• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.377-387
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• 2020

This study is a retrospective and descriptive research to identify the factors affecting development of spontaneous abortion in women of childbearing age. The subjects totaled 198 females aged 20~45 who had experienced childbirth or spontaneous abortion at least once, and data was collected for one month since July 2019 through self-reporting questionnaires. The results showed that the factors affecting development of spontaneous abortion were use of panty liners (daily: reference, 1~2 times a week: B=-1.74, no: B=-0.77) and antimicrobials (often or a lot: reference, small or normal: B=-0.71, no: B=0.79), occupational groups (inoccupation: reference, service industry employee: B=0.73, white collar: B=1.22, professional: B=0.63, manager: B=1.54), and exposure-risk behavior toward endocrine-disrupting chemicals (B=0.81) during pregnancy, and their explanatory power for development of spontaneous abortion was 24.4% (R²=.24). As a result, it is necessary to prevent endocrine-disrupting chemicals exposure and pay attention to the occupational environment during pregnancy in order to reduce the development of spontaneous abortion.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.305-310
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• 2023

This study aimed to determine the human androgen receptor (AR)-mediated endocrine disrupting potential of parabens and triclosan in food and household products using a cell-based assay in the OECD TG No.458, the 22Rv1/MMTV_GR-KO transcriptional activation assay. Four parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butyl-) are determined as AR antagonists in OECD TG No.458. However, their AR antagonistic effects were not exhibited in the presence of the S9 hepatic fraction. Triclosan is also classified as an AR antagonist, and the AR antagonistic effect induced by triclosan significantly decreased in the presence of the phase I + II S9 fraction. Regarding the mechanism of AR antagonism induced by parabens and triclosan, the AR-mediated endocrine disrupting effects were exhibited through suppressing the translocation of ligand-bound AR to the nucleus via blocking of AR dimerization in the cytosol. These results indicate that the four parabens and triclosan have AR-mediated endocrine disrupting potential through an AR antagonistic effect via inhibiting AR dimerization; however, their endocrine disrupting effects deceased in the presence of hepatic metabolic enzymes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.128-128
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• 2002

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5937-5946
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• 2012

The term endocrine disruptors is used to describe a variety of natural and manmade substances that have the capacity to potentially interfere with and modify the normal physiology of endocrine system either by mimicking, blocking or modulating the actions of natural endogenous hormones. The rising incidence of breast cancer over the last 50 years and the documented higher incidence in urban as compared to rural areas suggest a relationship to the introduction and increased use of xenoestrogens in our environment. The literature has developed over the last decades where initial experiments on endocrine disruptors did not support an involvement in breast cancer, and then evidence mounted implicating various environmental factors including hormones, endocrine disrupting chemicals and non-endocrine disrupting environmental carcinogens in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Available data support the hypothesis that exposure to endocrine disruptors in utero leaves a signature on mammary gland morphogenesis so that the resulting dysgenic gland becomes more predisposed to develop tumors upon exposures to additional insults later on during life. Exceptionally, exposure to phytoestrogens could be beneficial to human health. Most of the available data are from well developed countries while the developing countries are still understudied regarding these issues. Here, we raise a note of caution about potential role of environmental toxins including endocrine disruptors in breast cancer development and call for serious measures to be taken by all involved parties in the developing world.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1147-1151
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• 2007

Biodegradation of endocrine-disrupting bisphenol A was investigated with several white rot fungi (Irpex lacteus, Trametes versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Polyporellus brumalis, Pleurotus eryngii, Schizophyllum commune) isolated in Korea and two transformants of T. versicolor (strains MrP 1 and MrP 13). I. lacteus degraded 99.4% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 3 h incubation and 100% in 12 h incubation. which was the highest degradation rate among the fungal strains tested. T. versicolor degraded 98.2% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 12 h incubation. Unexpectedly, the transformant of the Mn-repressed peroxidase gene of T. versicolor, strain MrP 1, degraded 76.5% of 50 mg/l bisphenol A in 12 h incubation, which was a lower degradation rate than wild-type T. versicolor. The removal of bisphenol A by I. lacteus occurred mainly by biodegradation rather than adsorption. Optimum carbon sources for biodegradation of bisphenol A by I. lacteus were glucose and starch, and optimum nitrogen sources were yeast extract and tryptone in a minimal salts medium; however, bisphenol A degradation was higher in nutrient-rich YMG medium than that in a minimal salts medium. The initial degradation of endocrine disruptors was accompanied by the activities of manganese peroxidase and laccase in the culture of I. lacteus.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.41-43
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.3-8
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• 2003

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.3 no.sup4
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• pp.33.2-33.2
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.173-180
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• 2002

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 2024

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds that come from outside the body and disrupt hormone action within the body's endocrine system. Examples include parabens, benzophenones, bisphenols, and phthalates, which are currently used in a wide range of applications. However, continuous exposure to them can have negative effects on glycemic control, reproduction, metabolism, nervous system development, pregnancy, childbirth, and growth. In this study, human samples (urine) were pretreated using liquid-liquid-extraction to determine the exposure level of EDCs and then analyzed effectively and rapidly by UPLC-MS/MS. In this way, the analytical conditions were established and the reliability of the simultaneous analysis method was evaluated through method validation. The results showed that the accuracy ranged from 75.28 to 122.36% and the precision ranged from 2.16 to 22.74%. The analytical method established in this study can be used as a methodology for future studies to evaluate and monitor the exposure of EDCs in human samples.