• 대한화학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.117-127
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• 1982

에탄의 회전 장벽에 미치는 두개의 탄소 원자의 영향을 알아보기 위해 6개의 수소만으로 이루어진 탄소가 없는 에탄올 모델로 택하여 이 모델 분자의 Staggered 및 eclipsed꼴의 에너지를 McWeeny의 open-shell RHF-SCF방법으로 계산하고,staggred에서 eclipsed로 꼴이 변할때의 천이밀도를 조사 하였다. 예상대로 모델 분자에서는 ecliped꼴이 staggered꼴보다 안정하였다. 이 탄소없는 에탄의 천이 밀도와 실제 에탄의 천이 밀도를 비교 분석하여, 에탄의 회전 장벽은 중심축 위치에 있는 두개의 탄소 원자로 인해 staggered에서 eclipsed꼴로 변함에 따라 수소 원자 주위의 전자 밀도가 희석되고, 탄소 원자 주위와 탄소-탄소 결합 공간으로 끌리므로 해서, 전자 에너지 감소가 핵간 반발 에너지의 증가를 상쇄하지 못하는데 기인한다는 것을 알게 되었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2016

A micromodel was applied to estimate the effects of geological conditions and injection methods on displacement of resident porewater by injecting scCO₂ in the pore scale. Binary images from image analysis were used to distinguish scCO₂-filled-pores from other pore structure. CO₂ flooding followed by porewater displacement, fingering migration, preferential flow and bypassing were observed during scCO₂ injection experiments. Effects of pressure, temperature, salinity, flow rate, and injection methods on storage efficiency in micromodels were represented and examined in terms of areal displacement efficiency. The measurements revealed that the areal displacement efficiency at equilibrium decreases as the salinity increases, whereas it increases as the pressure and temperature increases. It may result from that the overburden pressure and porewater salinity can affect the CO₂ solubility in water and the hydrophilicity of silica surfaces, while the neighboring temperature has a significant effect on viscosity of scCO₂. Increased flow rate could create more preferential flow paths and decrease the areal displacement efficiency. Compared to the continuous injection of scCO₂, the pulse-type injection reduced the probability for occurrence of fingering, subsequently preferential flow paths, and recorded higher areal displacement efficiency. More detailed explanation may need further studies based on closer experimental observations.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2014

This study conducted a research on burn-out printing convergence technology for cellulose blend knit fabrics. Printing technology, which forms color pattern on the fabric, can be generally classified into four according to printer or printing method, e.g. screen printing, roller printing, rotary printing, digital printing. However, these printing methods are flat in design or pattern, which have limitation to overcome monotonousness of fabric, so that recently burn-out process method, which expresses three-dimensional pattern effect by treating chemical on the surface of fabric as the method to appeal its esthetics to the customers. Particularly, in case of cellulose/polyester composite material, first, it is proceeded in 2 processes, by dyeing cellulose or polyester fabric and burning out cellulose fabric, in this process, due to pollution caused by disperse dye migration, color of polyester fabric part could be discolored, which has high falt risk. This research considered coloring burn-out technique, which simultaneously proceed dyeing and burn-out by reducing dyeing and burn-out process to 1 stage, which were proceeded in 2 stages previously. As the research result, it was confirmed that reasonable depth of roller was 0.04~0.06mm in roller printing process, heat treatment condition of burn-out far-infrared radiation was $185^{\circ}C{\times}30m/min$. Color fastness to washing was confirmed to be 4-5 grade, color fastness to rubbing, 3-4 grade, color fastness to light, 4 grade. Also, it was confirmed that energy reduction effect appeared 38.19%, in case of energy cost per yard compared to the existing production, also, 19.74%, in case of production cost.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.378-384
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• 2008

헬스케어 응용 서비스를 위한 센서 네트워크는 사람 또는 이동성을 가진 사물을 주요 센싱 대상으로 한다. 이러한 센싱 대상들의 이동에 따른 노드간 상호작용을 지원하기 위해서는 노드의 동적 기능변경, 동적 자기구성, 에너지 효율성을 고려하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 노드간 에이전트 전이를 통해 동적 기능 변경을 지원하는 Agilla 모델과 노드간 계층적 클러스터의 구성을 통한 동적 자기구성, 에너지 효율성을 보장하는 LEACH 프로토콜에 대해 분석 한다. 이 분석 결과를 기반으로 노드간 동적 기능변경을 지원하는 Mobility Agent Middleware를 설계하고, 기존 LEACH 프로토콜의 취약점인 노드 이동성을 보장하는 LEACH_Mobile 프로토콜을 제안한다. 또한 LRACH_Mobile 프로토콜을 지원하는 라우팅 모듈을 설계하고 Mobility Agent Middleware와의 연동을 위한 인터페이스를 설계하였다. 그리고 LEACH_Mobile 프로토콜의 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 이동 노드에 대한 데이터 전송 성공률의 명확한 성능 향상을 보여준다.

• 암석학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.283-298
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• 2016

천연기념물 제63호로 지정된 산굼부리 분화구은 기존 마르형 분화구로 인식되었지만, 새로운 정밀지질도 작성과 함께 야외에서의 지질학적 특징들이 산굼부리 분화구가 두 번에 걸친 화산활동으로 형성된 함몰분화구(pit crater)임을 지시한다. Stage 1 단계에서는 비현정질휘석현무암 I와 화산재와 래필리로 구성된 화성쇄설물 I가 동시에 형성되었고, stage 2 단계에서는 침상장석감람석현무암 형성 후 비현정질휘석현무암 II와 집괴암으로 구성된 화성쇄설물 II가 동시에 형성되었다. Stage 2의 침상장석감람석현무암을 Ar-Ar 연대측정 결과 산굼부리 함몰분화구는 7만3천 년 전에 형성되었다. 산굼부리 분화구는 함몰분화구(pit crater)임에도 불구하고 현재까지는 하부로 빠져나간 마그마의 방향을 알 수 없다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1067-1079
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• 2021

The coastal water is a space where salmon (Oncorhynchus keta), critical energy-conveying mediator, stay to adapt to different environments while traveling between ocean and river ecosystems for spawning and growth. The mid-eastern coast of Korea (MECW) is the southern limit of salmon distributed in the North Pacific Ocean. Understanding the distribution and migration characteristics of salmon in the MECW is important for the prediction of changes in the amount and distribution of salmon related to changes in the future marine environment. We analyzed the relationship between the salmon migratory timing ascending the Wangpi river and change in vertical seawater temperature and tidal elevation. Overall results highlight that (1) Salmon began to ascend the river when the sea surface water temperature (SST) decreased below 20℃; (2) The number of salmon ascending the river increased when the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers decreased, but decreased when the temperature difference was higher than 5℃; (3) The number of salmon ascending the river peaked, when the SST was 18℃-19℃ and sea levels rose at high tide. This study provide important insight into predicting changes in the ecosystem energy circulation through climate change at its southern distribution limit.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2022

Various steps in the electrode production process, such as slurry mixing, slurry coating, drying, and calendaring, directly affect the quality and, consequently, mechanical properties and electrochemical performance of electrodes. Herein, a new method of slurry coating is developed: Double-coated electrode. Contrary to single-coated electrode, the cathode is prepared by double coating, wherein each coat is of half the total loading mass of the single-coated electrode. Each coat is dried and calendared. It is found that the double-coated electrode possesses more uniform pore distribution and higher electrode density and allows lesser extent of particle segregation than the single-coated electrode. Consequently, the double-coated electrode exhibits higher adhesion strength (74.7 N m^-1) than the single-coated electrode (57.8 N m^-1). Moreover, the double-coated electrode exhibits lower electric resistance (0.152 Ω cm^-2) than the single-coated electrode (0.177 Ω cm^-2). Compared to the single-coated electrode, the double-coated electrode displays higher electrochemical performance by exhibiting better rate capability, especially at higher C rates, and higher long-term cycling performance. Despite its simplicity, the proposed method allows effective electrode preparation by facilitating high electrochemical performance and is applicable for the large-scale production of high-energy-density electrodes.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.613-624
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• 2022

A study of the evolution of overburden fractures under the solid-fluid coupling state was conducted based on the geological and mining characteristics of the coal seam depth, weak strata cementation, and high-intensity mining in the mining areas of West China. These mining characteristics are key to achieving water conservation during mining or establishing groundwater reservoirs in coal mines. Based on the engineering background of the Daliuta Coal Mine, a non-hydrophilic simulation material suitable for simulating the weakly cemented rock masses in this area was developed, and a physical simulation test was carried out using a water-sand gushing test system. The study explored the spatial distribution and dynamic evolution of the fractured zone in the mining overburden under the coupling of stress and seepage. The experimental results show that the mining overburden can be vertically divided into the overall migration zone, the fracture extension zone and the collapse zone; additionally, in the horizontal direction, the mining overburden can be divided into the primary fracture zone, periodic fracture zone, and stop-fracture zone. The scope of groundwater flow in the overburden gradually expands with the mining of coal seams. When a stable water inrush channel is formed, other areas no longer generate new channels, and the unstable water inrush channels gradually close. Finally, the primary fracture area becomes the main water inrush channel for coal mines. The numerical simulation results indicate that the overlying rock breaking above the middle of the mined-out area allows the formation of the water-conducting channel. The water body will flow into the fracture extension zone with the shortest path, resulting in the occurrence of water bursting accidents in the mining face. The experimental research results provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of water conservation mining or the establishment of groundwater reservoirs in western mining areas, and this theoretical basis has considerable application and promotion value.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권8호
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• pp.2802-2811
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• 2023

In a first-of-its-kind study, terrestrial radionuclide concentrations were measured in 35 topsoil samples from the outskirts of Dhaka using HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry to assess the radiological consequences of such a vast number of brick kilns on the plant workers, general as well as dwelling environment. The range of activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K is found at 19 ± 3.04 to 38 ± 4.94, 39 ± 5.85 to 57 ± 7.41, and (430 ± 51.60 to 570 ± 68.40) Bq/kg, respectively. ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K concentrations were higher than the global averages. Bottom ash deposition in lowlands, fly ash buildup in soils, and the fallout of micro-particles are all probable causes of the elevated radioactivity levels. ¹³⁷Cs was found in the sample, which indicates the migration of ¹³⁷Cs from nuclear accidents or nuclear fallout, or the contamination of feed coal. Although the effective dose received by the general public was below the recommended dose limit but, most estimates of hazard parameters surpass their respective population weighted global averages, indicating that brick kiln workers and nearby residents are not safe due to prolonged exposures to terrestrial radiation. In addition, the soil around sampling sites is found to be unsuitable for agricultural purposes.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.179-193
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• 2023

It is undeniable that urban greenspace is the soul of a city. Conventional urban greenspace such as parks, community gardens, playgrounds etc. located within a city reduce the negative effects of pollution, play a major role in the survival of the urban ecosystem, and promote healthy lifestyles. Today, 55% of the world's population lives in urban areas, which is expected to increase to 68% by 2050. Projections show that urbanization and the gradual migration to urban areas combined with the fast growth of the world's population, could add another 2.5 billion people to urban areas by 2050 and almost 90% of this increase will take place in Asia(UN, 2018). As a result, many plots in the cities are and will continue to be occupied with buildings to provide residential support to the increased population. This will dangerously decrease urban greenspaces. Moreover, worldwide, food crisis, energy crisis, and social crisis is posing a great threat to the existence of mankind. Additionally, the COVID - 19 has introduced a new lifestyle where from work culture to community configuration has drastically transformed. In this scenario, residential buildings will have to serve more than just providing privacy and shelter. As urban greenspaces are being occupied by concrete residential buildings, these buildings will have to compensate for the percentage of urban green they are destroying and the issues they are imposing in the process. The goal of this thesis is to design, architecturally define and, categorize comprehensive 'sustainable Greenspace'(S.G.S) for the multi-family housing scenario. These will be different than the conventional green (veranda, rooftop green) we commonly see in residential buildings. An old, dilapidated apartment building will be the target of remodeling to fulfill the purpose of this thesis.