• 생태와환경
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• 제33권3호통권91호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2000

온도와 연관된 줄날도래 (Hydropsyche kozhantschikovi)의 우화 양상을 연구하기 위하여 경기도 왕숙천에서 1999년 4월${\sim}$6월 동안 조사를 실시하였다. 우화하는 성충의 정량채집은 피라미드형 우화트랩을 이용하였다. 수온은 1999년에 1시간 간격으로 모니터링하였다. 우화는 일일 평균 수온이 약 10$^{\circ}C$에 도달한 4월 15일에 시작되었고, 그 이후 빠르게 증가하여 약 10일만에 우화의 정점에 도달하였으며, 5월 25일까지 40일간 지속되었다. 우화된 성충의 평균개체수는 35.8 inds./m$^{2}$였고, 암수의 성비는 수컷 : 암컷 = 1 : 2.04였다. 수컷이 암컷보다 2일 정도 우화가 빨랐다. 일일 우화 양상은 일몰 직후(19 :00${\sim}$21 : 00)에 제1정점(66.7%)이 나타나고, 일출 직전(05:00${\sim}$07:00)에 제2정점 (11.1%)이 나타나는 쌍생형 양상이었다. 본 연구의 적산온도 회귀모형에 따르면 우화의 시점, 정점, 그리고 완료에 도달하기 위한 누적적산 온도는 각각 453.89 DD (수컷 440.48 DD, 암컷 473.97DD), 615.71DD(수컷 610.18 DD, 암컷 622.09 DD), 그리고 820.24DD (수컷 828.25 DD, 암컷 804.71 DD)였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2013

The plant growth and yield of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. were studied by altitude and tuber weight. The emergence rates in low land area were not different by tuber weights, but it showed earlier emergence date in heavier weight of seed-tuber and low land area. The higher aerial growth such as plant height and number of leaves per plant was the heavier tuber weight in a planting year, but the growth was not different by the weight of tuber at second year after planting. The distribution pattern of tuber size per $m^2$ was not influenced by different seed-tuber weight. The number of harvested tuber was highest at more than 1 g of tuber weight, and followed 1~2 g and less than 2 g. The distribution pattern of fresh tuber yield was not influenced by different altitude and seed-tuber weight. The marketable tuber, 2 g or more, tends to be produced with more than 0.6 g seed-tuber. As the results above-mentioned, it was thought that the high yield was supposed to use seed-tuber over 0.6 g in the fertile soil.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제26권
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• pp.1.1-1.6
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• 2011

Plasmodium vivax malaria has occurred annually in the Republic of Korea (ROK) since its re-emergence in 1993. P. vivax malaria in ROK has been strongly influenced by infected mosquitoes originating from the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Korean P. vivax malaria has shown typical characteristics of unstable malaria transmitted only during the summer season, and displays short and long incubation periods. The changing pattern of the transmission period can be predicted by analyzing the seasonal characteristics of early primary attack cases with a short incubation period. Such cases began to gradually occur earlier in the 1990s after the re-emergence. Most of the malaria cases after mid-August are presumed to be early primary attack, short incubation period cases. Only primary transmission was possible until the early 2000s, whereas up to fourth or fifth transmission occurred in the mid-2000s. The results indicate that the length of transmission period has been gradually extending, which may be ascribed to a climate change-mediated temperature rise. Malaria and climate data should be integrated to analyze and predict the influence of climate change on malaria occurrence in ROK.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.376-384
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• 2016

Systems biology is an emerging field aiming at a systems level understanding of living organisms and focusing on the characteristics of the whole network of them. The emergence of systems biology is partly because of the availability of huge amounts of data on organisms and the extensive support of computational technologies as the tools for understanding complex biological systems. The scientific understanding of Korean medicine has been obstructed because of the lack of proper methods examining the complex nature and the unique property of it. However, systems biology could give a chance understanding Korean medicine objectively and scientifically. Pattern classification is a unique tool of Korean medicine to diagnose and treat patients and systems biology would give a useful tool to interpret pattern classification. Various omics technologies has been used to explain the relations between pattern classification and biological factors and then many characteristics of pattern classification in various diseases have been discovered. Therefore, pattern classification could be a bridge to understand the features and differences of western medicine and Korean medicine and it could be a basis to develop pattern-based personalized medicine.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.107-118
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• 2018

Taegeuk is Korea's flagship pattern, which has been handed down over centuries. During the Joseon era, it had an influence on all places such as the left side of the building and arrangement. In addition, Taegeuk was a bowl which contains the philosophy of right now. In Neo-Confucianism, it was understood that yin and yang were divided into five elements and created the universe. In buildings, Taegeuk was mostly used as decoration on the stylobate and doors. Taegeuk contains the fundamental thoughts about the creation of the universe. In architecture, it plays the role of a bridge between spaces. In ancient times, it was used as byeoksa. Entering the Joseon era, it played a role as a border. In the late Joseon dynasty, it was important in protecting the country. A Taegeuk pattern varies in diverse shapes to represent its dynamic aspects. After passing through many different stages, it developed into the pattern of today.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

The Schumpeterian process of "creative destruction", associated with the emergence and diffusion of new radical, so-called "general purpose" technologies, has throughout history impacted wealth and income, jobs creation, jobs displacement, and the emergence and submergence of new hotspots of innovation. Emerging countries have benefited most from such a renewing of those societies' dynamics, leading them to higher levels of economic development and welfare. Doing so they have shown a remarkable capacity in moving upstream in the value chain, from outsourcing of manufacturing activities to autonomous process technology development, product development, design, and applied research. At the same time however, such Schumpeterian processes have now and then turned into exactly opposite processes of "destructive creation." Such processes seem to have become common among what could be called "submerging" economies: innovation only benefitting a few at the expense of many with as a result an opposite pattern of a long term reduction in overall welfare, productivity, and employment growth.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.249-257
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• 1991

우리나라 33개 예찰소를 대상으로 1968년부터 1989년까지 지역별 이화명나방의 발생시기 및 발생량의 변동과 이앙시기에 따른 성충과 유충발생 및 피해와의 관계, 이앙시기별 월동유충의 우화율 등의 관계를 조사 분석한 결관느다음과 같다. 이화명나방의 발생시기 변동을 보면 1968~1972년에 비하여 1985~1989년에는 1화기 발생이 30일 가량 앞당겨진 지역이 광주이고, 20~25일이 상주, 나주이며, 10~15일이 울진, 지누, 고양, 밀양, 김제, 고창등 11개지역이고, 5일정도 앞당겨진 지역은 수원, 진천, 대전, 남원, 해남등 10개지역이며, 지금까지 발생시기 변동이 별로 엇는 지역은 원성, 충주, 서산, 영주, 논산 등지이다. 또한 2화기의 발생이 20일 가량 앞당겨진 지역이 울진이고, 15일이 충주, 영덕, 함천이며, 영주를 제외하고는 그 밖의 대부분지역이 5~10일 정도 더 빨리 발생하였다. 전국 이화명나방 발생량 변동을 보면 1969~1972에 비하여 195~1989년에는 1화기 발생량이 전국적으로 감소하였으나 2화기에는 중부, 서남부일부 지역에서, 특히 광주, 나주, 대구 등지가 3배이상, 진주, 밀양, 공주 등지는 2배 가량 증가하고, 상주, 청주, 김제 등 8개 지역에서 모두 증가한 반면, 보은, 서산, 논산, 해남 등 19개지역은 감소하였다. 이앙시기를 달리한 포장에서는 유충 발생밀도를 보면 1화기는 이앙이 빠른 포장일수록 발생이 빨고 발생량도 많으며, 2화기의 유충은 중기이앙답(5월 30일)에서 유충발생이 빠르고 peak도 빨리 나타났으며 다음으로 5월 15일, 6월 15일, 4월 30일 순으로 나타났다. 대체적으로 성충발생 peak보다 유충발생 peak는 1화기에는 15일, 2화기에는 10일 정도 후에 나타났다. 이앙시기별 이화명나방의 발생피해는 1화기에는 조기 이앙할수록 피해가 더 심하지만, 2화기에는 증기이앙시(5월 30일)에 피해가 가장 심하였다. 이앙시기별 월동전 평균 유충체중은 조기이앙답이 65.6 mg, 중기 이앙답이 61.2 mg, 후기이앙답이 55.5 mg의 순으로 낮았다. Field cage내에서는 이앙시기별 월동유충의 우화율은 평균 28.3%~39.8%로 매우 낮은 편으로 빨리한 이앙답일수록 월동유충의 체중이 무거웠고 제중이 무거울수록 우화율이 높은 편이었다. 이앙시기별 월동유충에서 우화시기까지의 기간은 조기이앙답이 44일, 중기이앙답이 47일, 후기 이앙답이 51일간으로 늦게 이앙할수록 기간이 더 긴 경향이었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 1988

사육실조건($25pm$$1^{\circ}C$, 광주기 16L:8D, 상대습도 60%)에서 조사된 담배나방(Heliothis assclta Gueness)의 우화, 교미 및 산란의 행동과 일일리듬은 다음과 같다. 불꺼진 후 3시나 이내에 75% 이상이 우화하였으며, 우화된 날개확장과 경화까지는 약 33분이 소요되었다. 성충 수컷은 교미때까지 촉각 운동, 날개 진동, hairpencils확장 , 암컷 산란관 두드림등 일련의 행동을 보였으나, 암컷은 복부끝의 수죽과 이완, 날개 진동 등의 다소 단순한 행동을 보였다. 모든 교미는 암기간 전반기에 주로 일어났으며, 불꺼진 2시간 전후에서 최대 피크를 보였으나, 처녀 암컷의 경우 연령증가에 따라 빨라지는 경향을 보였다. 교미율은 24시간된 미교미암컷에 가장 높았으며, 연령증가에 따라 감소되는데 같은 경향이 미교미수컷에서도 나타났다. 교미지속기단은 평균 $77\pm$14분이었다. 산란 역시 암기간 전체를 통하여 일어났지만, 불꺼진 후 2시간 이내에 최적 피크를 보였으며, 산란수는 교미후 3일에서 가장 많았다. 교미율, 산란수, 수명은 성비에 따라 달랐으며, 교미한 성충의 수명이 교미하지 않은 것보다 더 짧았다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.377-385
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• 2014

To study the fluctuations and relationship in climate change, environmental factors and cyanobacteria communities, we investigated Chudong station of the Daechung reservoir. The average annual temperature showed the maximum value ($13.9^{\circ}C$) from 1994, showed a gradually increasing pattern from 1969 to 2010 in the Daechung reservoir. The number of days with temperatures over $20^{\circ}C$, minimum temperature of the year and average temperature of the winter season patterns also showed a significant increase. The long-time changed in the annual precipitation were not showed a significant variation. The water temperature record comparatively high value in summer, declined in winter. At all period, the phytoplankton were highest biomass in July 2000, and then, showed comparative higher biomass in the summer months. Cyanobacteria taxa were also showed more than 50%. Emergence of cyanobacteria also appeared in November 2007, were prolonged emergence. The dominant genera of taxa were the dominant sphere (Microcystis spp.) until early 2000. After that, the dominant species were the dominant linear (Aphanizomenon spp., Anabaena spp.). Cyanobacteria were the most correlated with water temperature (r = 0.341, p<0.01) and phosphate concentration (r = 0.355, p<0.01).

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 1993

Changes in the amount of ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oygenase(=RuBisCO) protein, namely fraction I protein, and the protease activity were determined in the 10th leaf of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum, var. Ky-57) from 10 days after emergence through senescence at 5 days interval. The amount of RuBisCO per deveined leaf rapidly increased during the early growing season, reached a maximal quantity at the around 20 days after leaf emergence, when the leaf has gone through its most rapid expansion, and began gradually to decrease till 30 days after leaf emergence, thereafter significantly declined to 45 days that the leaf has been dried up partly. The pattern of the ratio of RuBisCO protein to soluble protein in quantity changed similar to that of RuBisCO contents in a leaf, that was 43%, 60%, and 21% at the around 10 days, 20 days, and 45 days, respectively. And RuBisCO contents was linearly correlated with the concentration of chlorophyll(r=0.98) throughout the life span of the leaf. So, it was assumed that the leaf color can be a useful indicator for judging whether RuBisCO contents higher or not in tobacco leaves without homogenization. On the other hand, the protease activities for degradation of casein were assayed at pH 5.5. 7.0. and 8.5 with crude extracts desalted on Sephadex G-25. The highest caseolytic activity was found at pH 5.5 throughout the life sawn of the leaf. Also, the activity at 5.5 became gradually to increase from 30 days after leaf emergence, when RuBisCO protein had became to disappear and remarkably increased in the last stage of senescence, although nitrogen contents of the leaf had reached low levels. The caseolytic activity at pH 5.5 was in negative correlation with RuBisCO contents throughout the life span of the leaf, but not in lineality between them. In other words, the caseolytic activity increased in a rapid exponential manner when RuBisCO contents had reached some low levels. These results showed that the leaf age, namely harvesting time, is a very important factor for the production of the tobacco leaf containing higher RuBisCO protein. It was concluded that the practical harvesting time is between 20 days and 30 days after the leaf emergence from the present results.