• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2012

A symptom-based procedure with a critical safety function monitoring system has been established to reduce the operator's diagnosis and cognitive burden since the Three-Mile Island (TMI) accident. However, it has been reported that a symptom-based procedure also requires an operator's cognitive efforts to cope with off-normal events. This can be caused by mismatches between a static model, an emergency operating procedure (EOP), and a dynamic process, the nature of an ongoing situation. The purpose of this study is to share the evidence of mismatches that may result in an excessive cognitive burden in conducting EOPs. For this purpose, we analyzed simulated emergency operation records and observed some operator behaviors during the EOP operation: continuous steps, improper description, parameter check at a fixed time, decision by information previously obtained, execution complexity, operation by the operator's knowledge, notes and cautions, and a foldout page. Since observations in this study are comparable to the results of an existing study, it is expected that the operational behaviors observed in this study are generic features of operators who have to cope with a dynamic situation using a static procedure.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.182-195
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• 2017

Purpose: This study explores school nurses' emergency care experiences and their needs for systemic institutional support. Methods: Data were collected in 2016 from the interviews with five focus groups comprising thirty school nurses. Qualitative content analysis was then performed using the collected data. Results: The study found that school nurses were vulnerable to over-reaction in uncertain situations as the school's sole health service provider. The study's findings are divided into ten categories. 1) Major obstacles to overcome as the sole health service provider, 2) Assessing an uncertain situation and making appropriate decisions, 3) Providing limited first aid while maintaining control over the situation, 4) Referring or transferring a student to a hospital that creates tensions and raises cost, 5) Becoming an advocate for information disclosure and treatment, 6) Ensuring follow-up actions and proper transfer of responsibility, 7) Making preparations for future emergency, 8) Responding to conflicts arising from over-reaction as a safeguard and professional expertise, 9) Need for the development of standardized manual for school emergency care, 10) Need for practical case-based training. Conclusion: The findings of this study should contribute to the development of the programs aimed at improving school emergency care and the professional competence of school nurse.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1389-1396
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• 2011

There can be several states of emergency when the train is in operation. In this paper we consider passengers how to escape from emergency states and what facilities they can use by each situation. In general, passengers can escape from a train by manual door openning, emergency ramp and breaking window. Now, we consider which facility is proper to each scenario.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.365-373
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• 2010

Many studies on safety issues of human-machine interaction are being conducted, especially taking emergency situations into consideration. In light of this view, the importance of objective and reliable measurement of users' reactions under emergency situations is becoming more important than ever in reflecting such issues in the design of everyday things. However, despite the need to consider the human-machine interactions and human performances at the design stage, there were few studies which considered human performances and behaviors under emergency situations. This study is about an evaluation method and design guide to include such human performances under emergency situations during human-machine interactions. This is achieved through an experiment where operators are instructed to press the emergency button at an experimentally designed location under a random emergency situation. By analyzing the results in a human factors perspective, the response time and the accuracy of the operators' behaviors are explained. Analysis revealed that in designing the center fascia for automobiles, there is a tradeoff between response time and accuracy, and the optimal size of buttons differ in each part of the center fascia. This method is expected to be applicable to industrial situations to derive optimal position for emergency buttons.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.63-68
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• 2022

Currently, there are a total of 68 emergency rooms based on Seoul, South Korea, and there is a portal site that allows you to inquire the location of the emergency room, but it is difficult to use in an actual emergency situation because it consists of selecting a gu and a self-governing dong. In addition, it may be more efficient to go to the emergency room directly because you may miss the golden time necessary for survival in a situation where you call 119 and wait for the rescue team. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a service that can quickly search the location of the emergency room based on a specific location through various functions supported by MongoDB. After downloading emergency room location data based on Seoul Metropolitan City, storing it in MongoDB, processing the data through various processing techniques, and applying a spatial index, you can query the emergency room based on distance from a specific location in real time.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1003-1010
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• 2018

When an applicant requests the emergency situation call or safe return service using a smart device, the smart surveillance service can select the CCTV(closed circuit television) cameras around the applicant using applicant's location information, then automatically takes a photograph to track the applicant. Since the surrounding CCTV camera shoots the applicant continuously using location information and the applicant can be observed by the monitor agent in real time, this service can be very helpful in an applicant's emergency situation or safe return. The existing smart surveillance service does not consider the priority of the emergency situation call and safe return service. Therefore, there is the disadvantage that the applicant who requests an emergency situation call service can not be photographed when safe return service has already preoccupied CCTV cameras which are capable of taking a picture of the applicant. The proposed smart surveillance service improves this disadvantage by using service priority.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.537-545
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• 2009

Though there were many research and development about telemedicine on land recently, not yet applied to that on the shore. In this paper, when emergency clinic situation were generated in a ship on shore, the telemedicine system was designed and implemented for transfer and clinic service to doctors on the land by measuring basic body signals of patients. Presently, wireless communication and inmarsat telephone are usually used by simple questions and clinic consults to remote doctors when emergency situation were happened in the ship. In this paper, the telemedicine system on the shore were developed for improving this problems by measuring patient's fundamental conditions such as the blood pressure, pulse, the respiratory condition, electrocardiogram, body temperature, patient image and sending these information to remote doctors on land for more accurate prescription. The developed system can supply the high level clinic service to emergency patients on the shore and cope with the emergency situation in ship.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.543-550
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• 2007

This study is for an effective response as the pre-stage for railway agencies to prepare the rail road kind based emergency response standard operation procedures when the emergency event occurs. Accordingly, I would like to increase the utility in helping the railroad employees to make their decisions. And that is possible through suggesting them to make computerized Emergency situation based activity and Emergency response that is individual based. And of course all of this procedure would be based on the emergency event categorized response scenario.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.264-268
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• 2014

There are a lot of dental emergency situation. Especially on disabled or pediatric patient with negative behavior, accidental aspiration or ingestion of foreign body (ex: dental instrument) is one of the common accidents in dental procedure. Dentists and dental hygienists must have knowledge about the precaution and be ready to deal with foreign body aspiration during dental treatment, especially on the disabled. This is a case of an accident during the dental treatment of 14-year-old female patient with cerebral palsy. During scaling, prolonged retained primary tooth which had resorbed roots was fell into left bronchi. So we tried to remove the crown by endotracheal approach. Most ingested foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract spontaneously, but some of them need endoscopic or surgical removal. Moreover aspiration into broncho-trachea can be more serious events and must be treated as emergency situation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.326-330
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• 2012

In 2011, There were about 25,000 people died because of heart disease. The aim of this paper is to design a heart attack situation monitoring and spreading system for patients. Wearable computer with a sensor is used to monitor heart rate. Heart rate is transffered to smartphone with bluetooth. After analyzing heart rate, smartphone spread out the emergency situation by various service including emergency call, SNS and SMS.