• Animal cells and systems
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.333-339
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• 1998

Litter decomposition is a key process in energy flow and nutrient cycling in the freshwater littoral zone, and is regulated by physicochemical properties of litters. Using a litterbag method, we compared the decomposition rates of 16 different litter types from 10 plant species of the emergent macrophytes for one year in the littoral zone of the Paltangho Reservoir, Korea. The regression analysis fitted to the various decomposition models showed that mass loss of the litters with time best fitted an asymptotic function. The litters of the emergent macrophytes were composed of two compartments, labile and refractory. The macrophytic litters showed a great variety in decomposition dynamics depending on sources of litters. The labile compartment of the initial litter mass was in a wide range between 18% and 99%, and their decomposition rates varied from 0.0037 to 0.0131 day-1. The decomposition processes of the emergent macrophytes were determined by the relative amounts of the labile and refractory compartments and by the decomposition rate of the habile one in the littoral zone.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2003

To quantify nutrient loading from emergent macrophytes through leaching in the littoral zones of Paldang Reservoir, we conducted incubation experiments using leaf litter of the emergent macrophyte, Zizaniz latifolia. To separate the leaching process from microbial decay, we used $HgCl_2$ to suppress microbial activity during the experiment. We measured electric conductivity, absorbance at 280nm, total nitrogen and dissolved inorganic nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus, Na, K, Mg and Ca amounts in leaf litter and in water. In addition, we examined the effects of water temperature and ion concentrations of ambient water on the leaching process. A total of 6% of the initial ash-free dry mass of leaf litter was lost due to leaching during incubation (four days). Electric conductivity and A280 continued to increase and saturate during the incubation. To compare reaching rates of different nutrients, we fitted leaching dynamics with a hyperbolic saturation function [Y=AㆍX/(B+X)]. From these fittings, we found that ratios of leaching amounts to nutrient concentration in the litter were in the order of K > Na > Mg > P > Ca > N. Leaching from leaf litter of Z. latifolia was dependent on water temperature while it was not related with ion concentrations in the ambient water. Our results suggest that the leaching process of nutrients, especially phosphorus, from aquatic macrophytes provides considerable contribution to the eutrophication of the Paldang Reservoir ecosystem.

• 천문학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2015

Star forming galaxies found in the early universe exhibit asymmetric Lyα emission line that results from multiple scattering in a neutral thick medium surrounding the Lyα emission source. It is expected that emergent Lyα will be significantly polarized through a large number of resonance scattering events followed by a number of successive wing scatterings. In this study we adopt a Monte Carlo method to calculate the polarization of Lyα transferred in a very thick static slab of H_I. Resonantly scattered radiation associated with transitions between is only weakly polarized and therefore linear polarization of the emergent Lyα is mainly dependent on the number of off-resonant wing scattering events. The number of wing scattering events just before escape from the slab is determined by the product of the Doppler parameter a and the line center optical depth τ₀, which, in turn, determines the behavior of the linear polarization of Lyα. This result is analogous to the study of polarized radiative transfer of Thomson scattered photons in an electron slab, where the emergent photons are polarized in the direction perpendicular to the slab when the scattering optical depth is small and polarized in the parallel direction when the slab is optically thick. Our simulated spectropolarimetry of Lyα shows that the line center is negligibly polarized, the near wing parts polarized in the direction parallel to the slab and the far wing parts are polarized in the direction perpendicular to the slab. We emphasize that the flip of polarization direction in the wing parts of Lyα naturally reflects the diffusive nature of the Lyα transfer process in thick neutral media.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.314-327
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• 2014

본 연구는 간호대학 4학년 학생의 학습유형에 따른 응급상황관리 시뮬레이션 교육의 효과를 확인하고자 실시된 단일군 사전-사후 유사실험 연구이다. 연구 대상자는 4년제 간호대학에 재학 중인 58명의 학생이었으며, 연구는 2013년 6월 24일부터 7월 12일까지 실시되었다. 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 간호대학 4학년 학생의 학습유형과 교육효과(비판적 사고성향, 문제해결과정, 협력, 실습만족도, 자신감)를 조사하였으며, 서술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U 검정, Kruskal-Wallis를 이용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 간호대학 4학년 학생의 학습유형은 수렴자 46.6%, 융합자 34.5%, 적응자 15.5%, 분산자 3.4%이었다. 응급상황관리 시뮬레이션 교육은 비판적 사고성향, 문제해결과정, 협력, 자신감에 유의한 향상을 보였으나, 학습유형에 따른 교육효과는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이를 기초로 학습유형과 시뮬레이션 교육효과 간의 관계에 대한 재고찰을 통해 시뮬레이션 교육의 효과를 극대화시킬 수 있는 방안의 모색이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.235-254
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• 2008

This article describes the latest development of a generic approach to detecting emerging trends and transient in scientific literature. The work makes substantial theoretical and methodological contributions to progressive Information analysis. A specialty is conceptualized as a time variant duality research front concepts in information science. A research front is defined as an emergent and transient grouping of concepts and underlying research issues. The contributions of the approach is that the nature of an intellectual base is algorithmically and temporally identified by emergent research-front terms. The modeling process is implemented in RADERS, and applied to the analysis of telecommunication field. Practical implications of the work are discussed. A number of challenges and opportunities for future studies are identified.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2018

이 연구에서는 2009 개정교육과정에서 Brønsted-Lowry 모델을 다루는 화학 I과 화학 II 교과서를 대상으로 교과서의 설명과 예시를 분석하였다. 특히 Brønsted-Lowry 모델의 정의와 사례의 제시, 실험 내용 등에서 화학평형이라는 과정적 관점과 비순차적 과정을 제시하고 있는 지에 대해 분석하였다. 분석 대상 교과서는 현재 사용되고 있는 2009 개정교육과정의 화학 I 교과서 4종과 화학 II 교과서 4종이었다. 연구 결과, 화학 I 교과서에서는 Brønsted-Lowry 모델을 설명할 때 화학평형의 관점이 충분히 제시되지 않았으며, 이는 교육과정 개정이 되면서 2009 개정교육과정에서 발생한 문제로 나타났다. 화학 II 교과서에서는 약산과 강염기의 반응과 같은 사례에서 Brønsted-Lowry 모델을 적용하기 보다는 Arrhenius 모델의 순차적 관점으로 묘사하였다. 또한 화학 II 교과서의 Brønsted-Lowry 모델을 증명하기 위한 실험의 예시도 매우 부족하였다. 산-염기 정의에 관련된 실험 예시는 지시약의 색변화로 분류하는 수준이었으며, 산의 세기를 설명하기 위한 실험 예시는 전류의 세기 비교나 금속과의 반응에서 발생하는 수소기체의 발생 정도를 비교하는 것이었다. 또한 모든 교과서에서는 Brønsted-Lowry 모델을 설명할 때 수용액 상태를 제시하여 Arrhenius 모델과 차별화되지 못하는 문제가 있었다. 따라서 비수용액 상태의 산과 염기를 제시함으로써 Brønsted-Lowry 모델에 대한 학생들의 이해를 돕기 위한 실험의 예시에 대한 개발이 필요하다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2014

This is a study on the application of a dialectic way of thinking in terms of design methods, and has contents about the formation of new visual and the ways of process that are triggered by cognitive introspection. A ccordingly, the study has its purposes in interpretation and recommendation of new methodological systems around dialectic principles and ways of thinking on the works of the Dutch Architecture Exhibition carried out in Korea in 2013, with the theme of "Reuse" among the aspects expanding since the reflexive modernization. Firstly, the basic features of Dutch designs were connected to dialectic ways of thinking. After studying the basic concepts of dialectics from Greek philosophies to Kant, Hegel, Marx and Benjamin, the aspects of applying them onto creative works such as art, architecture and design were methodologically systematized. Through this process, it was confirmed that the existing concepts are newly rearranged rationally, logically and scientifically based on dialectic ways of thinking rather than subjectively or emotionally. From the study of the 12 art works, it was confirmed that the value of use and potential obstacles have been used as a design solution. Also, the process which is juxtaposed with the result by itself has been expressed and causes the alienation effect. Therefore, such dialectic ways of thinking was organized into a procedural flow of contradictory recognition on situations, drive due to negativity, mutual penetration, mutual transformation, abstraction, verbalizing and creation of new concepts, and it was confirmed that such finding was valid in securing creative possibilities as 'New Uses' rather than 'Re-uses'.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2008

The management of organizational Human Resource is steadily shifting away from pure hierarchical to market mechanisms that involve external vendors. HR Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) has recently emerged as a significant administrative innovation in an organization's strategy. Our paper attempts to understand firm-specific factors influencing the scope of HR BPO needs. Study results show that IT maturity and firm size are influential factors on the scope of HR BPO needs. We hope that our attempt at empirically examining and predicting this emergent phenomenon will stimulate others to look at this important strategic challenge facing firms from a theoretical perspective. Such research initiatives will allow us not only to better understand this complex phenomenon, but also to drive useful management prescriptions grounded on theory-based research.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

Requirements engineering is an important phase in a system's life cycle. It is important to perform it correctly. The increasing complexity of systems makes requirements engineering activities more difficult. Non-functional requirements are drivers to emerge how much emergent system properties to aim for success. All functional requirements may be satifsfied, but if the level of desired non-functional requirements are overlooked, the system development will fail. There is growing awareness of the importance of defining non-functional requirements early in the process among the requirements engineering (RE) community. This paper propses a SysML based approach for non-functional requirements to identify and specify very early in the process or requirements engineering.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2004

This Paper examines theoretical terrains and design strategies of landscape urbanism which is an emerging hybrid field at the intersection of architecture, landscape architecture, and urbanism. Landscape urbanism offers alternative approaches for theory, education, and practice in contemporary landscape architecture. It views the emergent urban complex sites-post-industrial sites, landfill, brownfield, urban void, etc., not as a weakness, but as a strength. Landscape urbanism poses an understanding of landscape as an element of urban infrastructure. In this sense, the landscape is seen in the context of contemporary urban development and public works. As a complex amalgam, landscape urbanism is more than a design style it is an ethos, an attitude, a way of thinking and acting. We can chart the main characteristics of landscape urbanism such as horizontality and surface, infrastructure, process, technique, and ecology. Multilayered examples of landscape urbanism can be seen in several experimental practices such as worts of Rem Koolhaas, MVRDV, Adriaan Geuze/West 8, James Comer, etc. It is possible to summarize the productive strategies for landscape urbanism as follows : thickening, folding, new materials, nonprogrammed use, impermanence, and movement.