• 인지과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2002

This paper reports an experiment on Broca's aphasics' comprehension of a class of English constructions involving empty categories. Based on Grodzinsky's (1986) account of chance-level performance of agrammatic understanding of movement constructions and their thematic role assignments. I show that Grodzinsky's notion of invisible empty categories can be further extended to include pronomical anaphors (PRO's) in Chomsky's (1981) sense and that the asymmetry in their poor comprehension of subject- and object-control constructions can be explained by the heuristic mechanism of the default thematic role assignment rule. eventually supporting Grodzinsky's claim that empty categories are not visible In agrammatic's syntactic representation.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.470-475
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• 2012

EPCglobal Class-1 Gen-2 RFID 시스템의 Q-알고리즘에서는 슬롯-카운트 매개변수인 $Q_{fp}$ 값에 대한 초기 값이 정의되어 있지 않고, 슬롯-카운트의 크기를 증감시키기 위한 매개변수인 가중치 C의 값이 정해져 있지 않다. 따라서 태그의 수가 적은 상태에서 초기 $Q_{fp}$ 값을 크게 하면 빈 슬롯이 많이 발생하고, 태그의 수가 많은 상태에서 초기 $Q_{fp}$값을 적게 하면 충돌이 많이 발생한다. 또한 적절하지 못한 가중치를 선택할 경우 빈 슬롯 또는 충돌 슬롯이 많이 발생할 수 있다. 이로 인하여 질의 라운드 동안 최적의 프레임 크기에 수렴하는 속도가 늦어지므로 성능이 저하되는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 태그 수를 추정하여 최적의 초기 $Q_{fp}$ 값을 할당하고 현재의 슬롯-카운트 크기에 따라 가중치를 결정하는 기법을 제안하고, 이에 대한 성능을 분석한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.723-725
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• 2016

Gen-2 Q-알고리즘에서는 태그의 수가 적은 상태에서 초기 $Q_{fp}$ 값을 크게 하면 빈 슬롯이 많이 발생하고, 태그의 수가 많은 상태에서 초기 $Q_{fp}$ 값을 적게 하면 충돌이 많이 발생한다. 또한 적절하지 못한 가중치를 선택할 경우 빈 슬롯 또는 충돌 슬롯이 많이 발생할 수 있다. 이로 인하여 질의 라운드 동안 최적의 프레임 크기에 수렴하는 속도가 늦어지므로 성능이 저하되는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 태그 수를 추정하여 현재의 슬롯-카운트 크기에 따라 가중치를 결정하는 기법을 제안하고, 이에 대한 성능을 분석한다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2012년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.635-637
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• 2012

In Gen-2 Q-algorithm, the value of initial $Q_{fp}$ and weight C is not defined in the standard. If we let the initial $Q_{fp}$ be large or small, the number of empty slot will be large during the initial query round or almost all the slots will be collided, respectively. Also, if the reader selects an inappropriate weight, there are a lot of empty or collided slots. As a result, it is anticipated that the performance will be declined because the frame size does not converge to the optimal point quickly during the query round. In this paper, we analyze how the performances of Gen-2 Q-algorithm will be affected by the weight and initial slot-count size.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2011년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.653-655
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• 2011

EPCglobal proposed a Q-algorithm, which is used for selecting a slot-count in the next query round. However, it is impossible to allocate an optimized slot-count because the original Q-algorithm did not define an optimized weight C value. In this paper, we propose an adaptive Q-algorithm, in which we differentiate the weight values with respect to collision and empty slots. The weight values are defined with the identification time as well as the collision probability.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2022

The present study was carried out to investigate the food and feeding habits of Oreochromis niloticus in Lake Shala to manage this species in this high Soda Lake. Stomachs of 226 fish (65.9%) had different food items, while those of 117 fish (34.1%) were empty. Phytoplankton was the dominant food categories occurring in 90.3% of the stomachs estimated and contributed 75.5% of the total volume. Bacillariophyceae (Nitzschia, Anomoeoneis, Navicula and Melosira) were identified as the most desired phytoplankton item. The prey items of O. niloticus differed among size classes (ANOVA, p < 0.05). The main prey items were zooplankton by the smaller-size class, and phytoplankton in fish of the larger-size class. Seasonal variation in the diet composition was evident (t-test, p < 0.05) and zooplankton, chironomids, nematodes, fish scales and detritus were important during the wet season, while phytoplankton predominates during the dry season. This study concludes that O. niloticus had a phytoplanktivores feeding mainly on phytoplankton and their feeding habits influenced by season and fish size in Lake Shala.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.376-381
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• 2008

성장기 아동의 치열은 대부분 혼합 치열로, 이 시기에는 유치 탈락 또는 계승치 미맹출로 인해 치열에 빈 공간이 많아지고, 계승치가 맹출되었다 하더라도 고정성 장치를 부착시키고 강한 호선을 적용시키기는 매우 어렵다. 이런 치료 진행의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 horseshoe 장치가 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 이 장치는 치열에 빈 공간이 있는지의 여부에 관계없이 장치 제작이 가능하며, 치열 상태와 무관하게 전 치열을 하나로 묶어준다. 그리고 구강내에 이미 맹출된 치아의 모든 치면을 피개하므로 치아의 정출과 회전이 발생하지 않으면서 악간 고무줄의 힘에 의해 치조골의 골개조가 상악과 하악 치궁에서 서로 반대 방향으로 유도된다. 경희대학교 치대병원 소아치과에 내원한 환아에서, Horseshoe Appliance를 이용하여 III급 부정교합에서 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.170-177
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to evaluate an acoustic emission (AE) source characterization and fracture behavior of the SM45C steel by using back-propagation neural network (BPN). In previous research Ref. [8] about k-nearest neighbor classifier (k-NNC) continuity, we used K-means clustering method as an unsupervised learning method for obtaining multi-variate AE main data sets, such as AE counts, energy, amplitude, risetime, duration and counts to peak. Similarly, we applied k-NNC and BPN as a supervised learning method for obtaining multi-variate AE working data sets. According to the error of convergence for determinant criterion Wilk's ${\lambda}$, heuristic criteria D&B(Rij) and Tou values are discussed. As a result, in k-NNC before fracture signal is detected or when fracture signal is detected, showed that produce some empty classes in BPN. And we confirmed that could save trouble in AE signal processing if suitable error of convergence or acceptable encoding error give to BPN.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2014

Automated design program using commercial process integration and optimization program was developed for conceptual design of fighter-class aircraft. Wind tunnel test data and performance analysis results were compared for the verification of analysis tool of this program, and the usefulness of the tool was found. After integration with radar cross section analysis tool, the correlation with configuration design variables of wing, tail and performance parameters was identified by design of experiment, and the optimized configuration for weight and RCS was derived from optimization of empty weight and average frontal RCS value. After parameter definition of fuselage, the program can be implemented for full aircraft configuration.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.1217-1227
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• 2014

The intersection of all two-sided ideals of an ordered semigroup, if it is non-empty, is called the kernel of the ordered semigroup. A left ideal L of an ordered semigroup ($S,{\cdot},{\leq}$) having a kernel I is said to be simple if I is properly contained in L and for any left ideal L' of ($S,{\cdot},{\leq}$), I is properly contained in L' and L' is contained in L imply L' = L. The notions of simple right and two-sided ideals are defined similarly. In this paper, the author characterize when an ordered semigroup having a kernel is the class sum of its simple left, right and two-sided ideals. Further, the structure of simple two-sided ideals will be discussed.