• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.429-458
• /
• 2018

In this study, based on the results of analyzing the facilities and operation of the public libraries in Iksan, several strategies that may contribute to its regional development have been established. The strategies are as follows. The first one is to hire more librarians to perform the role of libraries at the advanced level that are suitable for the ever-growing library facilities. The second is the plan for specialization of the libraries, which was proposed with each subject suitable for each library such as History Culture, Modern and Local Culture, Jewelry and Precious metal, Food Cluster, Female, Administration & Welfare, and Environment & Ecology by matching the urban policies and characteristics of Iksan with these library. The others are the operation of English library in the way suggested in this study and the establishment of youth library to build up the role of the libraries in educational city. Through these strategies, the overall function and role of the public libraries in Iksan can be strengthened and emphasized.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.199-219
• /
• 2015

This study aims to illustrate the current status and changes of interlibrary loan service in Korea. Transaction data of KERIS Interlibrary Loan (ILL) Service from 2004 to 2014 were analyzed and key findings include the following: 1) In case 4 year college libraries, there is a close correlation between requests and responses in the interlibrary loan, but there is none for other type of libraries. 2) Social science and literature were the most responded subject area of interlibrary loan materials. In the aspect of language, responses for English materials occupied almost half of all responses. 3) 60 percent of libraries, the number of outgoing requests exceeded the number of their responses to incoming requests. 4) After 2012, KERIS ILL service showed a steady progress in all aspects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.195-199
• /
• 2011

There are many causes for the variation of the result in oral proficiency test such as the examiner, the task, the theme of the interview, and the gender of the participants. Previous literature documents that the rater is an important variable influencing test scores of second language oral proficiency. Although much research in language testing has been conducted concerning rater effect on test scores, there has been little attention paid to the effect of potential rater variables in language testing on their rating process. There are noticeably different contents of the rating scales across different speaking tests developed in different context. Therefore, it would not be appropriate to apply the same rating criteria for various tasks. In conclusion, we need more subject protocol analyses and more thoughtful studies on rating processes. In other words, the oral proficiency test needs a more realistic and valid tool for the assessment of second language proficiency.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.123-132
• /
• 2020

In contemporary times, there is an increasing demand for a dedicated healthcare environment, all over the world. The main motivation for this demand is the level of awareness manifested by the users and reflected on their expectations. Therefore new research strategies and design actions are investigated in order to answer to the users' needs and to provide objective design tools for the specialist. This study continues a series of previous developments of the Healthcare Environment Color Index that should be used for public facilities in Korea and abroad. The cross-cultural approach is a new opportunity for exchanging know-how and for testing and calibrating the perception of the users on the color index. The gathering of results was made based on the online survey provided in this phase in English version for the Romanian users. The survey was intended as an objective mean of research and an efficient way of disseminating information on the subject thus contributing to increasing the level of awareness of the users. A total of 86 Romanian and 89 Koreans with valid answers took part in the survey. Comparative visualizations of the results showed significant similarities concerning the patterns of color preferences but also cultural and emotional differences. As a result both categories of users proved to be aware of the relation between healthcare environment color and its effects on health. They also showed a common understanding on the potential of the color index. As a result the most appealing colors to be applied to the healthcare environment were the series G and B, and the most effective ones were proved to be the ranges of high lightness and low saturation but also the medium high lightness and medium saturation. Both the similarities and the differences of choice between Romanians and Koreans show that cultural and emotional differences of color recognition are important and that should be taken into consideration in design, in order to generate an inclusive and efficient healthcare environment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.138-146
• /
• 2007

Objective : To observe the trend in clinical study on atopic dermatitis(AD) over the last 3 years in order to develop a study methodology of AD in Oriental Medicine. Methods : Using the Pub med on line site; search terms: atopic dermatitis, field as title/abstract, limitation as published in the last 3 years, only items with links to full text, Humans, Clinical Trial, English. I observed the study contents of all this research and focused on the classification of treatments. I also observed of AD clinical trials registered on a clinical trial site(www.clinicaltrial.gov) on 23rd of June, 2007: study contents, localization and study designs. Results : Through the Pub Med site, I found 169 articles. Classified according to study subject, the studies related to treatment were 114(67.5%); physiology, pathology and prevention 12(7.1%); Diagnosis and Evaluation(7.1%); psychological aspects including quality of life 10(5.9%); diet and management 10(5.9%); epidemiology 7(4.1%); and others 7(4.1%). However, the treatment study of herb-medicine as intervention showed only 1 article. Futhermore, it wasn't based on Oriental Medicine philosophy. In the clinical trial site, there were 31 studies in which patients were recruited or planned for the future. The study on efficacy and safety of the medicine produced 14 trials, 5 comparative trials, 2 phototherapy, 2 diagnosis, 6 physiology and pathology, and 2 epidemiology. The trial institutions were concentrated in U.S.A. Conclusion : I suggest we'd better try to make a good clinical guideline and standardization of diagnosis and herb-medicine in order to develop a clinical study methodology of AD as soon as possible in the future. Even though it 's very hard to find the study methodology, we should aim to achieve positive results and show the evidence of the efficacy and safety of herb-medicine treatment for AD using Oriental Medicine.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.169-179
• /
• 2001

Recently, there has been an increasing interchange between South Korea and North Korea. Accordingly, there has been active research to understand the society and culture of North Korea, it has been attempted to have comparative study about nursing education to increase understanding between South and North Korea. In the current educational system, 12 years of education is required for entering a nursing college or university in South Korea, but there are only 10 years for entering nursing college in North Korea. After finishing undergraduate studies one can enter graduate school for a masters degree and or a doctoral degree, but there is a longitudinal relation to medical education in North Korea. Regarding the number of nursing educational institutions, there are 50 BSN programs & 61 Diploma programs in South Korea and 11 Diploma programs in North Korea. In regards to curriculum, South Korea has diverse subjects for general education for freshmen, then is subjects to basic specialities sophomore year, and speciality subject and clinical practices from junior year corresponding to the student's intentions. North Korea has minor subjects for general education and basic specialities in freshmen, speciality subjects sophomore year, speciality subjects and clinical practice in the junior year that may not correspond with the student's intentions. The most outstanding difference in the curriculum is North Korea has various subjects for oriental medicine with clinical application. North Korea also does not teach computer science and English is at a very low level. In clinical practice, South Korea has various settings for clinical practice including community health institutions under the nursing professor or clinical instructor. However, North Korea has limited settings for clinical practice (general hospitals) under a doctor's instruction. Also both South and North Korea have a similar licensing system. Therefore, there must be many more studies regarding North Korea, especially in nursing and nursing education in order to decrease differences and confusion between the Koreas and to prepare for a future unification.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.71-87
• /
• 2004

Korean has a pair of voiceless fricatives, whose laryngeal manifestation comes in parallel to stops and affricates with a three-way lexical contrast. Prior phonetic studies by Kagaya (1974), Iverson (1983), and Kang (1999, 2000) point out /s/ is associated with multiple characteristics of the larynx shared with not only the lax but also the aspirated series, whereas /s' / carries a laryngeal distinction typical of the tense consonants. The complex dual nature of /s/ is again supported by a psycholinguistic study by Kang (2004), as /s/ was found to interact with /$c^h$/ (17% of the time) as well as /c/ (57%) in speech errors. In addition, a recent work by Cho and Lee (2003) notes an interesting chain shift case in the acquisition of the fricatives. Although they observed a significant phonological pattern between child English and Korean, Cho and Lee's description of acquiring fricatives is far from being precise from the perspective of phonetics. From a longitudinal study of recorded tapes by two children at 1;7-3;8 and 1;7-2;1 respectively, I found that /s' / was usually substituted into tense noncontinuants in young children's early production as predicted, whereas /s/ having both lax and aspirated-like glottal properties revealed a complicated pattern of substitutions into lax, tense, and aspirated noncontinuants with a varying degree of preference relative to the subjects. The current acquisition study supports the previous claims concerning fricatives in other languages, showing that their acquisition comes after stops. Besides, it also notes that Korean fricatives are subject to a series of phonological processes called stopping, affricating, tensifying and palatalizing during the transitional period of phonological development by young children. Moreover, between the two voiceless types, /s/ was acquired earlier than /s'/ as the unmarked segment.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.209-230
• /
• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to describe the details and to assess the clinical evidence of acupuncture and moxibustion for non-specific chronic neck pain. Methods : We searched seven databases including Korean, English, and Chinese databases through July 2016. Studies using acupuncture, moxibustion, pharmacopuncture, electroacupuncture, auricular-acupuncture, acupressure for non-specific chronic neck pain were included. Only controlled clinical trials or randomized clinical trials were assessed. Study design, number of subject, inclusion criteria, intervention, and results were extracted. In addition, details of intervention including needle type, retention time, acupoints were analyzed. Results : Total 64 studies(39 acupuncture, 9 laser, 6 pharmaco-acupuncture, 3 electro-acupuncture, 3 auricular-acupuncture, 3 moxibustion, 1 acupressure) were included. Among 39 acupuncture studies, 35 used acupuncture as sole intervention. Sham treatment was the most common intervention for control group, followed by no intervention. Various outcome including pain, disability, quality of life, range of motion was used as outcome measurement. The effect of acupuncture and moxibustion was different depending on the type of control and outcome measurement. The most commonly used method in acupuncture for neck pain was GB21, SI3, GB20, LI4, BL11 acupoints, 10~30 mm insertion depth, 20~30 retention time, and 1~2 times per week. Conclusions : Analyzing the details of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment could be helpful for researches and clinics. Further studies should consider the characteristics of study design, intervention, and outcome to assess the effect of TKM.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.139-171
• /
• 2012

This paper examines the effect of private tutoring expenditures on academic performance of middle school students in South Korea, using data from "Analysis of the Level of School Education and Its Actual condition: Middle School". In the face of endogeneity of private tutoring expenditures, the paper employs an instrumental variable (IV) method and a nonparametric bounding method. Using both methods we show that the true effect of private tutoring on middle school students remains at most modest in Korea. The IV results suggest that a 10 percent increase in tutoring expenditure for Korean, English and math raises a student's test score of the subject at the largest by 1.24, 1.28, and 0.75 percent, respectively. The bounding results also fail to show evidence that an increase in tutoring expenditure leads to economically and statistically significant improvements in test score.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.465-470
• /
• 2010

Using interesting video clips corresponding to lesson subjects for students who favour visual representation is one of the good methods to enhance students' preference for science class. There are many moving picture web sites to get video clips easily via internet and 'YouTube' is very popular and one of the largest reservoir. In this study, every student in the 'Chemistry I' class, which is a class for 11th grade, was requested to search a video clip corresponding to lesson subjects and to make a presentation in the class. After 1st semester, students' response about the class using YouTube was examined by survey. As a result, students preferred and were interested in the class using YouTube than class centered on textbook. And students preferred YouTube clips showing unusual experiments that were related with contents of subject. In addition, experiments and watching their real phenomena were an interesting factor and helpful factor of learning chemistry in YouTube video clips, respectively. However, translation of English used in the video clips seemed to be a difficult part for students.