• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2009

This paper presents a voltage and frequency controller (VFC) for a 4-wire stand-alone wind energy conversion system (WECS) employing an asynchronous generator. The proposed VF con-troller consists of a three leg IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Junction Transistor) based voltage source converter and a battery at its DC bus. The neutral terminal for the consumer loads is created using a T-connected transformer, which consists of only two single phase transformers. The control algorithm of the VF controller is developed for the bidirectional flow capability of the active power and reactive power control by which it controls the WECS voltage and frequency under different dynamic conditions, such as varying consumer loads and varying wind speeds. The WECS is modeled and simulated in MATLAB using Simulink and PSB toolboxes. Extensive results are presented to demonstrate the capability of the VF controller as a harmonic eliminator, a load balancer, a neutral current compensator as well as a voltage and frequency controller.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.269-283
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• 2021

The government policies and initiatives to guarantee sustainable energy and clean environmental conditions contributed to the introduction of green technology electricity appliances in the market. This study sought to determine the physiological and socio-economics-demographic factors driving residential electricity consumers to use green technology electricity appliances, mainly solar PV, smart meter, electric vehicle, and battery storage technology. By understanding consumer intention, the investors of solar PV, battery storage, electric vehicle, and smart meter can estimate the demand and upscale the market for the corresponding products. For that purpose, the intention to use the solar PV, smart meter, electric vehicle, and battery storage function is developed by utilizing the combination of the theory of planned behavior, technology acceptance, and reasoning action. A reliable and valid structured online questionnaire and stepwise multiple regression are used to identify the possible factors that drive consumer behavior intention. The results show that the social influence, knowledge on RE, and perceived price significantly influence residential consumers' willingness to adopt the technologies offered. The findings of this study suggest that the involvement of NGOs, public figures, and citizens' cooperation are all necessary to spread information about the government's objectives and support Malaysia's present energy and environmental policies.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.161-172
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• 2014

Hydrogen, which can be produced from abundant and widely distributed renewable energy resources, seems to be a promising candidate for solving the concerns for improving energy security, urban air pollution, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The two primary motivating factors for hydrogen economy are fossil fuel supply limitations and concerns about global warming. But the safety issues associated with hydrogen economy need to be investigated and fully understood before being considered as a future energy source. Limited operating experience with hydrogen energy systems in consumer environments is recognised as a significant barrier to the implementation of hydrogen economy. To prevent unnecessary restrictions on emerging codes, standards and local regulations, safety policies based on real hazards should be developed. This article studies briefly the direct impact-distances from hazard events such as hydrogen release and jet fire, and damage levels from hydrogen gas explosion in a confined space. Based on the direct impact-distances indicated in the accident scenarios and consumer environments in Korea, the safety policies, which are related to hydrogen filling station, hydrogen fuel cell car, portable fuel cell, domestic fuel cells, and hydrogen town, are suggested to implement hydrogen economy. To apply the safety policies and overcome the disadvantages of prescriptive risk management, which is setting guidance in great detail to management well known risk but is not covering unidentified risk, hybrid risk management model is also proposed.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.173-190
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• 2009

신재생에너지를 사용한 전력생산은 오염물질을 배출하지 않는 환경친화적 발전방식이지만 기술개발이 늦어 생산비용이 높은 이유로 시장경쟁력이 떨어진다. 따라서 생산비보전이 필요하며, 이를 위한 재원은 대부분 전기요금의 일괄인상을 통해 소비자가 공동으로 부담한다. 하지만 선진국에서 시행되고 있는 녹색가격제도는 소비자의 자발성에 기초한 재원조달방식이며, 본 연구에서는 이 제도의 도입을 위한 기초연구로 소비자의 지불의사를 '공공재의 사적 공급' 모형을 통해 추정하였다. 설문조사의 분석 결과, 재원조달방식 중 전기요금의 일괄인상을 통한 강제적 방식보다는 자발적 방식인 녹색가격제도를 훨씬 더 선호하였고, 소비자 특성변수 중에서는 환경활동 수준이 모든 재원조달방법 및 분석방식에서 통계적으로 유의하였으며, 신재생에너지에 대한 지식 및 성별은 일괄인상의 경우 통계적으로도 유의하였다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.408-417
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• 2022

Although traditionally perceived as being a visualization and asset management resource, the relatively rapid rate of improvement of computing power, coupled with the proliferation of cloud and edge computing and the IoT has seen the expanded functionality of modern Digital Twins (DTs). These technologies, when applied to buildings, are now providing users with the ability to analyse and predict their energy consumption, implement building controls and identify faults quickly and efficiently, while preserving acceptable comfort and well-being levels. Furthermore, when these building DTs are linked together to form a community DT, entirely new and novel energy management techniques, such as demand side management, demand response, flexibility and local energy markets can be unlocked and analysed in detail, creating circularity in the economy and making ordinary building occupants active participants in the energy market. Through the EU Horizon 2020 funded TwinERGY project, three different levels of DT (consumer - building - community) are being created to support the creation of local energy markets while optimising building performance for real-time occupant preferences and requirements for their building and community. The aim of this research work is to demonstrate the development of this new, interrelated, multi-level DT that can be used as a decision-making tool, helping to determine optimal scenarios simultaneously at consumer, building and community level, while enhancing and successfully supporting the community's management plan implementation.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2010

This study tried to develop the theoretical backgrounds, explaining consumers energy consumption behavior and analyzed its effects. In other words, this study investigated the factors influencing the amount of electronic energy consumption. In this study, we used 678 questionnaires which were selected a quota sampling by living area who were above 20 years old and married. Summary of results of this study follows. First, attitude for energy saving was positively related with female, high school graduated large size of family members, elderly, and middle-class consumers. In addition, consumers' search for energy saving were appeared passively in young consumers under 30 years old, and the family with the highest household income. Consumers' purchasing energy-efficient products was presented in large size of family members, and young consumers. Second, consumers' environmental oriented behavior, action-directed behavior, healthseeking behavior were significantly related with energy saving behavior, and active information search for energy saving, but not with purchasing energy-efficient products and consuming behavior of electrical energy. Third, the quantity of electric energy consumption was affected by the size of family members, the living size of house related with high energy demand, the attitude for energy saving, and searching information for energy-saving.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.141-160
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• 2009

Recently, some policies for reducing standby power, which has quite an effect on electricity consumption, have been employed all over the world. This study surveys the present condition of standby power for major electric home appliances during three years and analyzes the result of technical development reducing standby power. It presents how the industry paid attention to applying the technique of reducing standby power to electric appliances and how it affects the product's energy efficiency. We survey the standby power's change for six items, which were selected from the major electric appliances available on the market. It analyzes the difference of standby power consumption between appliances with a standby power reducing technique and those without during the latest three years. The amount of the average standby power is also compared. The comparison data confirms that the industry's effort and application of reducing standby power contribution has contributed to increasing an appliance's energy efficiency. This study restricted the analyzed items to six appliances, which has been a low volunteered involvement in the standby power reducing program. It is important for reducing standby power consumption of appliances because it contributes to saving electric energy at home and abroad. The development of the standby power reducing technique is needed for more appliances. Along with the development of the standby power reducing technique in the industrial field, it also necessary for consumers to enlarge their understanding of standby power reduction for economic, social, and environmental values.

• 에너지공학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.376-385
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• 2013

에너지부문의 가격인상이 물가에 미치는 영향에 대해 정부, 공급자, 수용가 사이에 논란이 존재한다. 공급자는 만성적자 해소와 경영의 계속성을 근거로 에너지요금 인상을 추진하지만 이에대해 한편에서는 물가상승 우려로 인한 반대의 목소리도 있다. 이러한 배경하에서 본 논문은 주요 에너지원별 가격변동의 물가파급효과를 정량적으로 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 2011년 산업연관표에 근거한 투입산출 분석을 적용하여 석탄, 나프타, 휘발유, 등유, 경유, 중유, LPG, 전력, 도시가스, 증기 및 온수공급업 총 10개 에너지원별 물가파급효과를 분석한다. 물가파급효과분석을 위해 레온티에프 가격모형을 적용하였고 분석결과 에너지원별로 요금을 10% 인상할 경우, 전력부문이 0.2196%로 10개 에너지원 중 물가파급효과가 가장 높게 나타났다. 반면 등유는 0.0122%로 10개 에너지원 중 가장 낮은 물가파급효과를 보였다. 가장 낮은 물가파급효과를 보이는 등유에 비해 가장 높은 물가파급효과를 보였던 전력부문은 약 18배의 물가파급효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 더 나아가 10개의 에너지원별 물가파급효과에 대해 최근 3년의 결과를 비교하였고, 각각의 에너지원별로 가격을 조정하여 국민경제 전체로는 물가중립을 유지하는 자료로 제시하였다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.505-511
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• 1999

One of the major challenges confronting a multiservice electric utility is the establishment of the right prices, for its services. The key objectives of particular pricing schemes are reasonableness of company earnings. Economic efficiency, the responsiveness of supply and of the allocation of sources to the desires of consumers, and maintenance of some degree of competition. This paper proposes a value-based pricing mechanism amenable to the current deregulation situation in electricity market allowing service differentiation. The proposed pricing mechanism can be implemented ina nodal auction model, and can also be applied to direct load control.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2020

기존의 에너지는 특정한 회사가 생산하여 소비자들에게 판매하는 시스템이었지만, 가까운 미래에는 생산자가 소비자가 되고, 소비자가 생산자가 되는 방식으로 변화될 것으로 예상한다. 최근 클라우드 시스템, 5G 네트워크 구축, 그리고 태양 에너지를 비롯한 에너지 재사용의 등장이 에너지 시장의 형태를 변화시키고 있다. 에너지를 공유하기 위해서는 다양한 에이전트 시스템, 에너지 네트워크, 그리고 시장을 형성하는 구조가 있다. 본 연구에서는 위의 3가지를 정의하고, 안전하고 공정한 에너지 시장을 위한 블록체인을 적용하여 안전한 에너지 트레이드 모델 (Secure Energy Model, SEM)을 이용한 전략을 제안하였다. 분석적 결과로 에너지 트레이드에 참여한 에너지 생산자와 소비자들 간의 신뢰성이 형성됨을 보여주었다.