• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.708-717
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• 2017

Industrial innovation in Britain, during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, stimulated the introduction of the factory system and the migration of people from rural agricultural communities to urban industrial societies. The factory system brought elevated levels of economic growth to the purveyors of capitalism, but forced people to migrate into cities where working conditions in factories were, in general, harsh and brutal, and living conditions were cramped, overcrowded and unsanitary. Industrial developments, known collectively as the 'Industrial Revolution', were driven initially by the harnessing of water and steam power, and the widespread construction of rail, shipping and road networks. Parallel with these changes, came the development of purchasing 'middle class', consumers. Various technological ripples (or waves of innovative activity) continued (worldwide) up to the early-twenty-first century. Of recent note are innovations in digital technology, with associated developments, for example, in artificial intelligence, robotics, 3-D printing, materials technology, computing, energy storage, nano-technology, data storage, biotechnology, 'smart textiles' and the introduction of what has become known as 'e-commerce'. This paper identifies the more important early technological innovations, their influence on textile manufacture, distribution and consumption, and the changed role of the designer and craftsperson over the course of these technological ripples. The implications of non-ethical production, globalisation and so-called 'fast fashion' and non-sustainability of manufacture are examined, and the potential benefits and opportunities offered by new and developing forms of social media are considered. The message is that hand-crafted products are ethical, sustainable and durable.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.436-454
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• 2016

This research presents the battery discharge rate models for the energy consumption of mobile phone batteries based on machine learning by taking into account three usage patterns of the phone: the standby state, video playing, and web browsing. We present the experimental design methodology for collecting data, preprocessing, model construction, and parameter selections. The data is collected based on the HTC One X hardware platform. We considered various setting factors, such as Bluetooth, brightness, 3G, GPS, Wi-Fi, and Sync. The battery levels for each possible state vector were measured, and then we constructed the battery prediction model using different regression functions based on the collected data. The accuracy of the constructed models using the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and the support vector machine (SVM) were compared using varying kernel functions. Various parameters for MLP and SVM were considered. The measurement of prediction efficiency was done by the mean absolute error (MAE) and the root mean squared error (RMSE). The experiments showed that the MLP with linear regression performs well overall, while the SVM with the polynomial kernel function based on the linear regression gives a low MAE and RMSE. As a result, we were able to demonstrate how to apply the derived model to predict the remaining battery charge.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.508-514
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the influences of aeration rates and temperatures on phosphorus transformation in the manure during treatment of swine manure in 15.3L batch reactor. The total phosphorus of raw manure was composed of $91.5\%$ of inorganic phosphorus and $8.5\%$ of organic phosphorus. During the experiment, inorganic phosphorus decreased from $91.5\%\;(385.7\;mg/L)\;to\;25.8-42.7\%\;(108.8-179.8\;mg/L)$ while organic phosphorus increased from $8.5\%\;(35.6\;mg/L)\;to\;57.3-74.2\%\;(241.5-312.5\;mg/L)$. The organic phosphorus was increased by the possible transformation of soluble inorganic phosphorus to poly-phosphate by the microbial uptake. However, soluble inorganic phosphorus was not decreased much during the experiment because the insoluble inorganic phosphorus was transferred to soluble inorganic phosphorus offsetting the microbial uptake. There was no significant difference in soluble inorganic proportion variance during the experiment among treatments for three liquid temperatures and three aeration levels. In terms of phosphorus transformation in the manure and energy consumption required for aeration, lower aeration was desirable fur the manure treatment.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

Daylighting systems can improve the luminous quality of indoor environment and reduce the building's electric lighting energy consumption. For designing good daylighting, place the light where it is desired and avoid excessive contrasts, glare and high light levels. Sun scoop, light scoop and sun catcher systems have been used for alternative systems compared to other natural lighting systems. This study aims to evaluate daylighting performance of sun scoop, light scoop and sun catcher systems using scale model experiments. For the purpose, the 1/10 scale models of the systems were made as the same areas of glazing(10 percent of floor area) on the top of the center roof. Totally 15 measuring points of illuminance on the horizontal work plane were monitored from 09:30 to 12:30 on October 29, 2007. Agilent data logger and photometric sensors Li-cor were used. As the results, the topside lighting systems can improve the illumination uniformity than side lighting and top lighting. However, the appropriated shading system should be integrated to prevent the direct sunlight.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2015

In this paper, we present a reliability-based iterative proportionality-logic decoding algorithm for two classes of structured low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. The main contributions of this paper include: 1) Syndrome messages instead of extrinsic messages are processed and exchanged between variable nodes and check nodes, which can reduce the decoding complexity; 2) a more flexible decision mechanism is developed in which the decision threshold can be self-adjusted during the iterative process. Such decision mechanism is particularly effective for decoding the majority-logic decodable codes; 3) only part of the variable nodes satisfying the pre-designed criterion are involved for the presented algorithm, which is in the proportionality-logic sense and can further reduce the computational complexity. Simulation results show that, when combined with factor correction techniques and appropriate proportionality parameter, the presented algorithm performs well and can achieve fast decoding convergence rate while maintaining relative low decoding complexity, especially for small quantized levels (3-4 bits). The presented algorithm provides a candidate for those application scenarios where the memory load and the energy consumption are extremely constrained.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 1999

This study was conducted to evaluate the workers' health conditions, nutritional status, food habits, and their needs for the nutrition programs at the worksite. Three hundred and fifty one(men 260, women 91) employees from 11 companies in urban area were recruited for the study. The results of this study were as follows : The average consumption of nutrients in the subjects' diets were found to be deficient such as total energy, calcium, iron, vitamin A and $B_2$. More than 42% of the subjects have at least one of the chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes mellitus, anemia, hypercholesterolemia, liver disease, and hypertension. Most subjects did not recognize their own blood cholesterol levels, blood pressure, or blood sugar level. Nutrition knowledge scores of the subjects were very low, which was only 52.4%. It should be noted that weight problems and other health problems of the employees at the worksite were frequently found among the employees who had relatively low nutrition knowledge scores. The nutrition programs for prevention of the obeses, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, stress, and smoking were urgently needed by the subjects. Many subjects also wanted the nutrition education programs for their family.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2012

Daylighting has a very effective role in reducing power consumption and improving indoor environments in office buildings. Previously, it was not under consideration as a major source of renewable energy due to poor reliability in the design. Optical fiber as a transmission medium in the daylighting system demands uniform distribution of light to solve cost, heat, and efficiency issues. Therefore, this study focuses on the uniform distribution of sunlight through the fiber bundle and to the interior of the building. To this end, two efficient approaches for the fiber-based daylighting system are presented. The first approach consists of a parabolic mirror, and the second approach contains a Fresnel lens. Sunlight is captured, guided, and distributed through the concentrator, optical fibers, and lenses, respectively. At the capturing stage, uniform illumination solves the heat problem, which has critical importance in making the system cost-effective by introducing plastic optical fibers. The efficiency of the system is increased by collimated light, which helps to insert maximum light into the optical fibers. Furthermore, we find that the hybrid system of combining sunlight and light emitting diode light gives better illumination levels than that of traditional lighting systems. Simulation and experimental results have shown that the efficiency of the system is better than previous fiber-based daylighting systems.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2022

The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused serious impacts not only on human health but also on the economies around the world. Enterprises play an important role in the development of every country but it is also one of the most affected sectors during the pandemic. Drawing on panel data of 131 enterprises listed on the Vietnamese stock exchange from 2016Q1 to 2021Q3, this study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on firm performance. Enterprises are classified into seven industries including Agriculture, Material, Industry, Real estate and Construction, Energy, Consumer, and Service. The paper also analyzes the variation of the effects among companies, focusing on differences in revenue and capital structure. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affects business performance. In addition, the empirical findings indicate that revenue and debt decreasing can cause deterioration of firm performance during the pandemic period. The decrease in revenue has a direct impact on firm profitability. The reduction of debt levels affects the corporate leverage leading to adverse effects on firm performance. The negative effect is more pronounced for companies in some specific sectors including industry, real estate, construction, consumption, and services.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.1838-1854
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• 2023

This paper presents a hybrid algorithm to solve the multi-objective path planning (MOPP) problem for mobile robots in a static nuclear accident environment. The proposed algorithm mimics a real nuclear accident site by modeling the environment with a two-layer cost grid map based on geometric modeling and Monte Carlo calculations. The proposed algorithm consists of two steps. The first step optimizes a path by the hybridization of improved ant colony optimization algorithm-modified A^* (IACO-A^*) that minimizes path length, cumulative radiation dose and energy consumption. The second module is the high radiation dose rate avoidance strategy integrated with the IACO-A^* algorithm, which will work when the mobile robots sense the lethal radiation dose rate, avoiding radioactive sources with high dose levels. Simulations have been performed under environments of different complexity to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, and the results show that IACO-A^* has better path quality than ACO and IACO. In addition, a study comparing the proposed IACO-A^* algorithm and recent path planning (PP) methods in three scenarios has been performed. The simulation results show that the proposed IACO-A^* IACO-A^* algorithm is obviously superior in terms of stability and minimization the total cost of MOPP.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2006

반도체 공정기술의 발달로 인해 칩의 집적도가 향상되고 높은 성능의 SoC (System On a Chip)의 구현이 가능해졌다. 하지만 이로 인한 칩의 전력 소모량 증가는 칩 설계시의 중요 제한 요소가 되고 있다 칩 설계의 하위 단계로 갈수록 설계의 수정은 시간과 금전적 비용을 기하급수적으로 증가시키기 때문에, 설계의 상위 단계에서부터 칩의 소모 전력을 미리 추정하는 기술은 필수적이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 효율적인 상위 레벨 소모 전력 추정을 위해 회로를 레벨화 하고, 일부 레벨의 스위칭을 기반으로 회로의 소모 전력을 look up 테이블을 이용하여 모델링하였다 제안한 기술을 이용하여 ISCAS'85 벤치마크 회로에 대해 평균 소모 전력을 추정한 결과, 기존에 알려진 소모 전력 추정 기술에 비해 평균 추정 오차를 $9.45\%$에서 $3.84\%$로 크게 개선한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.