• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.4-15
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• 2021

Recently, endoscopic screening systems have enabled the diagnosis of gastric cancer in the early stages. Early gastric cancer (EGC) is typically characterized by a shallow invasion depth and small size, which can hinder localization of EGC tumors during laparoscopic surgery. Here, we review nine recently reported tumor localization methods for the laparoscopic resection of EGCs. Preoperative dye or blood tattooing has the disadvantage of spreading. Preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction is not performed in real time during laparoscopic gastrectomy. Thus, they are considered to have a low accuracy. Intraoperative portable abdominal radiography and intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasonography methods can provide real-time feedback, but these methods require expertise, and it can be difficult to define the clips in some gastric regions. Despite a few limitations, intraoperative gastrofibroscopy provides real-time feedback with high accuracy. The detection system using an endoscopic magnetic marking clip, fluorescent clip, and radio-frequency identification detection system clip is considered highly accurate and provides real-time feedback; we expect a commercial version of this setup to be available in the near future. However, there is not yet an easy method for accurate real-time detection. We hope that improved devices will soon be developed and used in clinical settings.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2012

Four dogs (case 1; 2-year-old spayed female Schnauzer, case 2; 3-year-old spayed female Cocker Spaniel, case 3; 9-year-old castrated male Yorkshire Terrier, and case 4; 9-year-old intact female Shih-tzu) were referred to us with gastrointestinal signs such as diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia. Results of blood analysis revealed hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia in all dogs. Case 4 showed large circular mass which is connected with small intestine on abdominal ultrasonography and other 3 cases showed no remarkable findings on abdominal radiography and ultrasonography. We performed enterectomy in case 4 and gastrointestinal endoscopic examination with biopsy in other 3 patients. Finally, 4 patients diagnosed to protein losing enteropathy with 4 different etiologies.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2009

Objective : This study was done to evaluate the correlation between carpal tunnel pressure (CTP), electrodiagnostic and ultrasonographic findings in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods : CTP was measured during endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR) for CTS using Spiegelberg ICP monitoring device with parenchymal type catheter. Neurophysiologic severity and nerve cross sectional area were evaluated using nerve conductive study and ultrasonography (USG) before ECTR in all patients. Results : Tests were performed in a total of 48 wrists in 39 patients (9 cases bilateral). Maximum CTP was $56.7{\pm}19.3$ mmHg ($Mean{\pm}SD$) and $7.4{\pm}3.3$ mmHg before and after ECTR, respectively. No correlation was found between maximum CTP and either neurophysiologic severity or nerve cross sectional area, whereas we found a significant correlation between the latter two parameters. Conclusion : CTP was not correlated with neurophysiologic severity and nerve cross sectional area. Dynamic, rather than static, pressure in carpal tunnel might account for the basic pathophysiology of CTS better.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.802-811
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Covered self-expandable metallic stents (cSEMS) have become popular for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy with transmural stenting (EUS-HGS). We compared the time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO), complications, and reintervention rates between EUS-HGS using plastic stent (PS) and cSEMS in patients with unresectable malignancies at multicenter institutions in Japan. Methods: Patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction who underwent EUS-HGS between April 2015 and July 2020 at any of the six participating facilities were enrolled. Primary endpoint: TRBO; secondary endpoints: rate of complications other than recurrent biliary obstruction and technical success rate of reintervention were evaluated. Results: PS and cSEMS were used for EUS-HGS in 109 and 43 patients, respectively. The TRBO was significantly longer in the cSEMS group than in the PS group (646 vs. 202 days). Multivariate analysis identified two independent factors associated with a favorable TRBO: combined EUS-guided antegrade stenting with EUS-HGS and the use of cSEMS. No significant difference was observed in the rate of complications other than recurrent biliary obstruction between the two groups. The technical success rate of reintervention was 85.7% for PS and 100% for cSEMS (p=0.309). Conclusions: cSEMS might be a better option for EUS-HGS in patients with unresectable malignancies, given the longer TRBO.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2011

The persistence of jaundice beyond the first 2 weeks of life require further investigation and this can be determined if the conjugated bilirubin levels are greater than 1.5 mg/dL or greater than 20% of the total bilirubin level. There is a diverse differential diagnosis for the cause of neonatal cholestasis due to hepatobiliary disease including biliary atresia, which eventually leads to liver cirrhosis if uncorrected before 60~80 days of life. Long-established initial studies include abdominal ultrasonography, hepatobiliary scintigraphy and liver biopsy, but better diagnostic methods are needed. Promising new options are described including MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiography), ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiography), and PCC (percutaneous cholecysto-cholangiography). Though no single test can differentiate biliary atresia from other neonatal cholestasis with confidence, a combination of diagnostic methods is usually consistently beneficial. By excluding biliary atresia as early as possible, the risk of unnecessary explolaparotomy with intraoperative cholangiography is decreased. Further evaluation would be required for the diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis after excluding biliary atresia.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.518-520
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• 1995

Leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the esophagus,and surgical enucleation is the treatment of choice. Recently we successfully performed thoracoscopic enucleation of large esophageal leiomyoma without complication in one patient. The 46 years old male patient complained epigastric discomfort and showed a submucosal mass in lower esophagus under the endoscopic ultrasonography . During operation minimal perforation occurred, it was closed with clipping without conversion to an open procedure.The tumor size was 8cm x 3cm x 1.5cm respectively. There were less post-operative pain,minimal wound size, and early recovery time.Patient was satisfactory these outcome. These result suggest that esophageal enucleation was performed more large size benign tumor and esophageal perforation during operation was treated thoracoscopically.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2021

Paraganglioma is a rare tumor of paraganglia, derived from neural crest cells in sympathetic or parasympathetic ganglions. It can be widely distributed from the skull base to the bottom of the pelvis. The pancreas, however, is a rare location of this neoplasm, and only a limited number of cases have been reported in the English literature, especially with gadoxetic-acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted images (DWI). We herein report a case of pathologically proven paraganglioma in the pancreas head with a literature review on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), computed tomography (CT), gadoxetic-acid-enhanced MRI, and DWI sequence.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2021

Pancreatic metastasis from malignant phyllodes tumor (PT) of the breast is rare, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of pancreatic metastasis from malignant PT of the breast in a 48-year-old woman. She had had three episodes of recurrence of malignant PT in her right breast. She presented with epigastric pain for 2 months. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 6 cm-sized, well-defined, heterogeneous mass with peripheral enhancement in the body of the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed, and the pathologic report suggested spindle cell mesenchymal neoplasm. Subsequently, surgical excision was performed, and the mass was confirmed as a metastatic malignant PT. The imaging findings are discussed and the literature is briefly reviewed in this report.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.101-104
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• 2015

A 55-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for jaundice. Computed tomography (CT) scans showed a diffuse mass in the pancreas and peripancreatic area, with infiltration to of the whole pancreas, and overall reduced enhancement compared to normal pancreas. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed elevated mucosal lesion covered hyperemic mucosa at duodenal bulb and ulcerative lesion at body of stomach. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed an irregular mass with unclear boundaries was observed within the pancreas. Abrupt narrowing of mid to distal common bile duct was seen and the stricture was caused by compression of pancreatic mass. Plastic stent was inserted and clinical improvement was achieved including resolution of jaundice. The patient is currently being treated with combination of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone. We report a case of primary pancreatic lymphoma presenting with obstructive jaundice.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2005

목적: 내시경 초음파 검사는 종양의 입체상을 파악하기가 용이하므로 위에 발생하는 점막 하 종양의 진단에 효과적으로 이용된다. 저자들은 위의 위장관 간질성 종양에 대한 내시경 초음파 소견을 분석하여 악성과 양성 종양을 감별할 수 있는 지표를 규명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 위에 발생한 위장관 간질성 종양으로 수술하고 절제 표본의 조직 진단으로 확진한 30예(양성 종양 23예, 악성 종양 7예)를 대상으로 하였다. 수술 전의 내시경 초음파 검사 소견을 조사하고 양성과 악성 종양으로 구분하여 비교하였다. 내시경 초음파 소견상 감별 지표로는 병변의 크기, 병변의 위치, 종양 내부의 낭성 병변, 종양 내의 에코성 초점, 종양 외벽 변연의 규칙성, 병변 내부의 불균질성, 종양 표면의 궤양 형성 등을 조사하였다. 결과: 병변의 크기는 악성 종양의 $85.7\%$, 양성 종양의 $8.7\%$에서 40 mm 이상이었다(P=0.000). 병변의 위치 분포는 악성과 양성 종양에 차이가 없었다(P=0.437). 병변 내부의 낭성 병변이 악성 종양의 $71.4\%$, 양성 종양의 $8.7\%$에서 관찰되었다(P=0.003). 종양 내 에코성 초점의 존재는 악성 종양 $42.9\%$, 양성 종양 $8.7\%$로 차이가 없었다(P=0.068). 병변 외벽 변연의 규칙성은 악성 종양의 $71.4\%$, 양성 종양의 $17.4\%$가 불규칙한 변연 소견을 보였다(P=0.014).악성 종양의 $85.7\%$, 양성 종양의 $13.0\%$에서 병변 내부의 불균질성을 보였다(P=0.001). 종양 표면의 궤양 형성은 악성 종양의 $28.6\%$, 양성 종양의 $8.7\%$에 발견되어 차이가 없었다(P=0.225). 결론: 종양의 크기가 4 cm 이상, 종양 내 낭성 병변의 존재, 불규칙한 종양의 외측 변연, 종양 내부 에코의 불균질성 등이 악성 종양의 가능성을 시사하는 소견으로 조사되었다. 위의 위장관 간질성 종양의 치료 방침을 결정하는데 이러한 지표들을 임상적으로 유용하게 적용할 수 있을 것이다.