• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.63-101
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• 2015

Banking and borrowing under the ETS may affect the low carbon technology investment level. If the indirect implementation measures are allowed, firms can gradually adjust their carbon reduction costs between implementation periods based on their carbon reduction costs and emission price forecasts. This implies that banking and borrowing may reduce or increase the level of low carbon technology R&D investment. In an oligopoly market, the effects of the measures are quite different from the ones in a perfectly competitive market. This is because the indirect implementation measures can shift market competition in Cournot competition model. The effects of banking and borrowing on the carbon reduction R&D investments depend on emission reduction costs, marginal production costs, discount rate, initial free allocation, and the cost reduction effects of R&D investment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.2396-2402
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• 2015

Air compressor, as an essential equipment used in the factory and plant operations, accounts for around 30% of the total electricity consumption in U.S.A, thereby being proposed advanced technologies to reduce electricity consumption. When the fluctuation of the compressed airflow rate is small, the system stability is increased followed by the reduction of the electricity consumption which results in the efficient design of the energy system. In the statistical analysis, the normal distribution, log normal distribution, gamma distribution or the like are generally used to identify system characteristics. However a single distribution may not fit well the data with long tail, representing sudden air flow rate especially in extremes. In this paper, authors decouple the compressed airflow rate into two parts to present a mixture of distribution function and suggest a method to reduce the electricity consumption. This reduction stems from the fact that a general pareto distribution estimates more accurate quantile value than a gaussian distribution when an airflow rate exceeds over a large number.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.9C
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• pp.1316-1322
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• 2004

Recently, the UWB (ultra wide-band) wireless communication technology, which provides high data transmission and is capable of linearly trading between throughput and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), has drawn much attention for short-range wireless networks. Fully exploiting its notable features and minimizing its interference to coexisting other systems require the knowledge of SNR's at receivers In this paper, we propose an algorithm for estimating the pulse energy to noise ratio Ep/No of UWB signal with utilization of outputs from a correlator at a receiver, and evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm through computer simulation. According to simulation results, the maximum standard deviation is about 1 13 dB with a block size of 500. Except for Ep/No=O and 2 dB cases with a block size of 500, no errors greater than 3 dB were observed in all the remaining experiments. Generally speaking, it improves as the true Ep/No, increases and as the block size increases A notable feature of the proposed algorithm is that it does not reduce the effective throughput because the estimation process does not require sending additional training signal of any specific format.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.451-472
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• 2017

An OPEC production announcement is a major source of supply disruption that has a significant impact on the international crude oil market. In this study, the effects of OPEC's announcements are analyzed using event study methodology. Considering the oil price volatility and structural changes in the oil price, we divide the entire period into three periods and analyze the impact of OPEC's production quota announcements, including 'cut', 'hike', and 'maintain'. As a result of the analysis, we observe that the degree and direction of abnormal returns differ according to the announcements in each period. In addition, by subdividing oil price surge and plunge period into two sections, we analyze the effect of OPEC's 'maintain' announcements. During the oil price plunge period, the amount of abnormal returns was significant. This study provides policy implications for oil trading strategies and for the impact of OPEC announcements during periods of oil price fluctuation.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2014

The continued efforts to reduce GHG emission by international cooperation and each country are in progress. As part of these efforts, Korea's ETS is enforced in 2015. This was the time to make strategies for each company to respond Korea's ETS. This study was performed to suggest a draft of basic strategies for electronic component industry in current Korea's ETS stage are as follows; - Analyzing the nature of electronic component industry - Identifying needs for corresponding ETS of electronic component industry - Analyzing basic countermeasures for each stage of ETS - Suggesting drafts of basic strategies for electronic component industry in current Korea's ETS stage The result of this study, the current stage of Korea's ETS is moving from implementation of the scheme become determined and prepare the minimum corresponding to direct corresponding to the regulation and market change. Electronic component industry has many GHG emission growth(or change) factor, and it will be make electronic component industry as a buyer when Korea's ETS is enforced. Korea's ETS will be clearly act as a regulation rather than new business for electronic component industry. Therefore, identifying the Korea's ETS as a regulation is resonable strategy for corresponding the scheme. The basic strategies of electronic component industry th responding Korea's ETS are as follows; - Building internal organization and decision-making system before enforcement the Korea's ETS - Establishing internal basic corresponding strategies according to carbon price forecast scenarios - Considering the energy consumption and GHG emissions in design phase and preparing the global ETS market in mid or long term.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.183-190
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• 2018

Predicting accurate electricity prices is an important task in the electricity trading market. To address the electricity price forecasting problem, various approaches have been proposed so far and it is known that linear regression-based approaches are the best. However, the use of such linear regression-based methods is limited due to low accuracy and performance. In traditional linear regression methods, it is not practical to find a nonlinear regression model that explains the training data well. If the training data is complex (i.e., small-sized individual data and large-sized features), it is difficult to find the polynomial function with n terms as the model that fits to the training data. On the other hand, as a linear regression model approximating a nonlinear regression model is used, the accuracy of the model drops considerably because it does not accurately reflect the characteristics of the training data. To cope with this problem, we propose a new electricity price forecasting method that divides the entire dataset to multiple split datasets and find the best linear regression models, each of which is the optimal model in each dataset. Meanwhile, to improve the performance of the proposed method, we modify the proposed localized linear regression method in the map and reduce way that is a framework for parallel processing data stored in a Hadoop distributed file system. Our experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms the existing linear regression model. Specifically, the accuracy of the proposed method is improved by 45% and the performance is faster 5 times than the existing linear regression-based model.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.68 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2019

There is a growing interest in various microgrid solutions that supply electricity 24 hours a day to off-grid areas where are not connected with the main grid, and Korea has many positive effects by constructing overseas microgrids as a country operating the emission trading scheme. Since it is not clear how to obtain load curves that is one of the inputs of the HOMER used to design a microgrid optimization plan, or it is necessary to examine whether electricity is supplied to the peak load level of the areas where have not received the electricity benefits from the viewpoint of the demand management, a methodology should be developed to know the load composition ratio and the shape of the daily load curve. In this paper, the relative coefficient and average load information for each load group obtained from the survey are used besides peak load and total average load. A mathematical model is proposed to derive the load composition ratio in the form of a Quadratic Programming and the load forecasting is performed using simple linear regression with future indicators. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed for the Philippine island region supported by Korea Energy Agency and the Asian Development Bank.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.137-147
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• 2018

To prepare for and implement policies for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which is characterized by convergence, super-connectivity, and AI, this study summarized the effects and characteristics of individual technologies on our society and discussed the issues with humanity and social science perspectives. As a result, in terms of AI technology, the issues of job losses, project-type works, basic income and robot taxes, accountability of AI, and algorithm inequality were dealt with. Security, cyber hacking and privacy infringement issues were highlighted in big-data technology. In the part of block-chain and bioengineering, the society of decentralization, the concentration, digital divide, and ethical issues were discussed. On-demand economic aspects highlighted the problems of civil ethics and human commercialization. Lastly, the development of VR is discussed including side effects such as cyber-syndrom, avoidance of reality, and so on.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.109-116
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a non-intrusive load monitoring(NILM) system which can find the power of each home appliance from the aggregated total power as the activation in the trading market of the distributed resource and the increasing importance of energy management. We transform the amount of appliances' power into a power on-off state by preprocessing. We use LSTM as a model for predicting states based on these data. Accuracy is measured by comparing predicted states with real ones after postprocessing. In this paper, the accuracy is measured with the different number of electronic products, data postprocessing method, and Time step size. When the number of electronic products is 6, the data postprocessing method using the Round function is used, and Time step size is set to 6, the maximum accuracy can be obtained.

• 한국산학경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.147-170
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• 2006

Landfill gas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide produced by the bacterial decomposition of organic wastes, and it is considered to produce bad smells and pollute the environment. Economic trials and the developments of landfill gas, as an alternative energy resource, become known at the recent years, Resource development of landfill gas, which is managed by Korea up to now, is for the most part generation using gas engine. Medium BTU and High BTU are considered for the power generation as well. Most income of generation using gas engine is selling charge through a power plant. Expecting to manage the power plant for up to 10 years, the analysis based on revenue and expenditure shows when the unit price is 65.2 Won and the operating rate reaches 90%, it is possible to be into the black in 2012 without considering additional financial expense, It was also analyzed that the profit at a unit price of 85 Won under the anticipated rising unit price by the operating rate of 71% is larger than at the operating rate of 90% under limited unit price of 65.2 Won. It means to manage the power plant at a unit price of 65.2 Won and the operating rate must be higher than 90% for economic logicality. If we assume that the operating rate is 90% and it increases the unit price, the unit price must be higher than 85 Won for the management of a power plant. Analysis of changing a unit price, however, might be expected to have a gradual rise of prices. If there is no price rising and additional income related to CDM(Clean Development Mechanism) and emission trading upon Kyoto protocol, the management of a power plant using gas engine will get financial difficulties because of many operating expenses. However, since landfill gas is considered as a worthy energy resource for the guarantee of sustainable development and for the equity between recent generation and future generation, the development of it must be accomplished by the government's additional supporting and efforts under the interest of all stakeholder who are involved.