• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.271-281
• /
• 1999

The cost of production of high quality pork is compensated by high returns, but constraints by the market are increasing. A few opportunities to maintain and improve pork quality by dietary means are presented. The healthy value of pork is a prerequisite. A careful control of suppliers and preservation of feeds are essential to protect pork against presence of contaminants from the feed. The feeding level and some dietary components modify the partition of the dietary energy into different pig tissues and chemical components of pork, affecting the hygienic and nutritional value, tenderness and taste. It is difficult to transfer a nutrient from the diet to pork, if the requirements. for growth are satisfied. Fatty acids and Vitamin E are the most studied exceptions. There is some evidence that iron and selenium contents can be affected too. Varying the content of a nutrient frequently changes sensorial and technological properties of pork. The addition of oils improves the acidic profile of depot fats, but the effect on phospholipid composition is not well studied and negative effects on oxidability and consistency of meat products are observed. Vitamin E can improve many healthy and sensorial characteristics, but its effect is clearer when the meat is stressed or manipulated.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.258-268
• /
• 2004

We demonstrate rotationally invariant space-time (ST) trellis codes with a 4-D rectangular signal constellation for data transmission over fading channels using two transmit antennas. The rotational invariance is a good property to have that may alleviate the task of the carrier phase tracking circuit in the receiver. The transmitted data stream is segmented into eight bit blocks and quadrature amplitude modulated using a 256 point 4-D signal constellation whose 2-D constituent constellation is a 16 point square constellation doubly partitioned. The 4-D signal constellation is simply the Cartesian product of the 2-D signal constellation with it-self and has 32 subsets. The partition is performed on one side into four subsets A, B, C, and D with increased minimum-squared Euclidian distance, and on the other side into four rings, where each ring includes four points of equal energy. We propose both linear and nonlinear ST trellis codes and perform simulations using an appropriate multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model. The 4-D ST codes constructed here demonstrate about the same frame error rate (FER) performance as their 2-D counterparts, having however the added value of rotational invariance.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2017

The qualitative composition of active components of the corrosion inhibitor CGW-85567 was studied. It was found that С18:2 and С18:1 imidazolines and the corresponding imidazolin-amides are the major components. The HPLC/MS technique was developed for their determination in the water solutions of monoethylene glycol (MEG). Industrial application of the inhibitor showed that MEG solution retained high concentration of the inhibitor for a long time after ceasing its addition into pipelines. Low values of the partition coefficients (0.010-0.014) of imidazolines in the system "water solution of MEG (concentration of MEG 62-85% v/v) - gas condensate" have allowed to pass on from the technology of continuous pumping of the inhibitor into protected pipelines to the periodic dosing technology. Taking into account a long time of circulation in the system and high temperatures during MEG regeneration process possible degradation products of the inhibitor were studied. N, N-dimethyl-dodecanamine-1, and N, N-dimethyl-tetradecanamine-1 were identified as major degradation products of the corrosion inhibitor CGW-85567.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 1966

In formulating the Transient State Theory of Significant Liquid Structure it is assumed that there exist holes of molecular size in liquids and that the liquid state is partitioned in three states, namely, solid-like state, representing the molecules apart from holes; gas-like state, representing the molecules jumping into the holes; and the transient state, representing the molecules in a possible state of jumping into the holes by aquiring the strain energy due to the holes. It is found that the partition function derived according to the proposed theory can be applied to the liquids of argon, nitrogen, benzene, chloroform, and carbon disulfide with good accuracy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.104-108
• /
• 1984

The self-diffusion experiment of THO was performed across a series of copolymer hydrogel membranes at different temperatures. Copolymer hydrogel membranes were prepared by copolymerizing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 2-aminoethyl methacrylate (AEMA) in the presence of the solvent and the crosslinker, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). By changing the crosslinker content and the ratio of HEMA and AEMA monomer, two series of copolymer hydrogel membranes were synthesized. The tagging material was THO and efflux of THO was counted on a Liquid Sc-intillation Counter. The experimental data show that the permeability decreases as the amount of EGDMA and the mole fraction of HEMA increase, and the permeability is proportional to the temperature. The partition coefficient shows a parallel trend with permeability. Using the relationship between viscosity and diffusivity, the viscosity of water within the membrane was obtained. According to the result, the viscosity of watler within the membrane has the same value with those of supercooling water. And we obtained the activation energy of THO for transport in the membrane by using Arrhenius plotting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2017

The two-fluid equations are widely used to simulate two-phase flows in a nuclear reactor. For the two-fluid momentum equation, the wall and interfacial drag terms play an important role in predicting a two-phase flow behavior. Since the bubble density is much smaller than the water density, the bubble accelerates faster than the liquid in a nozzle. As a result, the bubble phase becomes faster than the liquid phase in the nozzle. In contrast, the opposite phenomena occur in the diffuser. The purpose of our study is to experimentally show these behaviors in an area-varying channel such as nozzle and diffuser. Experiments were made of turbulent bubbly flows in an area-varying horizontal channel. The velocities of the bubble and liquid phases were measured by the PIV technique. It was shown that the two-phase velocities were no longer close to each other in the area-varying regions. The bubble was faster than the liquid in the nozzle; in contrast, the bubble was slower than the liquid in the diffuser. Code simulations were also performed using the MARS code. By replacing the original wall drag model in the MARS code with Kim (1)'s wall drag partition model, we obtained the simulation results being consistent with experimental observations.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2022

With the recent development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the convergence of vehicles and IT technologies, high-performance applications such as autonomous driving are emerging, and multi-access edge computing (MEC) has attracted lots of attentions as next-generation technologies. In order to provide service to these computation-intensive tasks in low latency, many methods have been proposed to partition tasks so that they can be performed through cooperation of multiple MEC servers(MECSs). Conventional methods related to task partitioning have proposed methods for partitioning tasks on vehicles as mobile devices and offloading them to multiple MECSs, and methods for offloading them from vehicles to MECSs and then partitioning and migrating them to other MECSs. In this paper, the performance of task partitioning methods using offloading and migration is compared and analyzed in terms of service delay, blocking rate and energy consumption according to the method of selecting partitioning targets and the number of partitioning. As the number of partitioning increases, the performance of the service delay improves, but the performance of the blocking rate and energy consumption decreases.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 2021

The present study investigates the bioleaching efficiencies of arsenic via contact and non-contact mechanisms. The attachment of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was restricted by a partition system comprising a semi-permeable membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 12-14 kDa. The results were compared for two arsenic concentrations in the system (1.0% and 0.5% w/v) to maintain a homogeneous system. The overall bacterial performance was monitored by comparing total arsenic and iron concentrations, Fe ion speciation, pH, and solution redox potentials in flask bioleaching experiments over a period of 10 d. Our results indicated that bacterial attachment could increase arsenic extraction efficiency from 20.0% to 44.9% at 1.0 % solid concentrations. These findings suggest that the bacterial contact mechanism greatly influences arsenic bioleaching from mine tailings. Therefore, systems involving two-step or non-contact bioleaching are less effective than those involving one-step or contact bioleaching for the efficient extraction of arsenic from mine tailings.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.54 no.9
• /
• pp.681-692
• /
• 2021

Vegetation processes have a significant impact on rainfall runoff processes through evapotranspiration control, but are rarely considered in the conceptual lumped hydrological model. This study evaluated the model performance of the Hapcheon Dam watershed by integrating the ecological module expressing the leaf area index data sensed remotely from the satellite into the hydrological partition module. The proposed eco-hydrological model has three main features to better represent the eco-hydrological process in humid regions. 1) The growth rate of vegetation is constrained by water shortage stress in the watershed. 2) The maximum growth of vegetation is limited by the energy of the watershed climate. 3) The interaction of vegetation and aquifers is reflected. The proposed model simultaneously simulates hydrologic components and vegetation dynamics of watershed scale. The following findings were found from the validation results using the model parameters estimated by the SCEM algorithm. 1) Estimating the parameters of the eco-hydrological model using the leaf area index and streamflow data can predict the streamflow with similar accuracy and robustness to the hydrological model without the ecological module. 2) Using the remotely sensed leaf area index without filtering as input data is not helpful in estimating streamflow. 3) The integrated eco-hydrological model can provide an excellent estimate of the seasonal variability of the leaf area index.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.281-285
• /
• 2008

Wireless sensor networks are closely related with the geometric environment in which they are deployed. We consider the probable case when a routing protocol runs on an environment with many complex obstacles like downtown surroundings. In addition, there are no unrealistic assumptions in order to increase practicality of the protocol. Our goal is to find a routing protocol for maximizing network lifetime by using only connectivity information in the complex sensor network environment. We propose a topology-based routing algorithm that accomplishes good performance in terms of network lifetime and routing complexity as measures. Our routing algorithm makes routing decision based on a weighted graph as topological abstraction of the complex network. The graph conduces to lifetime enhancement by giving alternative paths, distributing the skewed burden. An energy estimation method is used so as to maintain routing information without any additional cost. We show how our approach can be used to maximize network lifetime and by extensive simulation we prove that out approach gives good results in terms of both measures-network lifetime and routing complexity.