• 공업화학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.346-351
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• 2014

인구증가와 산업화로 인한 물의 수요 급증에 따른 제3세대 수처리 기술로써 정전기적 흡 탈착 공정에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 정전기적 흡 탈착 기술의 경우, 기존에 사용되는 수처리 방법들에 비해 에너지 소비량이 적으며, 재생시에 2차 오염이 발생하지 않아 차세대 수처리 기술로 주목 받고 있다. 정전기적 흡 탈착 기술에서 이온 제거를 위한 전극 물질로는 넓은 비표면적과 높은 전도도를 갖는 탄소 전극이 주로 사용된다. 현재 다양한 탄소 물질로 이루어진 전극에 대한 연구가 수행되고 있으며, 특히 비표면적, 기공 분포에 따른 흡 탈착 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 다양한 탄소 물질 및 기공 분포에 따른 영향을 분석하고, 메조기공과 마이크로기공이 조화를 이루는 최적의 조건을 제시하고자 한다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2016

Purpose: It is difficult to calculate frame U-value because of the two reason. First is selection of air properties in cavity. Second is calculation method in window frame. For this reason, it is important to decide cavity properties in window frame. However, international standards offered different method(ISO 15099, ISO 10077) and air properties was changed according to the two methods. The aim of this study was to suggest method for deriving accurate frame U-value using international standard methods and CFD simulation. Method: First, this study conducted analysis calculation method of ISO 15099 and ISO 10077. And, CFD simulation conducted based on same condition. Finally, ISO calculation and CFD simulation results were verified through comparison with real experiment results. Result: The results show that effective conductivity of ISO 15099 was the highest value. ISO 10077 and CFD result followed. The convergent values of ISO 10077 was the highest. ISO 15099 and CFD followed. ISO calculation reflecting CFD simulation results will reduce error with experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2001

목재 내 리그닌의 선택적 분해 특성을 지닌 백색부후균 중, Phanerochaete chrysosporium KCCM 34740 균주를 현사시나무 목재 칩에 전처리하여 bio-kraft pulping 적용 가능성을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 전처리 결과, 무처리 대조구에 비해 펄프의 정선수율은 전처리 10일에서 최고 약 2%의 증가를 보였으며, 전처리 기간의 증가에 따라 여수도의 감소, WRV의 증가 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 수초지의 물성 개선에도 효과가 있었으며, 주사전자현미경 관찰을 통하여 이러한 효과가 백색부후균의 생물고해 작용, 즉 펄프 섬유의 미세섬유화 및 다공질화에 기인한 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로써 향후 kraft 증해 약액 및 제지공정상의 고해 동력에너지의 소비를 절감할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.277-286
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• 2007

전 세계적으로 물 부족 문제를 해결하기 위한 한 가지 대안으로서 해수 담수화 기술이 높은 관심을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해수 담수화를 위한 고효율 저에너지 소모 공정으로 떠오르고 있는 역삼투막의 제조를 위해 cellulose triacetate(CTA)의 적용 가능성을 살피고자 하였다. 염소에 대한 안정성과 유기물에 대한 저항성을 가지는 CTA를 사용하여 막을 제조할 시 아세틸화도, 용매, 첨가제와 같은 제막 조성의 변화가 막의 성능에 미치는 것으로 나타난다. 높은 아세틸화도와 CTA의 용매인 다이옥산과 아세톤의 비에서 다이옥산의 함량이 높을수록 높은 유량과 염 제거율을 가지는 막의 제조가 가능하다. 첨가제로는 acetic acid와 maleic acid가 선호된다. 실제 해수 담수화 플랜트에 상용화된 CTA 막($HOLLOSEP^{(R)}$)을 적용해 본 결과 다른 화학적 처리 없이 계속적인 염소 처리만으로 장기간 안정된 유량과 수질을 나타낸다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2005

We examined the variation in survival and the respiration and filtration rates of Tresus keenae in response to changes in water temperature and salinity. The survivorship of animals exposed to temperatures below $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days was $80\%$; however, all test animals died on the fourth day at $28^{\circ}C$. The upper lethal temperature over 7 days was $25.9^{\circ}C$. After exposure to lower temperatures, $93\%$ ofthe animals survived at temperatures over $5^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. Survivorship rapidly decreased below $4^{\circ}C$ with all test animals dying at $2^{\circ}C$ on the eighth day. The $LT_{50}$ over 10 days was $4.8^{\circ}C$. The respiration and filtration rates of T. keenae increased as temperature increased. It is believed that energy consumption increases as a result of the increased respiration rate at temperatures above the upper lethal temperature. At temperatures below the lower lethal temperature, the metabolic rate of T. keenae was substantially lowered. In response to changes in salinity, the survivorship of T. keenae was $90\%$ at 30.2 psu after exposure for 5 days; at below 26.8 psu, all test animals died by the fifth day. The $LS_{50}$ was 29.1 psu. As salinity decreased, both the respiration rate and the filtration rate decreased. At 23.5 psu, the respiration and filtration rates decreased by 48 and $34\%$, respectively. These data have implications for increasing efficiency in the production and management of shellfish aquaculture farms.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.284-294
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• 2008

In this paper, we describe an implementation of small mobile robot that can be used at research and application of mobile sensor networking. This robot that will constitute the sensor network, as a platform of multi-robot system for each to be used as sensor node, has to satisfy restrictions in many aspects in order to perform sensing, communication protocol, and application algorithms. First, the platform must be designed with a robust structure and low power consumption since its maintenance after deployment is difficult. Second, it must have flexibility and modularity to be used effectively in any structure so that it can be used in various applications. Third, it must support the technique of wireless network for ubiquitous computing environment. At last, to let many nodes be scattered, it must be cost-effective and small. Considering the above restrictions of the mobile platform for sensor network, we designed and implemented robots control the current of actuator by using additional circuit for power efficiency. And we chose MSP430 as MCU, CC2420 as RF transceiver, and etc, that have the strength in the aspect of power. For flexibility and modularity, the platform has expansion ports. The results of experiments are described to show that this robot can act as sensor node by RF communication process with Zigbee standard protocol, execute the navigation process with simple obstacle avoidance and the moving action with RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator), operate at low-power, and be made with approx. $100.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.520-524
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• 2005

It is consequential to reduce the environmental impact of a product for sustainable development in 21st Century. In the field of transportation, especially, the technological market concerned about reduction and assessment of greenhouse gas emission is expected to be extended. The LCA gas been esteemed and utilized as a realistic alternative greenhouse gas emission is expected to be extended. The LCA has been esteemed and utilized as a realistic alternative to improve the environment by the assessment of environmental impacts. In this study, simplified life cycle assessment(S-LCA), was performed to analyze the environmental impacts quantitatively, which were produced through the life cycle of a electric motor unit(EMU). The object of the present work is rth investigate main parameters of environmental impacts and to establish the plans to improve the environment impact of EMU. As a result of quantitative assessment for environmental impact and manufacturing, the EMU carbody made of SUS showed acidification(AD) and marine water aquatic ecotoxicity(MAET) the most, while that made of Mild showed high impact of global warning(GW) and abiotic resources depletion(ARD). For the SUS EMU, the high AD and MAET impact is occurred by the discharged pollutants during acid-washing process. Also, high value of GW and ARD for Mild EMU is resulted from the consumption of iron ore, coal and crude oil during manufacturing. Therefore, the environment impact of carbody would be decreased by enhancing of energy efficiency and the lightening the weight of it.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2014

Engine oil is an oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. The main function is to reduce wear on moving parts; it also cleans, inhibits corrosion, improves sealing, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts. In engines, there are parts which move against each other. Otherwise, the friction wastes the useful power by converting the kinetic energy to heat. Those parts were worn away, which could lead to lower efficiency and degradation of the engine. It increases fuel consumption, decreases power output, and can induce the engine failure. This study was conducted to evaluate the relation between engine oil property changes and engine performance for the diesel engine. This test was performed by using 12L, 6 cylinder, heavy duty engines. Low SAPS 10W30 engine oil (two type engine oils) was used. Test procedure and method was in accordance with the modified CEC L-57-T97 (OM441LA) method. In this study, TAN, TBN, KV and metal components, engine power, blowby gas, A_F were presented to evaluate the relation with engine oil property changes and engine performance. TAN, TBN, KV and metal We found that the components were generally increased but engine performance did not change. This results mean that property changes did not affect on engine performance because those were not enough to affect engine performance.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2010

최근 저전력 소모와 얇은 두께, 무수은, 다양한 색표현력, 빠른 응답 속도 등의 다양한 장점을 가진 LED(Light Emitting Diode)를 광원으로 이용하는 LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) TV가 큰 주목을 받고 있다. 이러한 LCD TV의 화면을 균등한 휘도로 표현하기 위해 기존의 구동회로는 다 채널의 LED를 정전류로 제어하는 DC/DC 컨버터가 각각 적용되었고, 이는 원가 상승 및 효율 저하의 원인이 되었다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 각 LED 채널에 적용되는 DC/DC 컨버터 없이 트랜스포머를 이용하여 모든 LED 채널의 정전류 제어가 가능한 고효율 저가격형 구동회로를 제안하고, 이에 대한 이론적 해석을 제시한다. 최종적으로 제안 회로를 46" LCD TV 백라이트에 적용하여 그 실험 결과를 바탕으로 제안 회로의 타당성을 검증한다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

With aggravation of environmental contamination and energy resource exhaustion, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) that can be economically operated with low fuel consumption are receiving greater attention. For performance improvement of such HEV, the development of efficient transmission can be seen as one of core technologies such as performance of components and driving strategy. Dual clutch transmission (DCT) is actively studied as a transmission type for HEV due to its advantages of having excellent power transmission efficiency based on manual transmission characteristic, resolving the problem of power interruption, and realizing driving convenience of automatic transmission (AT). In this paper, one diesel HEV equipped with 6-Speed DCT, modelled using MATLAB/Simulink, and a performance simulator developed for this vehicle are introduced. Driving simulation with driving cycles such as FTP75 and NYCC was performed using the developed performance simulator, and the simulated results regarding state of charge and fuel economy, when AT and DCT are applied to this diesel hybrid vehicle respectively, are compared. This performance simulator can be utilized to develop a control algorithm for improving the fuel economy of HEV with DCT.