• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.18-28
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• 2007

Three diesel engines were fueled with BDF 20, a blend of 80% diesel fuel and 20% biodiesel fuel by volume, and run in excess of 200 h to evaluate their combustion characteristics and durability. The engines used for this study were a 4-cylinder 2476-cc displacement IDI diesel engine(Engine 1), a 4-cylinder l732-cc displacement IDI diesel engine(Engine 2), and a single cylinder 673-cc displacement DI diesel engine(Engine 3). Engine dynamometer testing was performed on each engine at regularly scheduled intervals to monitor the performance and exhaust emissions, which were sampled at 1h intervals for analysis, The peak combustion pressure with BDF 20 increased in Engines 1 and 3 over that measured when burning pure diesel fuel, but that in Engine 2 remained constant. Combustion parameters, such as the maximum combustion pressure and corresponding crank angle, did not change over the long-term dynamometer testing. The BSFC with BDF 20 in Engine 1 was less than that measured with pure diesel fuel. The amount of smoke produced with BDF 20 was less for all engines ; the greatest reduction was observed for Engine 3. The NOx emissions were lower in the IDI engines than the DI engine. The traditional trade-off between smoke and NOx emissions was maintained for BDF 20 fuel for Engines 1 and 3. There was not a big difference in the $CO_2\;and\;O_2$ emissions for BDF 20, as compared to pure diesel fuel, but more $CO_2$ was exhausted by Engine 1 than by Engines 2 or 3 and less $O_2$ was exhausted by Engine 1 than by Engines 2 or 3. The engine parts remained clean, except for some carbon attached to the area surrounding the nozzle hole of the DI diesel engine.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.122-132
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• 2017

This study dealt with the design process of the 78 kW permanent magnet synchronous generator for engines. After the calculation of the basic dimensions through a theoretical method in the process of initial model design, FEA (finite-element analysis) and a d,q-axis equivalent circuit were used to identify the generator characteristics depending on the number of poles. With the use of the space harmonic analysis method, the back-EMF (electromotive force) and THD were checked, and then the number of slots was determined. In addition, the most optimized generator dimensions were determined through a sizing optimization technique. Based on this, the optimum model with enhanced efficiency, material costs, and temperature characteristics was derived, and the availability of the design method was confirmed through a comparative analysis of the initial and optimum models.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2005년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.592-597
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• 2005

Biogas is widely accepted as one of renewable energy. Raw biogas can be used in internal combustion engines either spark ignition or diesel engines. Since the gas has relatively low calorific values, engine power also is lower than rated power values. Modified engines or biogas-specific engines have been utilized in order to increase efficiency. Recently, gas engine/generators are provided for various purposes. They are mostly for LPG or natural gas. When biogas is fueled to the gas engines, de-rating is inevitable due to its lower calorific values. Meanwhile, massively produced commercial gas engines are more competitive in terms of initial investment for engines, compared to biogas-specific engines. Then, the characteristics of the commercial engine and power generation should be understood for better operation. A 5kW gas engine/generator(natural gas) was tested for determining an allowable maximum concentration of $CO_2$ in synthetic biogas, with respect to engine stating, power generation. Experimental results indicated that about 65% of methane concentration is required to start the gas engine. At this condition, the power generated was about 3 kW. It is about 60% of the nominal power, which is similar to the ratio of calorific values.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제24권4_2호
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• pp.475-480
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to obtain the natural frequency of fuel supply pipes for vehicle engines through modal analysis and testing and compare the resulting values to ensure the reliability of the analysis. In other words, in this study, we obtain the unique frequency of the fuel pipe of the vehicle engine through analysis and testing and compare its results. Comparing the natural frequency obtained through analysis and testing, the first and third vibration modes obtained accurate natural frequency results of less than 1% and very similar results of less than 5% maximum error over the fourth vibration modes. These results are determined that if design changes of fuel pipes are made depending on the vehicle in the future, there will be no problem in obtaining the natural frequency of pipes that have been changed by analysis. Through future analysis and testing, durability and stability evaluation of connections of fuel supply pipes for vehicle engines will be carried out.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 1997

The lubrication characteristics of high-speed ball bearings at oil-starvation have been investigated empirically using the bearings employed in small industrial gas turbine engines. For the close structural simulation, experiments carried our with bearing mounting supports of real engines, such as bearing housings and oil nozzle assemblies with squeeze film dampers. Thus the results of tests can be applied to the design and the development of gas turbine engines. Testing was done by simulating the oil-starvation conditions in engines, such as stopping the oil-supply to the bearing during normal operating, starting without oil-supply at atmospheric temperature, and accelerating with oil-supply at atmospheric temperature. From this study, the relative comparison of the frictional resistance and the resistance due to the bearing cavity oil was demonstrated visually, and the resistance due to the bearing cavity oil was dominant in the resistance of bearing at high speed.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.777-781
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• 2001

An Altitude Engine Test Facility(AETF) was built at the Korea Aerospace Research Institute in October 1999 and has been being operated for altitude testing of the gas turbine engines of 3,000 Ibf class or less. The AETF has been calibrated using several engines such as J69 engine of Teledyne Co. as a facility checkout engine. Based on the test results, uncertainty analyses on the air flow rate and thrust were performed according to ASME PTC 19.1-1998. As the analyses showed that the level of uncertainty was not satisfactory over the whole operating envelop, several modifications of the facility and testing method were made in order to improve the measurement uncertainty. As a result, the uncertainty of the air flow measurement was improved by 0.1 % over all the test conditions, and the net thrust measurement by upto 3%. The improved measurement uncertainties of air flow and thrust are 0.68-0.73% and 0.4-1.3%, respectively.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.28-34
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• 1996

The lubrication characteristics of high-speed ball bearings have been investigated empirically using 45mm bore split inner ring ball bearings employed in small industrial gas turbine engines with oil-jet lubrication method. For the close structural simulation, experiments carried out with bearing mounting supports of real engines, such as bearing housings and oil nozzle assemblies with squeeze film dampers. Thus the results of tests can be directly applied to the design and the development of gas turbine engines. Testing was done by varying operating speeds, axial load on bearings, and lubricant flow rates. During testing, the temperature of bearing at outer-ring face, the power consumption of the driving motor, and the rotating resistance of the bearing were measured. From this study, the representative factors for lubrication characteristics at high speed was found, and the most important one was not operating speed but axial load up to 1.95 million dmN speed and 2969 N axial load. Furthermore, the detailed variation of the rotational resistance of the bearing could be visualized by measuring the change of the radial load under the bearing supports. The rotational resistance consists of the frictional resistance and the bearing-cavity oil resistance.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1996년도 제24회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.86-93
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• 1996

The lubrication characteristics of high-speed ball bearings has been investigated empirically using 45mm bore split inner ring ball bearings employed in small industrial gas turbine engines with oil-jet lubrication method. For the close structural simulation, experiments carried out with bearing mounting supports of real engines, such as bearing housings and oil nozzle assemblies with squeeze film dampers. Thus the results of tests can be directly applied to the design and the development of gas turbine engines. Testing was done by varying operating speeds, axial load on bearings, and lubricant flowrates. During testing, the temperature of bearing at outer-ring face, the power consumption of the driving motor, and the rotating resistance of the bearing were measured. From this study, the representative factors for lubrication characteristics at high speed was found, and the most important one was not operating speed but axial load up to 1.95 million dmN speed and 303 kgf axial load. Furthermore, the detailed variation of the rotational resistance of the bearing could be visualized by measuring the change of the radial load under the bearing supports. The rotational resistance consists of the frictional resistance and the bearing-cavity oil resistance.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제24권67호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2001

This paper is to measure and evaluate the degree of customer satisfaction for internet search engines. The service quality scale is developed after testing validity and reliability through the result of inquiring into the literature and the interview of university students. The stepwise regression analysis using MINITAB is used to analyze the survey results.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.348-356
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• 2003

Active vibration control algorithms for the compensator and proto-type testing system have been developed for the suppression of vibrations from the reciprocating engines. At first, the developed algorithm determines optimal control vibration phases by detecting vibration responses of the engine without and with compensator, and then performs the continuous optimal control functions by tracking the change of the vibration frequency and phase. This algorithm is comparatively simple. robust for the external excitations and needless of supplementary operation since the control process is serially carried out. To validate the performance of compensator and algorithm, testing system including excitation device are constructed and tested, and the reductions of vibration levels are observed over than 80 % of the uncontrolled levels at various frequency ranges.