects of retirement expectations, social supports, and entrepreneurial intention for employees engaged in financial business, and the differences by individual characteristics on the preparation for their old age. The subjects include 280 people working at Seoul metropolitan and Daegu area. The data were analyzed with the SPSS Win Ver. 18.0 for frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis, etc. and the results of the study are as follows. First, the result of analyzing the effect of retirement expectations of employees engaged in financial business on the preparation for old age shows that the retirement expectations of the people who consider retirement is a new start meaningfully affect the financial and physical preparations for old age. Second, it is shown that family relations for employees engaged in financial business meaningfully affect the financial preparation, and family relations and friendship relations meaningfully affect the emotional and social preparations, despite social supports do not relevantly affect the financial preparation for old age. Third, it is also shown that the entrepreneurial intention of employees engaged in financial business does not relevantly affect the financial and physical preparations, but meaningfully affects the emotional and social preparations for old age. Fourth, the result of analyzing the effect of the individual characteristics of employees engaged in financial business on the preparation for their old age shows that age, marital status, and job grade do not relevantly affect, but the experience of entrepreneurship education more affects the preparation for old age than no-experience.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.161-173
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• 2020

As ICT convergence technology has spread and applied to various industrial fields and society in general, interest in rural entrepreneurship using smart farm as a means for solving many pending problems in agriculture is increasing. In this context, this study is to look at the influential factors in terms of perceived usefulness associated with the rural entrepreneurial intention using smart farm and suggest a proposal for spreading smart farms. The subjects were 296 general adults over 20 years old who were selected by simple random sampling method. The research method was exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS 22.0. The perceived usefulness of smart farm, which are availability, reliability and economic efficiency were selected as independent variables to analyze the influential factors on rural entrepreneurial intention using smart farm and the moderating effect of personal innovation was observed. As a result, reliability and economic efficiency have a positive(+) influence on rural entrepreneurial intention using smart farm. And personal innovation moderates the relationship between the availability, reliability of smart farm and rural entrepreneurial intention using smart farm. The results of this study have significance in that we devised and empirically revealed factors affecting rural entrepreneurship intentions from the perspective of perceived usefulness of smart farms, away from studies of general entrepreneurship intention factors such as internal personal characteristics and external environmental factors. The implications of the study are expected to be utilized at the seeking direction of policy for potential entrepreneur using smart farm, the training and consulting in actual field of smart farm.