• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.52-68
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• 2012

To achieve the aim of this study, 9 different types of samples were made to examine mechanical property according to structured pattern and type of Machi of pullover armhole of WholeGarment(seamless knitwear). With respect to samples, from which comparisons are made and anaylzed among basic characteristics of material, tensile strength & elongation and residual elongation due to repeated extension of armhole connecting part, the following conclusions could be obtained. It's revealed that the tensile strength of Machi part as being armhole connecting part of samples is more affected by Machi type than pattern structure. Of Machi types, it showed stronger tensile strength in the order of Normal(Normal Machi)< Machi_B(unilateral Machi)

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.289-298
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• 1988

The pattern of elongation in the developing hypocotyl of Glycine max shows that the elongation generally proceeds from base to the cotyledonary node in acropetal diredtion, although earlier elongation takes place through the entire hypocotyl. Because the differentiation of the vascular cambium in the hypocotyl advances also acropetally, it can be seen that the acropetal wave of hypocotyl elongation is associated with the acropetal differentiation of the cambium in the hypocotyl elongation is associated with the acropetal differentiation of the cambium in the hypocotyl elongation is associated with the acropetal differentiation of the cambium in the hypocotyl. The elongation of procambial cells occurs not only during active elongation but also after cessation of elongation of the hypocotyl. In tangential view, the procambium of the hypocotyl in early stage has homogeneous structure composed of short cells. Subsequently, these procambial cells elongate actively and then become elongated long cells. These long cells eventually become fusiform initials, while some of elongated long cells are transversely divided and then converted into ray initials. The characteristics of the vascular cambium are entirely acquired some time after hypocotyl elongation is completed, and the transitin from procambium to vascular cambium in the hypocotyl is a rather gradual process.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2016

Although silk textile shows excellent performance when used in clothing over a long period, its limited elongation and elasticity have restricted its extension to other textile and non-textile applications. In the present study, silk textile was produced using silk/polyurethane core-spun yarn and degummed to enhance its elongation and elasticity. The effects of degumming on the structure and mechanical properties of the silk textile were examined. Scanning electron microscopy observation revealed that the silk filaments became finer and more flexible with degumming, resulting in increased tangling of weft yarns and a highly shrunk textile structure in the weft direction. Although the strength of the degummed silk textile was decreased, its elongation greatly increased by 383% (a 16-fold increase) because of the degumming treatment. In particular, the elasticity of the silk textile was greatly improved. The silk textile exhibited ~30% reduction in the elongation after the second extension; however, the elongation almost did not change after 18 additional extension-recovery tests.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.332-337
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• 2008

We analyzed carbonization pattern and crystal structure of polyvinyl chloride wire by thermal stress. Copper that is oxidized at normal temperature is a reddish brown. If under the thermal stress range of 500 to 700 [$^{\circ}C$], carbonization and exfoliation occurrence. Section structure of electric wire is same as arrangement of particle in metallograph analysis. But, as thermal stress increases, size of particle is enlarged. Electric wire displays elongation structure in SEM image analysis and elongation structure collapses when receive thermal stress at 300 [$^{\circ}C$]. In EDX analysis, we get the spectra of CuL, CuK, OK, and ClK. FT-IR analysis was shown new spectra with in range of $1,440{\sim}1,430\;[cm^{-1}]$, 1,340 [$cm^{-1}$], 1,240 [$cm^{-1}$].

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.601-606
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• 1994

This paper describes the effect of elongation on electrical properties and molecular structrue of high density polyethylene. Thin polyethylene films films obtained dy roll elongation after extruded at 220$^{\circ}C$ and elongated to draw rations of 16. Crystallinity of polyethylene films was measured by X-Ray diffraction and electrical properties were estimated by conductivity and TSC(Thermal Simulated Current). It was foung that the crystallinity increases and the electrical conductivity decreases as the elongation increases. The elongation dependence of electrical conductivity may be explained by the trap density. Thus, the control of polymer structure and crystallinity makes its properties better and can be applicated in order to get more active properties.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.179-196
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• 2013

This research is about the mechanical properties of knit pullover of Shaping and WholeGarment according to structured patterns and form of the armhole. For the study 12 samples are prepared under different conditions and through comparative analysis of each sample's armhole around armpit in basic properties, tensile strength & elongation and residual elongation after repeated extensions, the conclusion is as follows. As a result of comparing basic properties of structured pattern of Shaping and WholeGarment samples, in all structured patterns Shaping samples weighed more. According to the comparative analysis of tensile strength & elongation of Shaping and WholeGarment samples, Machi on both sides of WholeGarment samples showed the highest strength. By comparing outcome of residual elongation by structured pattern of Shaping and WholeGarment samples, both types were observed to have the residual elongation increase in the order of Plain

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.413-418
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• 2001

The change of crystalline structure and mechanical properties of drawn PP filaments which was treated by tensioned and non-tensioned annealing was investigated. Measurements were carried out with XRD for crystallite size, density gradient tube for crystallinity. and UTM for mechanical properties. Tensioend and non-tensioned annealing were carried out $80^{\circ}C$, $100^{\circ}C$, $120^{\circ}C$: for 10min., 30min., 60min, in oil bath. It was found that the crystallinity and crystallite size of (110) plane of samples were increased with increasing of annealed temperature and time. Also crystallinity and crystallite size of samples which was tensioned annealing were larger than those of non-tensioned annealed samples. Initial modulus and tensile strength of tensioned annealed samples were higher than non-tensioned annealed samples, But elongation of tensioned annealed samples was lower than non-tensioned annealed samples.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

In this paper, we analyzed the fire hazard of the ballast for fluorescent lamp used as the indoor lighting. In the result of being analyzed the ballast wire by stereo microscope, many melting points were discovered, it was impossible to judge a cause with the naked eye. In the Thermal-deteriorated ballast wire, elongation structure disappeared at above $700^{\circ}$, and it only showed the enlarged appearance of the copper particle. On the metallurgical microscope of short wire, as it was confirmed the regulation of the columnar structure and the void growth at the center of boundary-face, we found that electrical short-circuit generated. Also, it was confirmed the melted part on the analysis using SEM(scanning electron microscope). Not only CuL and Cuk line that is composition factor of copper but also OK line was observed uniformly on the spectra analysis using EDX(energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy). It means that oxygen took part in reaction at the recombination process.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.593-601
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• 2021

Primary cilia on kidney tubular cells play crucial roles in maintaining structure and physiological function. Emerging evidence indicates that the absence of primary cilia, and their length, are associated with kidney diseases. The length of primary cilia in kidney tubular epithelial cells depends, at least in part, on oxidative stress and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) activation. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is involved in antioxidant systems and the ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the role of H₂S in primary cilia elongation and the downstream pathway. In cultured Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells, the length of primary cilia gradually increased up to 4 days after the cells were grown to confluent monolayers. In addition, the expression of H₂S-producing enzyme increased concomitantly with primary cilia length. Treatment with NaHS, an exogenous H₂S donor, accelerated the elongation of primary cilia whereas DL-propargylglycine (a cystathionine γ-lyase inhibitor) and hydroxylamine (a cystathionine-β-synthase inhibitor) delayed their elongation. NaHS treatment increased ERK activation and Sec10 and Arl13b protein expression, both of which are involved in cilia formation and elongation. Treatment with U0126, an ERK inhibitor, delayed elongation of primary cilia and blocked the effect of NaHS-mediated primary cilia elongation and Sec10 and Arl13b upregulation. Finally, we also found that H₂S accelerated primary cilia elongation after ischemic kidney injury. These results indicate that H₂S lengthens primary cilia through ERK activation and a consequent increase in Sec10 and Arl13b expression, suggesting that H₂S and its downstream targets could be novel molecular targets for regulating primary cilia.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.9-13
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• 2013

The tensile properties of high manganese austenitic stainless steel with the two phase structures of deformation-induced martensite and reversed austenite were studied. Reversed austenite with an ultra-fine grain size of less than $0.3{\mu}m$ was obtained by reversion treatment. The two phases structures of deformation-induced martensite and reversed austenite were obtained by an annealing treatment in the range of $500^{\circ}C-700^{\circ}C$ for various times in 70% cold- rolled high-manganese austenitic stainless steel. The volume fraction of the reversed austenite increased rapidly with increases in the annealing temperature and time. In the stainless steel with the two phases of austenite and martensite, the strength decreased rapidly, while the elongation increased slowly and then rapidly increased with an increase in the volume fraction of the reversed austenite. Therefore, the strength and elongation were strongly controlled by the volume fraction of reversed austenite. A good combination of high strength and elongation could be obtained by the mixed structure of reversed austenite and deformation-induced martensite.