• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.486-490
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• 2014

In our country, which imports 97% of the energy consumed, an energy saving policy is required. The price inflation of utility bills is caused by a steep rise in the prices of imported oil. This study aims to solve the difficulties that cause poor environmental conditions for workers in the energy services sector, and especially, to systematize energy consumption reports to manage energy goals by suggesting an example of written energy-saving reports. To this end, this research focuses on energy consumption of target facilities including office spaces in a main building and multi-use facilities of an office building. A system where all employees can participate is structured through the analysis of energy usage in the target buildings.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.11-16
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• 2016

Purpose: International efforts to save Earth's environment against global warming and environmental pollution have been made in many countries. Energy consumption of buildings has been continuously increasing, and it has been over 40% of total energy consumption in the world. Energy consumption of buildings in Korea reaches 24% of total energy consumption. So, Korea government has executed building energy rating systems to control energy consumption of buildings. Method: This study was carried out to evaluate the energy performance of apartment unit plans according to converting balconies into living areas. For the study, six types of input models were made. Two input models(SP1 and SP 2) were the standard units that balcony areas were not converted into living areas, and four ones(EP 1, EP 2, EP 3 and EP 4) were the extended unit plans that balcony areas were turned into living areas. All of them were simulated with ECO2 software to assess building energy efficiency. Result: According to the results, the energy performance of the EP 2 and EP 4 models were 21. 8% higher than SP 1 model and 9.2% higher than SP 2 model.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

The most crucial point of reducing building energy is application of high performance envelope. The amount of heat exchange through window is highest in comparison of other envelopes so that heat exchange through window influence directly with building energy consumption. The window energy performance can be define with thermal, leakage and optical performance. In previous study we can confirmed that not only thermal performance but also optical performance are considered, 11% to 15% of building energy consumption can be reduced. Smart window system has potential of energy saving so that many industry field use smart window system including architectural area and these aspect causes smart window market continuous growth year by year. In this study, building energy consumption has been analyzed which consist of smart window that dynamically control optical states. The consideration of standard commercial building model for research, the reference medium size commercial building model of DOE (Department Of Energy, USA) has been used. The building energy simulation result of 4 axis in 8 regions in Korea shows 8% to 22% reduction of building energy consumption by application of smart window system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.280-281
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• 2014

Recently, it is certain that the increase of heating and cooling energy consumption by radical change in climate condition has caused serious problems related to environmental and energy concerns associated with increase of fossil fuel usage and carbon dioxide production as well as global warming. Therefore, various actions to reduce greenhouse gas and energy consumption have been prepared by world developed countries. The energy consumption by buildings approximately reaches 25% of total korea energy consumption. The greatest part in the buildings of the energy consumption is building facade. But a few research projects on concrete comprising more than 70% of outsider of buildings has been tried. This research is structural insulation concrete what improved insulation performance using micro form admixture and calcined diatomite powder and lightweight aggregate.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.4724-4747
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• 2016

To efficiently reduce on-grid energy consumption, the admission control algorithm in the hybrid energy powered cellular network (HybE-Net) with base stations (BSs) powered by on-grid energy and solar energy is studied. In HybE-Net, the fluctuation of solar energy harvesting and energy consumption may result in the imbalance of solar energy utilization among BSs, i.e., some BSs may be surplus in solar energy, while others may maintain operation with on-grid energy supply. Obviously, it makes solar energy not completely useable, and on-grid energy cannot be reduced at capacity. Thus, how to control user admission to improve solar energy utilization and to reduce on-grid energy consumption is a great challenge. Motivated by this, we first model the energy flow behavior by using stochastic queue model, and dynamic energy characteristics are analyzed mathematically. Then, fuzzy logic based admission control algorithm is proposed, which comprehensively considers admission judgment parameters, e.g., transmission rate, bandwidth, energy state of BSs. Moreover, the index of solar energy utilization balancing is proposed to improve the balance of energy utilization among different BSs in the proposed algorithm. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs excellently in improving solar energy utilization and reducing on-grid energy consumption of the HybE-Net.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.29-40
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• 2019

In response to the rapid climate change, in order to save energy in the field of buildings, the country is planning not only zero energy buildings but also zero energy cities. In the Urban Development Project, the Energy Use Plan Report is prepared and submitted by predicting the amount of energy demand at the planning stage. However, due to the activation of zero-energy buildings and the increase in the supply of new and renewable energy facilities, the energy consumption behavior of buildings in the city is changing from the previous ones. In this study, to estimate urban energy demand of Zero Energy City, building energy demand forecasts based on "Passive plans for use of energy based primary energy consumption", "Actual building energy usage data from Korea Appraisal Board" and "data from Certification of Building Energy Efficiency Rating" as well as demand forecast according to existing "Consultation about Energy Use Plan Code" were calculated and then applied to Multifunctional Administrative City 5-1 zone to compare urban total energy demand forecasts.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.13-20
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• 2013

Today, the world energy consumption in buildings occupies more than 30%. In our country, the energy consumption in buildings also occupies 25% of the entire national energy consumption. With the increasing demand of energy saving in architectural fields, there is a more interest in low-energy construction. For these low-energy housings, our country is planning to apply the energy-saving design standards at the level of passive houses in 2017. However, there is still a limitation in energy saving only with the standards on the performance of envelope in buildings. This means that unless a building is airtight even though it was well-insulated, cooling and heating energy consumption will increase due to the infiltration and leakage. Therefore, this study aims to make a comparative analysis of airtight performance by conducting a blower door test on the housings applied with passive designs, analyze the reasons why most houses fall short of the airtightness standards, and complement the airtightness problems in the inadequate parts of the buildings in order to save building energy.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.261-279
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• 2016

Trends of food and energy consumptions in South Korea, North Korea, and the Korean Peninsula were shown and consumptions of food and energy for the integrated Korean Peninsula with several Cases were predicted, and the directions for the environmental resources management were suggested in this study. The Food Supply Quantity, the Protein Supply Quantity, and the Food Supply of North Korea were less than those of South Korea, the Eastern Asia, and World after 1990s. However, it is expected that the food consumption in North Korea will increase, if two Koreas are integrated. If the Food Supply Quantity of North Korea is the same as that of South Korea with the maximum projected population of integrated two Koreas by 2055, the food consumption in the Korean Peninsula would increase by 25% compared with the 2011 food consumption of integrated two Koreas. Thus, the choice of diet should be carefully considered and the increase of agricultural productivity is required. Energy consumption in North Korea is very small comparing to that of South Korea and fraction of coal in energy usage of North Korea is very high. If the energy consumption per capita of North Korea after integration be the same as that of South Korea in 2011, the energy consumption in the Korean Peninsula would increase by 45% compared with the 2011 energy consumption of integrated two Koreas. To minimize the environmental effects caused by energy consumption, the energy plan with the reduced fraction of coal in energy supply of North Korea should be adopted and advanced technology with higher efficiency should be applied to establish or expand the energy facility in North Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.218-225
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting energy drinks consumption among adolescents in South Korea. Methods: The study is a secondary analysis. Using statistics from the 11th (2015) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, any variations among the subjects were presented as percentages and analyzed by $x^2$ test and logistic regression analysis. The study sample comprised 68,043 middle and high school students in South Korea. Results: In Model 1 including general characteristics, the significant factors of energy drinks consumption were gender, weekly allowance, cohabitation with family. and economic status. In the final model where health-related characteristics were added, the significant factors were gender, school type, weekly allowance, cohabitation with family, stress level, sadness, drinking, smoking and walking days. Conclusion: The result suggests that intensified education on energy drinks consumption is needed not only at schools, but in the whole community. Also, adolescents' awareness of potential health effects of energy drinks, in particular when mixed in alcoholic beverages, should be increased through health education.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.25-31
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• 1985

Mechanical energy consumption during human running was studied. The subject was modeled by an eleven segment planar open linkage system and analyzed by Newtonian equations of motion from film data with a sampling rate of 50 Hz. The motion data from films were smoothed by lower 7 harmonics before analysis. And this study was tried for a normal male subject running on a concrete floor. The mechanical energy consumption was evaluated from the five different criteria suggested by others and a joint energy consumption criterion newly devised based on the muscle contraction.