• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2006

양극화로 인한 소외계층이 심화되고 고령화에 따른 사회복지가 대응하는 시간적 간격이 너무나 커지고 있다. 특히, 독거노인 환자의 증가로 인한 무관심이 사회문제로 비화되고 있는 실정이다. 더불어, 재택 골절환자의 비율도 급상승하고 있다. 국내적으로는 BT기술, 의료솔루션 기술은 현대기술의보조적 역할보다는 중추적인 역할을 제공하고 창조적 기술로 활용할 수가 있다. 특히, 초음파를 골절치료에 적용하면, 뼈가 잘 안 붙는 뼈의 골절치료 기간을 40% 가량 줄일 수 있다는 논문자료도 있다. 본 연구에서는 초음파 작동주파수가 1mHz, 1.3mHz, 1.5mHz의Piezo-ceramic crystal tranducer물질을 가지는 초음파 발생원 각각 4개를 한조로 하여 양단에 사용하였고, 임피이던스 및 Phase측정결과에 따라 외부직경이 각각4mm, 5.4mm, 두께0.5mm, 길이 70mm의 트랜스듀스를 사용하였다. 용량 50mW급으로 제작하였고, 초음파분포도를 조사하였다. <중략> 차후 시스템을 보완하면 골다공증 환자에도 적용이 될 것이고, 본 연구에서는 시제품을 직접 설계하고 비정형화 특성을 연구하고 기본적인 형태를 모델링 하여 접근해 보고자 노력해 보았다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 8th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.201-206
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• 2020

Diversification of project delivery methods (PDM) under ever-changing construction business environment has significantly changed the role of project participants. Active efforts to effectively sharing the roles and responsibilities have been observed in the project management offices (PMOs) among owner/operator organizations as well as engineering, procurement, construction and maintenance (EPCM) firms. In order for being effective in a holistic way throughout the project life-cycle, a PMO needs to have 'adequate management skills' as well as 'essential technical capabilities' in cooperating with many different participants. One of the well-known examples of the PMO's tool to support these skills and capabilities is the effective 'work packaging (WP)' that serves as a common basis integrating all relevant information in a structured manner. In an attempt to enhance the construction productivity, the concept of 'advanced work packing (AWP)' has been introduced by Construction Industry Institute (CII). The AWP enables productivity to be improved by early planning of construction packages in the design phase "with the end in mind". The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the 'variables' of advanced work packing (AWP) for life-cycle information integration. Firstly, an extended concept of advanced WP based on the CII AWP was defined in order to comprehend many different issues of business functions (e.g. cost, schedule, quality, etc.). A structured list of major components and variables of AWP were then identified and examined for practical viability with real-world examples. Strategic fits and managerial effectiveness were stressed throughout the analyses. Findings, implications and lessons learned are briefly discussed as well.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2023

Background: Efficient gene editing technology is needed for successful knock-in. Homologous recombination (HR) is a major double-strand break repair pathway that can be utilized for accurately inserting foreign genes into the genome. HR occurs during the S/G2 phase, and the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway is inextricably linked to HR to maintain HR fidelity. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of inhibiting MMR-related genes using CdCl₂, an MMR-related gene inhibitor, on HR efficiency in HC11 cells. Methods: The mRNA and protein expression levels of MMR-related genes (Msh2, Msh3, Msh6, Mlh1, Pms2), the HR-related gene Rad51, and the NHEJ-related gene DNA Ligase IV were assessed in HC11 cells treated with 10 μM of CdCl₂ for 48 hours. In addition, HC11 cells were transfected with a CRISPR/sgRNA expression vector and a knock-in vector targeting Exon3 of the mouse-beta casein locus, and treated with 10 μM cadmium for 48 hours. The knock-in efficiency was monitored through PCR. Results: The treatment of HC11 cells with a high-dose of CdCl₂ decreased the mRNA expression of the HR-related gene Rad51 in HC11 cells. In addition, the inhibition of MMR-related genes through CdCl₂ treatment did not lead to an increase in knock-in efficiency. Conclusions: The inhibition of MMR-related gene expression through high-dose CdCl₂ treatment reduces the expression of the HR-related gene Rad51, which is active during recombination. Therefore, it was determined that CdCl₂ is an inappropriate compound for improving HR efficiency.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.780-785
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• 2015

전복을 4일간 굶긴 후 phlorotannin-고함유 곰피를 제공하여 이의 섭취 및 phlorotannin 축적정도를 조사하였다. 전복의 성장속도는 곰피 혹은 일반 사료로 쓰이는 다시마를 20일간 투여한 경우 서로 비슷하였다. 주된 phlorotannin 성분인 7-phloroeckol 및 eckol은 역상 HPLC로서 측정하였다. 7-phloroeckolol은 섭취 6일만에 전복 건조육 1g당 0.58±0.13 mg 정도 축적되었다. Eckol은 6일만에 전복 건조육 1g당 0.25±0.05 mg 정도 축적되었으며 실험기간 내 그 정도를 유지하였다. 대조군로서의 다시마 투여 전복은 phlorotannin을 전혀 함유하지 않았다. Phlorotannin은 전복 조직내에서의 구성효소들에 의하여 분해되어 지는것으로 보인다. 그러므로 다양한 생리활성을 지닌 phlorotannin 물질들을 가진 고부가 가치의 전복 생산은 전복수확 6일전부터 간단히 사료만 phlorotannin-고함유 곰피로 바꾸어 공급함으로서 생산가능하다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.556-562
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• 2007

A total of 126 crossbred weanling pigs (average body weight of $6.3{\pm}0.3$ kg) were used to investigate the effect of chito-oligosaccharide (COS) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, pH of gastro-intestinal tract (GI), intestinal and fecal microflora of young piglets. Pigs were allocated to three dietary treatments based on body weight and gender in a single factorial arrangement. Treatments were control (No COS), T1 (0.2% COS during starter (6-13 kg) and 0.1% COS during grower (13-30 kg) phases, and T2 (0.4% COS during starter (6-13 kg) and 0.3% COS during grower (13-30 kg) phases, respectively. Each treatment had 3 replicates and 14 pigs were raised in each pen. COS is a low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan that can be obtained from chitin of the crab shell after deacetylation with concentrated sodium hydroxide at high temperature and then further decomposition by chitosanase enzyme in the presence of ascorbic acid. For the starter and grower periods, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in average daily gain (ADG) and feed to gain ratio among treatments. However, during the overall period (6-30 kg), T2 showed better (p<0.05) feed to gain ratio than other treatments. A digestibility study was conducted at the end of grower phase which showed improvement (p<0.05) in DM and crude fat digestibility in T2 over the control. At 25 kg body weight, 6 pigs per treatment (2 per replicate) were sacrificed to determine the effect of diets on pH and microbial count at different sections of the GI tract. The pH of the cecal contents in pigs fed 0.1% COS was higher (p<0.05) than in the other treatments. Total anaerobic bacterial number increased from cecum to rectum in all treatments. The weekly total bacterial counts showed higher (p<0.05) in feces of pigs fed COS than that of untreated pigs at the $8^{th}$ week. The number of fecal E. coli in untreated pigs at $4^{th}$ wk was 7.35 log CFU/g compared to 6.71 and 6.54 log CFU/g in 0.1 and 0.3% COS-treated pigs, respectively. Similarly, at $8^{th}$ wk, fecal clostridium spp. were lower in pigs fed 0.3% COS (5.43 log CFU/g) than in untreated pigs (6.26 log CFU/g). In conclusion, these results indicated that chito-oligosaccharide could improve feed efficiency in young pigs and inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.10-22
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• 2022

We studied the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 (LSB) supplemented to lactating sows on reproductive traits and farrowing duration and to piglets from day 7 of life on post-weaning performance and IgG concentration. Ninety-six Landrace × Yorkshire sows started the trial 5 days before the expected farrowing date. Sows were distributed into 2 groups according to parity number and backfat thickness: control (CON: regular lactation diet) and LSB (CON + LSB at 2 × 10⁹ colony forming units [CFU]/kg of feed). Seven days after birth, litters were randomly selected from each group and supplemented creep feed with or without LSB at 2 × 10⁹ CFU/kg. At weaning, piglets from CON sows were shifted to a commercial farm and allocated to 14 pens in groups of 25 piglets/pen according to the creep feed supplemented during lactation. Piglets followed a 3-phase feeding program: creep, pre-starter and starter, with or without LSB at 2 × 10⁹ CFU/kg LSB in creep and pre-starter, and 1 × 10⁹ CFU/kg LSB in starter. The piglets were vaccinated against classical swine fever on days 41 and 72 of life. One day before each vaccination and at the end of the trial, blood samples were collected from 15 randomly selected piglets per treatment and assessed for total IgG. Supplemented sows with non-supplemented litters displayed the lowest backfat thickness loss during lactation (p < 0.05). The LSB supplementation shortened farrowing duration (p < 0.05) and increased feed intake (p < 0.05) during the first week of lactation. The LSB-fed piglets were heavier at the end of creep (p < 0.05), pre-starter (p < 0.05), and the trial (p < 0.05); grew faster during creep (p < 0.05), starter (p < 0.05), and overall (p < 0.05); and displayed an improved feed conversion ratio during creep (p < 0.05). Total IgG content was higher at days 40 (p < 0.05) and 71 (p < 0.05) in LSB-fed piglets. We conclude that supplementing sows with Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 from late gestation until weaning shortens farrowing duration, increases feed intake, and minimizes backfat losses during lactation. When supplemented to piglet diet, post-weaning performance is improved. This improvement observed could be linked to a better immune status, as suggested by the higher IgG.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권2호통권82호
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• pp.272-278
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• 2007

단백질분해효소는 다른 단백질들의 아미노산 간에 존재하는 peptide 결합을 절단하며 생리학적, 상업적 측면에서 중요한 위치를 차지하는 효소의 한 부류이다. 이러한 단백질분해효소의 새로운 공급원을 찾기 위하여 비교적 저온에서 체외단백질분해효소를 생산하는 세균을 동해심층수로부터 분리하였다. 분리된 균 중 저온에서의 생육정도와 높은 활성을 가지는 균주를 선별하여 HJ 47이라 명명하였다. 형태학적, 생리생화학적 특성과 16s rRNA gene의 염기서열을 조사한 후 Pseudoalteromonas sp.에 포함하는 것으로 나타났다. 분리된 Pseudoalteromonas sp. HJ 47은 $10^{\circ}C$에서도 비교적 잘 자랐으며, $37^{\circ}C$에서 최적의 생육을 보여 주었다. 최적생육온도와는 달리 배양시간당 최대 체외단백질분해효소의 생산은 $20^{\circ}C$에서 최대였고 대수기 후반과 정지기에 생산이 시작되어 15시간 경과 후 최대의 생산을 보여주었다. 효소활성의 최적온도는 $35^{\circ}C$, 최적 pH는 8로 판명되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.790-798
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• 2016

Chlamydiae, obligate intracellular bacteria, are associated with a variety of human diseases. The chlamydial life cycle undergoes a biphasic development: replicative reticulate bodies (RBs) phase and infectious elementary bodies (EBs) phase. At the end of the chlamydial intracellular life cycle, EBs have to be released to the surrounded cells. Therefore, the interactions between Chlamydiae and cell death pathways could greatly influence the outcomes of Chlamydia infection. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we investigated host cell death after Chlamydia infection in vitro, in L929 cells, and showed that Chlamydia infection induces cell necrosis, as detected by the propidium iodide (PI)-Annexin V double-staining flow-cytometric assay and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important factor in induction of necrosis, was increased after Chlamydia infection, and inhibition of ROS with specific pharmacological inhibitors, diphenylene iodonium (DPI) or butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), led to significant suppression of necrosis. Interestingly, live-cell imaging revealed that Chlamydia infection induced lysosome membrane permeabilization (LMP). When an inhibitor upstream of LMP, CA-074-Me, was added to cells, the production of ROS was reduced with concomitant inhibition of necrosis. Taken together, our results indicate that Chlamydia infection elicits the production of ROS, which is dependent on LMP at least partially, followed by induction of host-cell necrosis. To our best knowledge, this is the first live-cell-imaging observation of LMP post Chlamydia infection and report on the link of LMP to ROS to necrosis during Chlamydia infection.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2014

본 연구는 기획단계에서 건축물의 이산화탄소 배출량 평가에 개략평가모델인 I-O LCA 모델의 활용 가능성을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여, I-O LCA 모델과 Hybrid LCA 모델을 정의하고, 두 LCA 모델을 이용하여 아파트 3개 단지와 3개 교육시설물에 대한 이산화탄소 배출량을 평가하고, 결과를 비교하였다. 사례분석 결과, I-O LCA 모델을 통해 산출된 이산화탄소 배출량은 Hybrid LCA 모델을 통해 산출된 이산화탄소 배출량과 상당히 유사하였다. 아파트 단지의 경우 78.2-86.3%의 유사도를 나타내었고, 학교 건축물의 경우 59.9-84.8%의 유사도를 나타내었다. 하지만, 전반적으로 I-O LCA 모델에 의해 산출된 이산화탄소 배출량은 Hybrid LCA 모델의 결과에 비해 작았다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 사례분석 결과는 총공사비를 유일한 입력요소로 하는 간단한 모델인, I-O LCA 모델이 상당히 높은 정확도를 가진다는 사실을 보여주었다. I-O LCA모델은 프로젝트의 초기 기획단계에 건축물의 이산화탄소 배출량을 예측하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

프로그래밍 교육을 통해 학생들의 고차원적인 사고력을 배양하기 위해서는 문법을 익히는데 유발되는 과도한 인지적 부담을 줄여야한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 다양한 교육용 프로그래밍 언어가 개발되었고, 최근에는 블록 기반으로 실생활에 활용할 수 있는 앱 인벤터가 소개되었다. 학생들이 실생활에 쉽게 활용 가능한 앱을 설계 제작함으로써 문제 해결의 도구로 프로그래밍을 주도적으로 활용할 수 있는 교육 환경을 제시하고자 한다. 특히 초등학생은 발달단계상 구체적 조작 활동이 중요하기 때문에 프로그래밍 과정에서 스마트폰의 다양한 센서를 기반으로 실세계와 역동적으로 상호작용하도록 제시할 수 있는 앱 인벤터는 초등학생 교육용 프로그래밍 언어로 의미가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 초등학생을 대상으로 실생활에 활용할 수 있는 앱 인벤터 프로그래밍 교육을 설계하였다. 초등학생 5학년을 대상으로 적용한 결과 프로그래밍 학습에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 서로 협력하는 LT 협동학습과 스마트폰의 여러 가지 센서를 실생활에 활용할 수 있는 학습주제 그리고 앱 인벤터의 활용이 학생들의 흥미와 관심을 유발하고 지속시켰다고 판단된다.