• 제목/요약/키워드: English level

검색결과 573건 처리시간 0.028초

영화를 활용한 내용 중심 수업이 실용적 영어표현 습득에 미치는 영향 (An effect of Content-centered Class Using Movies in Learning Practical Expressions)

  • 김혜정
    • 비교문화연구
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    • 제39권
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    • pp.407-432
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    • 2015
  • This study focuses on the flow of story and content or related context when using movies as learning materials in a class. A great advantage of using movies is that they have a consistent story and detailed content development. Most teachers, however, tend to concentrate on practical expressions totally unrelated to the story or context of the movie they are using. This way might be efficient in the short run but it is certain that the expressions are unlikely to be retained in long-term memory. This study examines how a story-centered class influences learning of practical expressions and how efficient this approach to learning is. Learning and teaching with focus only on the expressions in a movie shades the meaning of the use of the movie a little. In this study the movie, Cars 2, was used in a course of general education with 150 students enrolled. Various group activities were suggested to immerse students into the story and contents of Cars 2. It was found that a story-centered class is helpful for students to acquire practical expressions and that students' satisfaction level with the class was high.

A Satisfaction Survey on the Human Translation Outcomes and Machine Translation Post-Editing Outcomes

  • Hong, Junghee;Lee, Il Jae
    • International journal of advanced smart convergence
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.86-96
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    • 2021
  • This cross-sectional survey research carried out with the inquisitive agenda on satisfaction of the translation outcomes as performed by human translation and (machine translation) post-editing. The survey group consisted of 166 Korean translators primarily working with the English, Chinese, and Japanese languages. They were asked to rate the satisfactory level with accuracy, fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology in the Richter's scale of four. The result reveals that human translation is more satisfactory than post-editing with respect to accuracy, but it is uneasy to assert that accuracy is unsatisfactory in post-editing. On the other hand, the Korean translators are less satisfied with fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology than accuracy. It can be assumed that although human translation is more satisfactory than post-editing, the accuracy of post-editing seems to be more acknowledged than fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology, which lead the translators to take the accuracy of raw machine-translation products and to go on to improve the fluency, idiomatic expression, and terminology. Nevertheless, Korean translators believe Korean idiomatic expressions cannot be satisfactorily produced in post-editing, while fluency and terminology can be improved in post-editing.

Modal Auxiliary Verbs in Japanese EFL Learners' Conversation: A Corpus-based Study

  • Nakayama, Shusaku
    • 아시아태평양코퍼스연구
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.23-34
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    • 2021
  • This research examines Japanese non-native speakers' (JNNS) modal auxiliary verb use from two different perspectives: frequency of use and preferences for modalities. Additionally, error analysis is carried out to identify errors in modal use common among JNNSs. Their modal use is compared to that of English native speakers within a spoken dialogue corpus which is part of the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners' English. Research findings show at a statistically significant level that when compared to native speakers, JNNSs underuse past forms of modals and infrequently convey epistemic modality, indicating the possibility that JNNSs fail to express their opinions or thoughts indirectly when needed or to convey politeness appropriately. Error analysis identifies the following three types of common errors: (1) the use of incorrect tenses of modal verb phrases, (2) the use of inflected verb forms after modals, and (3) the non-use of main verbs after modals. The first type of error is largely because JNNSs do not master how to express past meanings of modals. The second and third types of errors seem to be due to first language transfer into second language acquisition and JNNSs' overgeneralization of the subject-verb agreement rules to modals respectively.

English vowel production conditioned by probabilistic accessibility of words: A comparison between L1 and L2 speakers

  • Jonny Jungyun Kim;Mijung Lee
    • 말소리와 음성과학
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2023
  • This study investigated the influences of probabilistic accessibility of the word being produced - as determined by its usage frequency and neighborhood density - on native and high-proficiency L2 speakers' realization of six English monophthong vowels. The native group hyperarticulated the vowels over an expanded acoustic space when the vowel occurred in words with low frequency and high density, supporting the claim that vowel forms are modified in accordance with the probabilistic accessibility of words. However, temporal expansion occurred in words with greater accessibility (i.e., with high frequency and low density) as an effect of low phonotactic probability in low-density words, particularly in attended speech. This suggests that temporal modification in the opposite direction may be part of the phonetic characteristics that are enhanced in communicatively driven focus realization. Conversely, none of these spectral and temporal patterns were found in the L2 group, thereby indicating that even the high-proficiency L2 speakers may not have developed experience-based sensitivity to the modulation of sub-categorical phonetic details indexed with word-level probabilistic information. The results are discussed with respect to how phonological representations are shaped in a word-specific manner for the sake of communicatively driven lexical intelligibility, and what factors may contribute to the lack of native-like sensitivity in L2 speech.

The Effects of Corpus Use on Learning L2 Collocations of Light Verbs and Nouns

  • Yoshiho Satake
    • 아시아태평양코퍼스연구
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.41-55
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    • 2023
  • In data-driven learning (DDL), learners explore a corpus to understand vocabulary and grammar. Although many studies have emphasized the role of DDL in second language (L2) acquisition, L2 light verbs have been largely under-explored. To bridge this gap, this study focused on the learning outcomes of L2 light verbs among 29 intermediate-level Japanese university students. The research zeroed in on six prevalent light verbs in English: "make," "do," "take," "have," "give," and "get." Over nine weeks, the participants engaged with verb-noun collocations using worksheets that juxtaposed Japanese translations of the target collocations with their English equivalents, with the verbs omitted. With the aid of Wordbanks Online, they filled in the blanks and constructed accurate sentences. Before this activity, a 20-minute tutorial was given to the participants on how to interpret the concordance lines. The effectiveness of the DDL method was evaluated using pre-tests, immediate post-tests, and delayed post-tests. The results showed that DDL significantly improved the participants' knowledge of the target collocations of light verbs and nouns; the post-test and delayed post-test scores were significantly higher than the pre-test scores. The results showed that, overall, DDL contributed to memorizing the collocations of light verbs and nouns; however, DDL had different effects on the memorization of collocations across different light verbs. The extent of work on the worksheet is not the only factor in its retention, and observing concordance lines may promote learners' memorization of light-verb collocations.

한국 학생들의 영어 철자 <a> 인지와 발화 (Perception and Production of English Grapheme <a> by Korean Students)

대학에서의 전공영어강의 수강 경험, 고등학교 3학년 때의 경험, 고3 때의 특성, 대학에서의 영어전용 전공강좌 수강경험, 진로결정 유형과 고용상태와의 관계 탐색 (Relationships among Students' 3rd Year High School Characteristics, College English-mediated Subject Courses, Career Decision Type, and Employment Status)

  • 박혜숙
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.442-452
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    • 2014
  • 본고는 한국교육고용 패널(KEEP) 1차 및 7차 자료를 이용하여 212명의 고3 때의 특성(수능성취도 포함), 대학 재학 중 영어전용 전공강좌 수강경험, 취업 실태(7차 자료)와의 관계를 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 대학에서의 전공과목 영어 수업 수강 여부, 영어전용 수업이해도를 예측하는데 사용된 고3 변수인 직업결정여부, 영어사교육경험여부, 영어흥미, 수능영어성취도 중 통계적으로 유의한 변수는 없었다. 대학에서의 경험(해외여행, 교수멘토링, 수업태도, 영어 공부시간)은 영어전용 전공강좌 선택과 관련이 없었으나, 영어전용 전공과목 수업이해도에 있어서 남학생에 비하여 여학생인 경우가 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 영어강의 수업이해도는 영어강의 수강회수와 정적상관이 있었으며, 수업의 유용성과 수업이해도는 교수의 영어사용빈도와 정적인 관계가 있었다. 진로결정유형(취업, 대학원진학/ 유학, 기타)과 영어전용 전공과목 수강여부와의 관계는 통계적으로 유의하였으나, 수업이해도와의 관계는 유의하지 않았다. 또한 영어전용 수업경험과 고용상태와의 관계는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다.

조기영어학습이 유아의 영어능력에 미치는 영향: 인지, 성격, 부모요인을 통제한 전향적 연구 (A prospective study on early English education and Korean children's English proficiency: When cognitive, personality and parental factors are controlled)

  • 김근영;김유리;박혜경;김가희
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제17권11호
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    • pp.552-562
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    • 2016
  • 조기 영어교육이 필요한 것인지, 그리고 효과가 있는 것인지에 대해서는 2000년대 이후 많은 연구들이 실시되어 왔으나, 상당수 연구들은 통제집단의 부재, 관련변인 통제의 실패, 혹은 간이검사의 사용 등으로 인해 해석의 어려움이 존재했다. 본 연구는 8개월간의 영어학습 프로그램이 유아의 영어능력에 유의미한 효과를 미치는 지를 알아보기 위해 미국에서 공식 언어검사로 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 WIDA검사를 사용하여 개입집단과 통제집단의 영어능력치를 3회에 걸쳐 측정하였다. 또 영어학습이 본격화 되기 이전의 아동의 한국어 능력, 지능, 성격변인, 그리고 부모의 사회경제적 변인 및 영어교육에 대한 태도를 측정하고 이를 통제하여 영어학습만의 고유효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 3차 검사를 완료한 39명의 유아들의 영어능력을 분석한 결과, 개입집단은 수용언어 발달과 표현언어 발달에 있어 관련변인의 효과를 통제한 후에도 여전히 통제집단 유아에 비해 우수하였다. 하지만 이러한 효과는 영어검사의 정답문항 수에 근거하였을 때에만 유의미하였으며, 집단간 질적인 측면에서 유의미한 변화는 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 단순 노출교육이라 하더라도 조기영어교육은 최소한 단기간 효과가 있음을 시사한다.

Radurization of Packaged English Sole Fillets

  • Chung, Jong-Rak
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.17-22
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    • 1969
  • English sole(가재미종) 어편을 Polymylar bag에 밀봉하여 500 Krad의 감마선에 조사한 후 36일간의 0-2$^{\circ}C$ 저장기간중 조사한 것과 조사하지 않은 어편내에 축적되는 부패표시 물질과 총 균수를 측정하였다. 단백질 분해균을 직접 계수하기 위하여 Casein agar Plate 법을 만들어 저장기간중의 총균수비 대한 단백질분해균의 비율을 측정하는데 사용하였다. 500 Krad 선량 조사결과 어편의 총 균수는 10분의 1로 감축되었고 저장중 조사하지 않은 어편의 총균수 보다 훨씬 적어 1000분의 1선까지 내려갔다. 이에 따라 TVB와 TMA 축적도 억제되어 부패선을 넘지 못했으며 단백질 분해균 역시 총균수의 1% 이하선으로 감축되었으며 저장 기간중 이 선을 넘지 못했다. 반면에 조사하지 않은 어편엔 총 균수에 대한 이들의 비율은 저장기간중 점차 상승하여 22일째까지 총균수의 85.5%를 차지하였다. 방사선 조사로 인한 이 단백질 분해균의 선택적인 제거는 그 어편의 단백질 분해 부진 현상을 초래했다.

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미국 캘리포니아주에 거주하는 동양인 이민자들의 흡연 및 음주 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인 (Influences on Smoking and Binge Drinking among Asian Immigrants in California)

  • 김영복;김영두
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.93-104
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    • 2009
  • Objectives: Although Asian immigrants have lower rates of smoking and binge drinking than other ethnics in the US, Korean Americans have the highest rate of Asian immigrants. This study, therefore, compared with the rates and examined the predictors of smoking and binge drinking by gender and ethnicity among Asian immigrants in California. Methods: In 2001 and 2003, California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) were conducted in English and their original languages with Asian immigrants residing in 58 Counties and 3 Cities, California. We performed analysis to find out the differences of smoking and binge drinking rates using the secondary data, CHIS 2001 and 2003. Multiple logistic regression analysis for survey data identified predictors of smoking and binge drinking behaviors by gender and ethnicity. Results: Korean American males (35.4%) and Japanese American females (15.4%) had higher rates of smoking prevalence compared with other Asian immigrants in California. In binge drinking, 26.5% of male and 8.1% of female among Korean Americans were binge drinker, and the rates were the top with Asian Americans who had lived in California. It showed the remarkable gap between gender of smoking and binge drinking among Vietnamese immigrants, whereas not the striking difference among Japanese Americans. In multiple regression models, age, educational level, occupation, marital status, English proficiency, and health insurance coverage remained significant for smoking and binge drinking behaviors(P<0.05). Even though the time in the US was not significant, it seemed to be related to educational level and English proficiency. In particular among female, smoking and binge drinking behaviors were associated with acculturation. Conclusion: Although Asian Americans had shared with American culture since they had immigrated in the US, they had significantly different prevalence rates of smoking and binge drinking based on gender and ethnicity. Therefore, future efforts should be focused on understanding differences by ethnicity and target at high-risk subgroups. To achieve this, it needs to develop the educational materials in Korean and their original languages.