• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제14권11호
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 광고에 대한 소비자 공감을 개념 정의하고 이야기 광고에 대한 소비자 공감반응을 타당하게 측정할 수 있는 척도를 개발하고자 하였다. 관련 문헌과 소비자 조사 결과 이야기 광고에 대한 소비자의 공감은 공감적 이해, 동일시, 대리적 감정반응의 세 하위 요인으로 이루어진 다차원적 개념임을 제시하였고, 소비자 실증조사를 통하여 총 11개의 항목과 세 하위 요인으로 이루어진 소비자 공감반응 척도를 개발하였다. 소비자 공감반응 척도는 기존 척도에서 소홀히 다루어진 동일시 요인을 반영하여 측정도구의 내용타당도를 제고한 점에서 학문적 기여 가능성을 찾고자 한다.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.29-59
• /
• 1988

Empathy was defined in this study as the vicarious affective response of a person to the perceived experience of another. The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between empathic development of children and intimacy with parents, socio-economic status, and children's empathic response to specific affective situations happy, sad, angry and fearful. The subjects for this study were 8-, 10-, and 12-year-old children attending an elementary school located in Seoul. Among the subjects, 158 boys and 149 girls lived with their parents, and 20 boys and 35 girls were reared in orphanges. They were from a residential area with higher, middle, and lower class families. The instruments consisted of two modified empathy measures and two questionnaires developed by the researcher. One of the empathy measures was based on Feshbach & Roe's affective situation test for empathy. In order to determine the eight themes, 20 children were interviewed individually about situations that made them "happy, sad, angry, and afraid". From the pool of responses, eight themes representing happy, sad, angry and fearful situations were selected. Each story consisted of a series of three pictures accompanying narration. Another modified empathy measure was developed by the researcher based upon Bryant's empathy scale. This measure consisted of 17 statements describing happy, sad, angry and fearful situations. The items in this scale were selected from a pilot study. The two questionnaires developed by the researcher were to test children's intimacy for their parents and feminity. The data was analyzed with T-test and F-test. Children's intimacy with their parents, particularly, son's intimacy with their mothers, was a significant variable in empathic development. Children living with their parents had higher scores on Feshbach & Roe's Empathy Test than those brought up in orphanages. In general, the older the children the higher the empathy score. Girls were more empathic than boys on Bryant's scale. The subjects showed their highest empathy score in the sad, and the lowest in the fearful situation. The older the children the higher the empathy score in the sad and angry situations. These results reflected children's life experiences and cultural differences. Particularly, mother-son intimacy found in this study contrasts with the mother-daughter intimacy found in American studies.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.128-137
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 건강캠페인을 위해 제작된 공익광고 영상 메시지에 대한 공감 반응 효과를 살펴보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 공감반응척도를 바탕으로 금연, 결핵, 자살을 주제로 한 9개의 건강캠페인 영상에 대한 공감반응이 건강 위험에 대한 공포심 유발과 건강행위(정보추구, 예방행동)에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 공감 반응요인 중 메시지 크리에이티브의 현실성, 영상 속 등장인물에 대한 감정일치, 동일시가 각각 공포심을 높이는 역할을 하였으며, 건강캠페인 영상을 통해 건강 문제를 일으키는 상황을 논리적으로 이해하는 것은 오히려 공포나 건강정보추구 행위를 줄이는 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 건강캠페인에 대한 공감반응요인 중 영상 속 등장인물에 대한 동정과 같은 관심도가 높아질수록 건강 위험을 줄이기 위한 예방 행동의도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2012

최근 국내외에서 체험형 교육서비스의 도입과 활용이 활발해지고 있다. 체험형 교육서비스가 제대로 관리됨으로써 효과적인 체험형 교육서비스가 제공될 경우 다양한 체험형 교육서비스 제공자와 이용자 사이의 사회적, 경제적 교환의 기회가 지속적으로 확대될 개연성이 존재한다. 이를 위해 필요한 선결과제 중 하나가 바로 '성과 측정 수단'인데, 문제는 새로운 체험형 교육서비스 성과 측정에 적합한 성과 측정 수단이 마땅치 않다는 점이다. 이와 같은 상황에서 우선적으로 고려해볼 수 있는 연구화두는 다음과 같다: 창의적 체험활동과 같은 체험형 교육 서비스 품질을 어떻게 측정할 것인가. 본 연구에서는 바로 이 화두에 대한 답을 모색하기 위해 체험형 교육 서비스 중 하나인 창의적 체험활동 교육 서비스 품질 측정 문항을 개발하여 체험형 교육서비스 품질 측정 도구화 하는 것을 목적으로 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 체험형 교육 서비스 품질 평가를 위한 척도를 개발하기 위해 창의적 체험활동에 초점을 맞추어 이론적 배경으로부터 실무 전문가의 검토 조정을 거쳐 평가 척도 후보군을 개발하고, 실증적 정제 과정을 통해 최종 척도 항목을 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 도출한 체험형 교육 서비스 품질 측정 항목은 (체험형 교육) 결과 품질 (EE-outcome), (체험형 교육) 공감 품질 (EE-empathy), (체험형 교육) 신뢰 품질 (EE-reliability), (체험형 교육) 물리적환경 품질 (EE-scape) 등 4차원으로 구성되며, 전반적인 신뢰성과 타당성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 체험형 교육 서비스 품질 측정 도구는 운용 주체에게 기획 포인트를 제공하고 '교육용' 세분시장을 추구하는 서비스 제공 주체에게는 관리 포인트를 제공한다는 점에서 유용한 지침이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.583-598
• /
• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 소셜미디어 정서전염척도(Social Media Emotional Contagion Scale, SECS)를 개발하고 타당화를 하는 것이다. 전국의 20대 성인을 대상으로 결측을 제외한 총 326명을 대상으로 진행되었으며, SECS의 높은 신뢰도를 확보하였다. EFA와 CFA를 통해 SECS가 2요인 구조임을 확인하였고 한국판 정서전염 척도(K-ECS), 성인 공감척도(BES-A), Rosenberg 자아존중감척도(SES)와의 준거관련타당도를 확인하였다. SECS는 K-ECS와 BES-A의 정서적 전염과 관련된 하위요인과는 수렴하였지만, K-ECS와 BES-A 전체 척도와는 변별되었다. 이는 오프라인상에서 나타나는 정서전염과 소셜미디어상에서 나타나는 정서전염을 구별할 필요성을 시사한다. SES와는 변별되었으나 SES의 하위요인과는 일부 수렴하고 일부 변별되었다. 더 나아가, IRT를 시행하여 SECS가 높은 변별도와 적절한 심각도 문항으로 구성된 타당한 척도임을 확인하였다. 마지막으로, SECS 척도의 기준점을 제시하였고 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 추후 연구에 대해 논의하였다.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.79-92
• /
• 2015

Purpose - The aim of this study is to develop an empirical model of the effects of traditional market service quality factors on customer value, relationship quality, and behavior. The specific objectives of the study are as follows: 1) to classify study objects into cultural tourism markets and non-cultural tourism markets as well as to verify the differences in service quality among the two markets and, 2) to present practical service marketing methods that fit with the characteristics of the traditional markets by amending the five quality evaluation items of SERVQUAL (a multiple-item scale for measuring service quality)to suit the characteristics of the traditional markets and establish the relationship among customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. Research design, data, and methodology - The study methods of empirical investigation are as follows. First, this study selected for a study object the Suwon Paldalmun Gate Market to represent the cultural tourism market, and general traditional markets to represent the non-cultural tourism market. This study also conducted personal interviews in order to increase the response rate and collected a total of 418 responses between March 18, 2014 and April 05, 2014. The total of 418 responses used for this study excluded 14 responses that had either misleading information or missing values. Results - This study verified the perceived differences of service quality based on traditional market specialization through an independent sample t-test. It appeared that the perceived service quality of the cultural tourism market was generally higher than that of the non-cultural tourism market. This study executed a path analysis in order to examine the effects of service quality factors on customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. This study also comprehensively analyzed the specialized market and non-specialized market separately. Although there were some differences among the results, the overall results were uniform. It appeared that convenience, reliability, and empathy, among the service quality factors, exerted meaningful effects on customer value. On the other hand, convenience, reliability, responsiveness, and empathy, excluding the tangibles, exerted meaningful effects on the relationship quality. In addition, it appeared that all service quality factors exerted meaningful effects on the customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. Therefore, the study verified that all of the hypotheses formulated in the study were generally adopted. Conclusions - The implication of this study may be classified into academic and practical implication as follows. With respect to the academic implication, it seems that this study is among the early studies to verify the differences between the cultural tourism market and the non-cultural tourism market. The practical implication of this study is that the perceived service quality, such as convenience, reliability, responsiveness, and tangibles, excluding empathy, was higher in the cultural tourism market than in the non-cultural tourism market. This means that customer satisfaction is enhanced by governmental aid such as hardware, software, and information and communications technology.

• 한국자연치유학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 2022

정신과 간호사의 정신건강 증진과 간호서비스의 질을 높이는 연구가 필요하다. 목적: 본 연구는 정신과 간호사의 심리적 안녕감에 영향에 미치는 요인을 조사하여 이를 증진하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 서술적 조사연구로 2019년 2월 18일부터 3월 31일까지 수행하였다. 경남에 있는 정신과 전문병원에서 근무하는 정신과 간호사 150명을 대상으로 하였다. 직무 스트레스 측정, 대인관계 반응지수, 회복력 척도, 심리적 안녕감에 대한 설문지를 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS program으로 분석하였다. 결과: 대상자의 직무 스트레스, 공감 능력, 회복 탄력성 그리고 심리적 안녕감 수준은 2.34점~ 3.33점 범위로 나타났다. 대상자의 특성에 따른 회복 탄력성과 안녕감 수준은 40대 이상, 기혼, 종교가 있을 때, 간호사 경력 10년 이상, 보통 이상의 경제 수준, 정신과 관련 자격을 가지고 있을 때, 책임간호사 이상, 탄력성 등의 교육에 참여자는 모두 유의하게 나타났다 (p < .001). 심리적 안녕감은 직무스트레스와 음의 상관관계, 공감능력과 회복탄력성과는 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 미치는 요인은 경제 수준과 회복탄력성에 있었다(𝛽 = .76, p < .001). 이들 요인의 심리적 안녕감에 대한 설명력은 67%였다. 경제 수준과 회복탄력성이 높을수록 심리적 안녕감은 증가하였다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 심리적 안녕감은 직무스트레스가 낮을수록, 공감능력과 회복탄력성이 높을수록 심리적 안녕감이 높아지었다. 따라서 정신과 간호사의 회복탄력성과 안녕감 향상을 위한 맞춤형 교육 개발이 필요하다고 판단한다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.324-340
• /
• 1990

Support has always been considered an important nursing concept. However, there is no agreement among nurse researchers as to a conceptual definition of supportive nursing or meaningful supportive behaviors. Clarification of the concept, support in nursing, is necessary to promote communication among nurses on nursing behaviors that are effective in providing support and on understanding the relevant properties and charcteristics of the concept, supportive nursing care. The objectives of the study were : 1. to analyse the concept, support in nursing, in order to provide a definition of supportive nursing care, and 2. to operationalize the definition of supportive nursing care and use it as an experimental nursing intervention for patients with low back pain. The first part of the study used the concept analysis approach developed by Walker and Avant(1983) to define the concept of supportive nursing care. The properties of supportive nursing care, defined by this analysis, included perception of supportive need, reciprocal interaction(Transaction), listening, providing empathy and information related to health, and confirmation of the patient's verbal and non - verbal response. The second part, the experimental part of the study, was done using King's(1970) Interpersonal Theory for Nursing. The concept, supportive nursing care, as defined in the concept analysis was operationalized and used as the experimental intervention. The experiment tested the effectiveness of the independent variable, supportive nursing care on the dependent variables, depression, mood and patient satisfaction, in the patients with low back pain in army hospitals. The instruments used to measure the dependent variables were Zung's(1965) Self- Rating Depression Scale, Ryman and Colleagues'(1974) Mood Questionnaire and LaMonica and Colleagues'(1986) Patient Satisfaction Scale. The experimental design used for this study was a Solomon 4 group experimental design. This design has the strength of allowing for observation of the main effects of supportive nursing care and pretesting, and for observation of the interaction effects of pretesting and supportive nursing care. The design includes one experimental group and three control groups. The Subjects of this study were 150 young male patients with low back pain on Neuro - Surgical Wards in three general army hospitals. There were 35 in the experimental group, 39 in the pre - posttest control group, 36 in the treatment - posttest control group and 40 in the posttest only control group. Supportive nursing care, as operationalized by the researcher according to the concept analysis, was given to the patients in the experimental group and the treatment -posttest control group, individually for 30 minute sessions, every other day for 5 days. Data collection was done using a questionnaire. The data were collected in a pretest one week before the supportive nursing care sessions, a posttest immediately after the sessions and follow- up test one week later. Hypotheses testing was done using 2×2 factorial analysis of variance and Meta analysis(Stouffer's Z method). The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Hypothesis Ⅰ, “There will be a difference on depression level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who do not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (F＝8.49, p＜.05). 2. Hypothesis Ⅱ, “There will be a difference on mood level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who to not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (Z meta＝2.17, p＜.05). 3. Hypothesis Ⅲ, “There will be a difference on satisfaction level between the patients with low back pain who receive supportive nursing care and those who do not receive supportive nursing care”, was supported (F＝13.67, p＜.05). 4. ANOVA, done to examine the interaction effect of history and maturation, showed no significant difference on the dependent variables between the observations of the pretest scores of the experimental group, the pretest scores of the pre- posttest control group and the posttest score of the posttest only control group. 5. To test for continuing effect of supportive nursing care, paired t-test was done to compare the scores for the dependent variables at the posttest and at the one week later follow-up test. No significant difference on the scores for the dependent variables was found between the posttest scores and the follow-up test scores for the two groups that received supportive nursing care, the experimental group and the treatment-posttest control group. In conclusion, it was found that in the case of young soldiers with low back pain in army hospitals, their depression level was decreased, their mood state was changed positively and their satisfaction level was increased by receiving supportive nursing care. Further, the effectiveness of the supportive nursing care lasted for at least one week in this study. The significance of this study to nursing is in the analysis of the concept of supportive nursing care and the demonstration of the effectiveness of supportive nursing care as an intervention within the limits of the study.