• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.385-404
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• 2011

We examined how emotional background stimuli influence focused attention in a flanker task. An IAPS picture was presented for 1,000ms in advance, then a target and two flanker letters were presented against the IAPS picture for 200ms(Experiment 1). The flanking stimuli were simultaneously presented on the left and right sides of the target stimulus with distance of $0.5^{\circ}C$, $1^{\circ}C$, or $1.5^{\circ}C$ visual angle. We investigated the flanker compatibility effect that identification of target would be faster when they were flanked by identical(compatible) stimuli than when they were flanked by different(incompatible) stimuli. Results of Experiment 1 revealed that the flanker compatibility effect depended not only on the distance of flankers but also on the valence of a background IAPS pictures. Positive and neutral pictures showed distance effect that the flanker compatibility effect was decreased as the farther the distance was, while negative pictures showed no di stance effect. Positive and neutral pictures showed compatibility effects at all distance conditions, but negative pictures didn't showed compatibility effect at $1.5^{\circ}C$ distance condition. In Experiment 2, the SOA(Stimulus Onset Asynchrony) between the picture and the stimuli of flanker task was manipulated. The flanking stimuli were presented simultaneously on the left and right sides of the target stimulus with a distance of either $0.5^{\circ}C$ or $1.5^{\circ}C$ visual angle. The results of Experiment 2 showed that flanker compatibility effect depends on SOA. At long SOA(2800ms), negative pictures showed no distance effect, but positive or neutral pictures did. All valence conditions of background pictures showed compatibility effects at $0.5^{\circ}C$ distance condition, but didn't showed compatibility effect at $1.5^{\circ}C$ distance condition. At short SOA(100ms), all valence conditions of background pictures showed distance effect, and showed compatibility effects with the exception of negative background pictures at $1.5^{\circ}C$ distance condition. These findings suggest that the scope of visual attention becomes narrower when viewing negative emotional stimuli and becomes broadened when viewing positive emotional stimuli. The narrowed scope of attention in negative emotion lasts longer, while the broaden scope of attention in positive emotion lasts shorter.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.199-215
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to understand dogs for their happy lives. Experiment and survey were conducted to find out the effects of sensory stimulation on dogs emotions. Sensory were divided into visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, complex and emotions were measured by the rate of deep sleep, feed intake, and heart rate. Research has shown that complex stimulation (walking) is the most positive stimulation for dog's emotions, but visual stimulation and auditory stimulation do not act as stimuli that positively change usual state of dog's emotions. Olfactory stimuli is the second best stimulation. Since olfactory stimulation is effective in maintaining a calm state without large deviation in the dog's state, it can be used as a method for relieving the dog's stress in exceptional situations when complex stimulation is not possible. On the other hand, tactile stimulation, bath, is a negative sensory stimulus that causes hypersomnia and binge eating for most dogs.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2009

Categorization in a vital means for dealing with the multitudes of entities in the world surrounding people. Among others, the perceptual and the evaluative similarities factors strongly affect categorization. The conventional SD-type procedure are insufficient in this regard, since it requires an individual subject to make isolated judgments about each stimulus to identify categorization in terms of a group tendency. It disregards the individual categorization in which the similarities are of great importance. Thus in this study the phased emotional evaluation method is suggested based on the intuitive categorization of stimuli and on the similarity judgement of representative/ non-representative case in each category. To verify the effectiveness of the suggested evaluation method the scanned jewelry images are selected as test stimuli for emotional evaluation experiment. As a result of the evaluation experiment, the conventional SD-type procedure is complemented by the emotional evaluation method in phases of the task of intuitive categorization, the selection of the representative images and the setup of the evaluation score of the representative images to internally supplied anchors of evaluating non-representative images.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.15-28
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• 2023

This study examined the affective representation and response consistency among individuals using affective videos, a naturalistic stimulus inducing emotional experiences most similar to those in daily life. In this study, multidimensional scaling was conducted to investigate whether the various affective representations induced through video stimuli are located in the core affect dimensions. A cross-participant classification analysis was also performed to verify whether the video stimuli are well classified. Additionally, the newly developed intersubject correlation analysis was conducted to assess the consistency of affective representations across participant responses. Multidimensional scaling revealed that the video stimuli are represented well in the valence dimension, partially supporting Russell (1980)'s core affect theory. The classification results showed that affective conditions were successfully classified across participant responses. Moreover, the intersubject correlation analysis showed that the consistency of affective representations to video stimuli differed with respect to the condition. This study suggests that the affective representations and consistency of individual responses to affective videos varied across different affective conditions.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.773-778
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• 2020

In this paper, we analyzed the effects of musical stimuli on humans in performing mathematical tasks through EEG measurements. The musical stimuli were divided into preferred music and non-preferred music, and mathematical tasks were divided into memorization task and procedure task. The data measured in the EEG experiments was divided into frequency bands of Theta, SMR, and Mid-beta because of the concentration. In our results, preferred music causes more positive emotional response than no music and non-preferred music regardless of the type of mathematical task.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.159-167
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• 2018

As the popularity of single-person media content increases, We investigated the causal relationship between perceived value and intention to recommend to others. Individuality was studied on the tendency to sensation seeking and novelty seeking, which is a tendency to take boredom sensitive to monotonous and repetitive daily routines, and novelty seeking refers to new information and stimuli. The hypothesis was that high sensation seeking and high novelty seeking would perceived emotional value, epistemic value, and economic value for a single person 's media content. Hypothesis testing was performed using multiple regression analysis using SPSS21. As a result of the hypothesis test, The novelty seeking has a positive effect on emotional value, epistemic value, and economic value. Users who want to explore and enjoy new things could perceived the emotional value of having fun, fun, and sadness through single-person content, perceived a epistemic value and enjoy new information and situations as a tool to recognize new stimuli and know what they didn't know. And it could be seen that users perceive the economic value that they can enjoy at low cost or free service. The sensation seeking has a significant effect on epistemic value, but it did not affect emotional value and economic value significantly. Those who have a high tendency to sensation seeking can perceive curiosity about one-person media contents, so that they can perceive epistemic value. However, those who feel that they have not significant influence on economic value and emotional value can easily understand that expecting one's content does not feel bored by paying for a low cost or free service.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06c
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• pp.291-296
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• 1998

In the experiment carried out on 20 college students, recorded were frontal, temporal and occipital EEG, skin conductance response, skin conductance level, heart rate and respiration rate during listening to two music fragments with different affective valences and white noise administered immediately after negative visual stimulation. Analysis of physiological patterns observed during the experiment suggests that affective auditory stimulation with music is able to selectively modulate autonomic and cortical activity evoked by preceding aversive visual stimulation and to restore initial baseline levels. On other hand, physiological responses to white noise, which does not possess emotion-eliciting capabilities, evokes response typical for orienting reaction after the onset of a stimulus and is rapidly followed by habituation. Observed responses to white noise were similar to those specific to attention only and had no evidence for any emotion-related processes. Interpretation of the obtained data is considered in terms of the role of emotional and orienting significance of stimuli, dependence of effects on the background physiological activation level and time courses of attention and emotion processes. Physiological parameters are summarized with regard to their potential utility in differentiation of psychological processes induced by auditory stimuli.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.58-61
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of electroencephalogram (EEG) during emotional occurrence of likes and dislikes in humans subjected to visual stimuli. Fifteen healthy male subjects participated in the study. Portrayals of females and cars on a visual screen, one photographic display at a time. were used as the stimulus. The subjects, with their EEGs concomitantly monitored, were asked to record their likes and dislikes for each portrayal of a total of 50 sequential displays. The results indicated that beta ($\beta$)=wave was more prevalent with dislikes than likes, and the arousal level was higher when dislikes predominated over likes, implying that more cerebral information processing activity was involved in answering dislikes than likes. In the case of cars, the difference between likes and dislikes was focused within a frequency band of 15-20 Hz in the right cerebral hemisphere. Our findings suggest that the activity in the right brain predominates with increases in negative emotion.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.1572-1580
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• 2010

This thesis presents an emotion-based contents player platform that can change its visual and aural components as user's emotions. It analyzes the emotion as pleasant, unpleasant, aroused, and relaxed based on the physiological signals and the user's active response. Accordingly. the system reorganizes graphical and aural stimuli, such as, light, color, sound, in real-time. It can be used to develop and show the emotional contents and also be applied for the systematic analysis to find out how the components would affect the emotion. This paper describes overall the system architecture and the implementations of the sub-systems, as well as the actual contents built on top of the platform.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.107-118
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• 2024

Nociplastic pain by the "International Association for the Study of Pain" is defined as pain that arises from altered nociception despite no clear evidence of nociceptive or neuropathic pain. Augmented central nervous system pain and sensory processing with altered pain modulation are suggested to be the mechanism of nociplastic pain. Clinical criteria for possible nociplastic pain affecting somatic structures include chronic regional pain and evoked pain hypersensitivity including allodynia with after-sensation. In addition to possible nociplastic pain, clinical criteria for probable nociplastic pain are pain hypersensitivity in the region of pain to non-noxious stimuli and presence of comorbidity such as generalized symptoms with sleep disturbance, fatigue, or cognitive problems with hypersensitivity of special senses. Criteria for definitive nociplastic pain is not determined yet. Eight specific disorders related to central sensitization are suggested to be restless leg syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, temporomandibular disorder, migraine or tension headache, irritable bowel syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivities, and whiplash injury; non-specific emotional disorders related to central sensitization include anxiety or panic attack and depression. These central sensitization pain syndromes are overlapped to previous functional pain syndromes which are unlike organic pain syndromes and have emotional components. Therefore, nociplastic pain can be understood as chronic altered nociception related to central sensitization including both sensory components with nociceptive and/or neuropathic pain and emotional components. Nociplastic pain may be developed to explain unexplained chronic pain beyond tissue damage or pathology regardless of its origin from nociceptive, neuropathic, emotional, or mixed pain components.